Final Exam CJ 4365 Fall 2023

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Texas State University *

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4365

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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In the aftermath of a fictional Mexican Civil War, a new nation of Northern Mexico is created. The nation being led by military leaders for the next 10 years has envisioned a safe, healthy and prosperous environment, free from systemic violence. In this essay I will explore the feasibility of these goals and outcomes that are envisioned by the military leaders. While identifying the potential obstacles faced by the military government in the first few years. Lastly, I will be providing an outline of my recommended framework for the future criminal justice system after the mandated ten-year period. Question #1: Can the military leaders of the new nation accomplish the goals of a safe, healthy, and prosperous environment, free of systemic violence in the next ten years? If not, what additional measures will they have to take? I believe that achieving these goals of safety, health and having a prosperous environment in the next ten years is a complex task; especially when you consider the context of a post-civil war scenario and the long-lasting reign of drug cartels that have ran through Mexico. That being said I do believe that it is possible with the outline of the new nation's rules and regulations. Although with other certain criteria should also be implemented and met to upkeep the likelihood of success for the new nation of Northern Mexico. The first criteria that must be met is to ensure that they have some form of socioeconomic development. Alongside security measures, investment into economic development can create jobs and address some root causes of crime. By creating jobs, it not only allows for a prosperous environment to take shape but allows people to not have to turn towards crime. As people that can provide for their families and themselves with legal economic means don't have to turn to illegal means such as cartel activities to make up for the lack of legal economic opportunities. Thus, reducing the amount of systemic violence that could take place resulting in a safe and healthy prosperous environment. Furthermore, the new nation's strong approach on crime known as zero tolerance resulting in exile. It is a great way of

ensuring a safe and healthy environment. As the starting years of a new nation are often the weakest and hardest. It is important to make sure that the order of the nation is kept safe even if that means hard punishment. Lastly, one more criteria that should be implemented other that the original outline is a public awareness campaign about the long-term benefits after the 10 years and the proposed measures and the reasons behind them. The reason for this is to ensure a safe, healthy, and prosperous environment. As it is important to build trust between the government and the people. Question#2: What are the most serious obstacles that the military government will face in the first few years? How would you advise them to overcome those obstacles? The military government will likely face several challenges in the initial years. Of the more serious ones I'd expect to pop up are resistance and opposition, cartel influence from the south, human rights concerns from other nations and its own and lastly economic challenges. To address the first one some of the population may resist the new military authority, especially if they perceive the military as imposing strict measures without addressing underlying issues. To combat this open dialogue between the military and community must take place as well as transparency in decision making. If these solutions are meant the likelihood of resistance and opposition will greatly fall. The second problem I see is cartel influence from the south of the new nation. As the drug cartels that are in Mexico have historically held significant power and the new nation of Northern Mexico and its value is a direct threat towards the cartel. For them to overcome this obstacle I would encourage the military to engage in coordinated intelligence driven operations to dismantle the cartel networks and activities to ensure the safety of their new nation. The next obstacle I see coming is human right concerns from other nations and their own. As one of the new policies of permanent banishment and execution of returning exile citizens

raises human rights concerns. To avoid this the new nation must ensure fair and open trials, furthermore, allowing avenues for appeals and avoid arbitrary enforcement to prevent allegations of abuse. The last obstacle I see coming is economic challenges. Rebulding a stable economy should be the top priority as well as addressing unemployment. This would prevent economic instability. Question #3: Describe the Criminal Justice System (police, criminal procedure, criminal courts, and corrections) that you would advise the nation of Northern Mexico to establish following the ten-year period of military government. After the 10-year military government is up, the transition to a stable criminal justice system (CJS) is pivotal. The following outline of a CJS is what I would recommend. For the police force I would recommend them to establish a professional and community-oriented police force. Instead of a nationalized police force. Ensure that the police officers have rigorous training programs focusing on human rights, community policing and effective crime prevention. While also having a task force specially designed to combat organized crime, drug trafficking and corruption. These specialized task forces may be nationalized to ensure that they can move around the country freely. For criminal procedure I would recommend that they ensure due process rights for all individuals. Implement thorough and transparent investigative procedures, with the focus of collecting admissible evidence. Having the right “innocent until proven guilty” as well providing a lawyer for legal representation for defendants even if they can't afford one. Lastly, I would establish an independent judiciary review to oversee criminal cases and appeals. For criminal courts I would recommend a civilian led judiciary that includes trial by jury. Include drug courts for people that need help that may be battling addiction. Furthermore, encouraging alternative sentencing for nonviolent offenses. Lastly, for corrections I would recommend the corrections system to focus on rehabilitation and re-integration. Correctional systems must

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provide educational and vocational training programs for inmates while also having very established clear criteria for parole and probation. This outline of a CJS should balance the need for public safety with the protection of individual rights, fostering a society that values justice, fairness, and the rule of law.

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