Essay #2 - Argument Prewriting - 103 - Spring 2024

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Research-Based Argument Prewriting (103) 1) What is your intended career path, or if you are undecided, which career path are you most interested in? Im undecided yet but the career path I’m most interested in is being a police officer, but I do know that the job come with lot. And things can happen on a daily. 2) Which controversial topic (or often debated topic) have you chosen to write about? Explain the link between this topic and your intended career path. Think of this as your Research Question. It might be helpful to investigate contentious issues that are pertinent to law enforcement and have a big influence on society while doing study on a police career. But it's crucial to handle contentious subjects delicately and make sure the study is impartial and objective. But the subject of police use of force is one that interests me. Examine the procedures, instruction, and accountability systems in place for police force usage. Talk about contentious instances and events, such police shootings or claims of using excessive force, that have spurred public discussion, my attention is especially drawn to racial profiling because examine the problem of racial profiling in law enforcement and the effects it has on underprivileged groups. Examine attempts to address and lessen the issue of racial profiling, as well as its prevalence and effects. The contentious topic of racial profiling has several implications for the professional life of law enforcement personnel. It entails the practice of singling out someone for suspicion or enforcement action based not on their conduct or particular proof of crime, but rather on their race, ethnicity, or perceived qualities. It is relevant to my line of work because racial profiling gives rise to questions about prejudice in law enforcement. It implies that police may target people from particular racial or ethnic origins more frequently than others, which might result in unfair treatment and a lack of confidence between the police and underprivileged populations. 3) What is your position (claim) on this topic? Why have you taken this position? Though opinions on racial profiling vary, there are typically two primary schools of thought on the subject. Racial profiling is opposed on the grounds that it is unfair, ineffectual, and a violation of people's civil rights. They stress the need of applying the law equally to all individuals and contend that while making decisions about whether to raise suspicions or take enforcement action, law enforcement should concentrate on conduct and reliable evidence. They contend that racial profiling can result in unfair outcomes, strengthens prejudices, and undermines community faith in law enforcement. Advocates of Focused Policing, Certain demographic indicators, such color or ethnicity, can be utilized as one of several considerations in assessing suspicion or enforcement measures, according to some proponents of targeted policing. They argue that resource allocation and police techniques may be informed by statistical data and patterns of criminal activity. Proponents contend that when combined with other non-discriminatory characteristics, including conduct or particulars about a crime, race-based data may be a useful tool. I choose these positions because it is noteworthy that racial profiling is commonly regarded as unlawful or unconstitutional in several countries due to its violation of equal protection principles and potential infringement upon civil rights of persons. Different jurisdictions have different policies and procedures regarding profiling, but law enforcement organizations are working to confront and lessen the problem. 4) Who is your intended audience? Why have you chosen them? Choose a group/organization, etc. who you know will disagree with your position.

My target audience may change based on the goal and extent of my research while discussing the subject of racial profiling and the use of force by the police. Public dissemination of studies on racial profiling and the use of force by law enforcement can serve to increase public awareness of the problem and foster educated dialogue. People from a variety of backgrounds who could have differing degrees of expertise and viewpoints on the subject make up this audience. Research on racial profiling and the use of force can be helpful to criminal justice professionals, including police personnel and law enforcement administrators. Training plans, policy formulation, and conversations about the best practices in law enforcement can all benefit from your study. Policy and decision-making processes concerning law enforcement tactics, accountability measures, and reforms can benefit from the knowledge gathered from my study. By focusing on decision-makers and public servants, I may directly influence the development of laws and policies in this field. 5) State at least FOUR reasons that support this claim. For each reason, write 1-2 sentences that explain why this reason is logical . 1. Reason #1: a. Explanation: infringement on civil rights, Individuals' civil rights are violated by racial profiling, which involves treating someone differently based only on their color or ethnicity. This behavior infringes upon people's basic rights and freedoms and violates the principles of equal protection under the law. 2. Reason #2: a. Explanation: Law enforcement's credibility with the communities it serves is damaged by racial profiling, especially among marginalized groups who are disproportionately affected. People who are the target of profiling experience fear, isolation, and unjust treatment, which erodes mutual trust and collaboration between the police and the community. This mistrust makes it more difficult to implement effective enforcement strategies and establish solid community ties. 3. Reason #3: a. Explanation: As a tactic for law enforcement, racial profiling fails. Targeting people based on their race or ethnicity instead of their conduct or reliable evidence might cause resources to be diverted from real dangers and make it more difficult to identify and apprehend real offenders. Adopting an evidence- based police strategy and emphasizing individual behavior above racial factors results in more effective and efficient law enforcement procedures. 4. Reason #4: Explanation: Harmful prejudices and preconceptions are reinforced by racial profiling. It perpetuates social stereotypes and presumptions about particular racial or ethnic groups, which results in stigmatization and unequal treatment. In addition to hurting the people who are the targets, racial profiling feeds into a larger prejudice and discriminatory culture in society. These arguments back up the idea that law enforcement should stop using racial profiling since it is an unfair and damaging practice. It highlights how crucial it is to uphold civil rights, foster community and police trust, employ efficient enforcement techniques, and dispel negative preconceptions. 6) Below, write a thesis for this topic. (Remember to include your position and reasons.)

The use of force and racial profiling are related problems that need to be critically examined and changed in order to guarantee impartial and fair law enforcement procedures. The relationship between racial profiling and the use of force by the police is highlighted in this thesis statement, underscoring the necessity of a thorough examination of both subjects. It implies that the use of force by law enforcement may be directly impacted by racial profiling, which is the practice of singling out persons based on their color or ethnicity. The argument makes the case that in order to overcome these problems, current procedures must be critically examined, and reforms must be put in place to support impartial and fair law enforcement. The thesis indicates that a nuanced approach is required to establish techniques that support impartial and fair law enforcement activities by highlighting the significance of critical analysis. This thesis lays the groundwork for examining a range of viewpoints, including those of racial profiling opponents and supporters, as well as the underlying assumptions that underlie these opinions. 7) Look at the reasons you listed for #5. Select one of these reasons, and below, state ONE counterargument that you could discuss in your essay. Also state the reason that this counterargument supports. If you are using information from a source to support your counter- argument, include that information below.  Counterargument ( State the opposing point of view ): EX: Someone who disagrees with _______ would argue _________ . In some situations, racial profiling may be justified as a vital tool for law enforcement to successfully fight crime and uphold public safety.  Discredit the counterargument: EX: However, this is a weaker argument because _______________. Although the counterargument contends that racial profiling is a legitimate tactic for law enforcement, it violates civil rights. People's civil rights are fundamentally violated by racial profiling since it treats people differently based only on their color or ethnicity. It violates the fundamental rights and liberties of people and contradicts the ideas of equal protection under the law. Racial profiling is a tactic used by law enforcement that upholds the fundamental values of justice and equity that the legal system seeks to uphold while still perpetuating systematic inequality. 8) Conduct some preliminary research. Below, write the Works Cited or Reference citations for FOUR sources that you could use for this essay. 1. Harris, D. A. (2019). Profiles in injustice: Why racial profiling cannot work. Press of New York University. 2. B. Bowling (2019). The cops and racial profiling. Oxford University Press. 3. Justice National Institute (2013). Recognizing and managing the use of force by police. taken from the file https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/249208.pdf 4. The ACLU, or American Civil Liberties Union, n.d. profiling based on race. taken from https://www.aclu.org/issues/racial-justice/race-and-criminal-justice/racial-profiling 5. International Amnesty. (2019). Lethal force: In the US, police have used lethal force. Taken from file https://www.amnestyusa.org/reports/deadly-force-police-use-of-lethal-force-in-the- united-states/ 6. American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). (n.d.). Racial profiling. Retrieve

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