FerrellJEDR8400-2

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FerrellJEDR8400-2 1 Identify Appropriate Research Designs for a Qualitative Study Joyce E. Ferrell School of Education, National University EDR-8400: Advanced Qualitative Methodology & Design Dr. Dale Crowe January 28, 2024

FerrellJEDR8400-2 2 Research Designs for a Qualitative Study Evolving Topic of Interest My area of interest consists of working with special needs children. How do teacher- student relationships affect academic achievement in students with disabilities? This topic has caught my interest because I have been a special education teacher for five years and a general education teacher for fifteen years. My bachelor’s degree is in Elementary Education. I began my educational career in the general education setting. After teaching for fifteen years, I decided to obtain my master’s degree in special education due to the increased desire to see the growth that my students with disabilities would incur in my classroom. Upon completing my master’s degree, I continued my career as a special education teacher. As I continued my journey, I noticed how the students with disabilities in my classroom would perform much better with me than with their general education teachers. The students also would be hesitant to return to their homeroom classrooms. The students would instead remain in my classroom. I also begin to analyze our school data and the teacher-student relationships. Students with disabilities would perform well and accomplish goals in my setting. They enjoyed being in the environment due to the positive teacher-student relationships that I took the time to establish with all my students. Therefore, the students were more enthusiastic about learning as well. So, I was interested in further investigating the effects of teacher-student relationships on academic achievement in students with disabilities. My research problem can be explored through qualitative design by conducting in-depth interviews with students, teachers, and parents—using open-ended questions to gather insights into their experiences and perceptions. Classroom observations in the general education setting, as well as in the special education setting, can provide valuable context. It is essential to analyze

FerrellJEDR8400-2 3 the qualitative data to identify patterns and themes related to the impact of teacher-student relationships on academic outcomes in students with disabilities. Designs Qualitative research prioritizes exploring and understanding the depth and complexities of human experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena. Qualitative research involves gathering non-numerical information to uncover underlying meanings, patterns, and insights (Pathak et al., 2013). There are several research designs related to qualitative methodology. According to Creswell and Creswell (2018), qualitative designs include case studies, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, action research, and narrative research. The designs aligned with my topic on the effects of teacher-student relationships on academic achievement in students with disabilities would be phenomenology or case studies. A phenomenological study aims to explore individuals' lived experiences. It would allow me to understand their experiences with teacher-student relationships better. Phenomenology allows me to investigate the subjective perspectives of students, teachers, and parents by gaining insights into the depth and nuances of their experiences. Bloomberg (2018) states that a case study is a strategy that analyzes a real-life situation. A case study design is appropriate because it enables an in-depth examination of specific cases or instances. It can be beneficial for investigating the intricate dynamics of teacher-student relationships within the context of students with disabilities. The case studies allow you to explore these relationships in detail while considering different factors that may influence academic outcomes. Therefore, both phenomenology and case study designs provide a qualitative approach that allows for a distinction exploration of the intricacies involved in

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FerrellJEDR8400-2 4 teacher-student relationships and their impact on academic achievement in the context of students with disabilities. Critique of Research Design Ethnography is another qualitative research design. However, there are better choices than an ethnographic design for my research interest. Ethnography involves engaging, long-term observations within a specific cultural context. The design can include great insights into social dynamics. However, it may not be the most efficient for examining the effects of teacher-student relationships on academic achievement for students with disabilities. Given the need to comprehend the experiences of students with disabilities and their academic outcomes, a design like phenomenology or case studies will provide more focused and targeted insights into the factors influencing these relationships. Ethnography is more relevant to research, where a broader cultural context is central. Closing Argument As stated, a case study and phenomenology design would provide a qualitative approach to the information needed. I would be able to conduct interviews and observations. Together, the designs would provide a comprehensive perspective that goes further than statistical data, helping educators cultivate a more empathetic and responsive approach to the different needs of students with disabilities. Integrating these qualitative insights into educational practice, schools can develop a more inclusive, supportive learning environment. It will ultimately enhance the academic success and well-being of the students. References

FerrellJEDR8400-2 5 Bedford, L. (2019). Considerations for conducting case study research [Webinar]. Northcentral University/Center for Teaching and Learning. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=fq8G2MliL8U Bloomberg, L. (2023). Qualitative research designs: Exploring the "Big Five" (Part 1) . [Webinar]. Northcentral University/Center for Teaching and Learning. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBKzGcYmZnQ Bloomberg, L. D. (2018). Case Study Method. In B. Frey (Ed.), The Sage Encyclopedia of Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation (pp. 237–239). Sage. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach (5th ed.). SAGE. Pathak, Vibha; Jena, Bijayini1; Kalra, Sanjay2. Qualitative research. Perspectives in Clinical Research 4 (3): p 192, Jul–Sep 2013. | DOI: 10.4103/2229-3485.115389

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