200W-Test2-Study Guide
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Mid Michigan Community College *
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Course
200
Subject
Religion
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
Pages
7
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REL 200—Study Guide for Test #2
This study guide is for your use in preparation for the test and will not be handed in.
There will be true-false, matching, and multiple choice questions on the test. Note that true-false
questions on the study guide may be reworded to have the opposite answer on the test, but
multiple choice questions will remain the same. You may not have time to refer to your study
guide during the test, so working through it and studying it before the test will help you complete
the test more easily.
Religion and People of African Descent
1. True or False? In general, African indigenous religions don’t have a supreme, creator god.
2. True or False? In traditional African religions, the world of the spirits and the world of humans
are believed to be closely intertwined.
3. Which of the following is true about spirit possession in indigenous African religions?
a.
People communicate with spirits through the possessed person.
b.
Women are more likely to become possessed than men.
c.
Spirit possession is always viewed as an act of the devil.
d.
Both a and b are true.
4. In traditional African religions, what is a medium?
a.
a person who mediates disputes
b.
a person who becomes possessed by a spirit and can speak for that spirit
c.
a person who casts spells
d.
the ghost of a person who has died
5. True or False? Enslaved African Muslim men were usually able to read and write Arabic.
6. Enslaved Muslims stood out from other enslaved Africans for all of the following reasons
EXCEPT . . .
a.
they dressed differently.
b.
they would not eat after dark.
c.
they would not eat pork.
d.
they prayed differently.
7. How did enslaved Muslims challenge European Americans’ ideas about Africans’ racial and
cultural inferiority?
a.
They demonstrated they were educated, intelligent, moral people.
b.
They showed they were physically stronger than most White people.
c.
They spoke English fluently and with sophistication.
d.
They would beat White people at the game of chess.
8. True or False? Enslaved Muslims resisted the dehumanization and oppression of slavery by
keeping their Muslim practices, beliefs, and names.
9. Which of the following is one reason Islam did not last as a religious tradition among enslaved
Black people in the United States?
a.
Enslaved Muslims weren’t allowed to pray during the day.
b.
Enslaved Muslims were unable to form communities to keep their religious system alive.
c.
Too many enslaved Muslims died from fasting too much.
d.
The enslaved Muslims forgot which direction Mecca was in.
10. Why were some British slaveholders in the North American colonies reluctant to have their
slaves convert to Christianity and be baptized?
a.
They thought becoming Christian would raise the slaves’ self-esteem and make them
think they were equal to White people.
b.
They thought it might encourage slaves to rebel or to demand their freedom.
c.
Including Africans in their faith communities would blur the cultural and social distinctions
needed to maintain slavery.
d.
All of the above
11. What was a common reason many enslaved Africans were not interested in converting to
Christianity before the advent of the first Great Awakening?
a.
They couldn’t read the Bible.
b.
They had to sit in the front of the church.
c.
They wanted to maintain the religious beliefs and rituals of their African ancestors.
d.
They couldn’t tolerate worshiping with White people.
12. Drawing upon a key story in the Hebrew Bible, the Puritans saw North America as the
Promised Land. However, for Africans brought here as slaves, North America was symbolically
the land of ___________________.
13. All of the following were features of the revivals of the Great Awakenings EXCEPT . . .
a.
dramatic conversion experiences.
b.
an emphasis on the spiritual equality of all believers.
c.
an emphasis on church doctrine.
d.
dramatic preaching.
14. True or False? The revivalist preachers of the Great Awakenings made Christianity
appealing to both poor White people and Black people.
15. Which of the following was NOT true of the camp meetings of the Second Great
Awakening?
a. It was common for people to fall down, shout, and raise their arms during worship
services.
b. People gathered at a church building and camped in tents on the church’s lawn.
c. It was common for trumpet blasts to summon people to different activities.
d. They gave people living on the frontier a chance to socialize.
16. True or False? The biblical story of the Exodus gave enslaved people hope that God would
free them from slavery.
17. During the era of the Second Great Awakening, what two Protestant traditions or groups
were the most welcoming and attractive to African Americans?
a.
Quakers and Baptists
b.
Baptists and Methodists
c.
Anglicans and Methodists
d.
Presbyterians and Anglicans
18. True or False? One reason the camp meetings and revivals of the Second Great
Awakening appealed to enslaved Africans was that they allowed them to integrate traditional
African religious practices with Christian ones.
19. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of enslaved people’s conversion
experiences?
a.
The experiences often began with a feeling of great sinfulness.
b.
Enslaved people commonly envisioned being damned to hell.
c.
The experiences were experiences of rebirth and being made new.
d.
The experiences always took place during a worship service.
20. Which of the following elements of traditional African worship was NOT found in the camp
meeting services of Black people?
a.
Being possessed by a spirit
b.
Appeals to ancestral spirits
c.
Call-and-response singing
d.
Dancing
21. True or False? During the era of slavery, Methodists would grant Black men licenses to
preach.
22. True or False? Black members of St. George’s Methodist Church in Philadelphia left that
congregation because it refused to serve communion to Black congregants.
23. What denomination did Richard Allen help form and which he served as its first bishop?
a.
African Methodist Episcopal Church
b.
African Baptist Church
c.
Union Church of Africans
d.
African Episcopal Church
24. True or False? During the first half of the 19th century, Black women’s calls to preach or
exhort often involved seeing visions and hearing divine voices speaking to them.
25. True or False? During the 18th and early 19th centuries, Black women preachers formed
their own congregations and didn’t travel much.
26. Jarena Lee felt she was called to . . .
a.
start women’s prayer circles.
b.
preach.
c.
visit people in prison and pray for them.
d.
go to Africa and bring people to Christ.
27. True or False? Albert Raboteau has called the religion of enslaved Black people an
“invisible institution” because of all their organized rituals devoted to worshiping unseen spirits.
28. During the antebellum period, independent Black churches did which of the following?
a.
Paid for poor people to be buried
b.
Taught Black people how to read and write
c.
Tried to stop discrimination against free Black people
d.
Worked to abolish slavery in the South
e.
All of the above
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29. When Denmark Vesey was organizing a slave revolt, he had help from people who practiced
which two religious traditions?
a.
Christianity and Islam
b.
Vodou and Anglicanism
c.
Catholicism and conjure
d.
Conjure and Protestant Christianity
30. What was the most inspiring biblical story for enslaved people?
a.
Cain and Abel
b.
Noah and his sons
c.
Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt
d.
Daniel in the lions’ den
31. What type of traditional African music style can be described as back-and-forth singing
between a song leader(s) and a group?
a.
jazz
b.
gospel
c.
call-and-response
d.
juju
32. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of enslaved people’s spirituals?
a.
They often contained coded language that would convey special messages.
b.
They often contained biblical references.
c.
They were only sung during worship services.
d.
They often spoke of freedom in this life and the next.
33. True or False? Enslaved people’s spirituals could be both joyful and mournful.
34. All of the following have been characteristics of typical evangelistic Black preaching
EXCEPT . . .
a.
a rhythmical or chanted quality.
b.
a slow, calm beginning.
c.
a quiet ending.
d.
shouts from people in the congregation.
35. What was the ring shout? What were its characteristics?
36. Why did enslaved Black people like to worship separately from White people?
Manifest Destiny, Hispanics, and Native Americans
37. True or False? In the 19th century, many White Christians believed it was their God-given
destiny to expand the United States across the North American continent.
38. True or False? Spanish missions thrived in the Southwest during the first half of the 19th
century.
39. True or False? In 1833 and 1834, all the lands in California that had been part of missions
were given to Catholic Native Americans.
40. Who are Los Penitentes (also called Los Hermanos) and why have they been important for
Hispanic Catholics in New Mexico and southern Colorado?
41. What are the worship songs of the Penitentes called?
42. All of the following statements are true of Padre Antonio José Martínez EXCEPT which one?
a.
He established the first co-ed school in New Mexico.
b.
He operated New Mexico’s first printing press.
c.
He insisted that parishioners pay their tithing before they could receive any sacraments.
d.
He taught preparatory seminary classes to native New Mexicans who became priests.
43. What biblical story does Las Posadas re-enact? What are the main characteristics of this
ritual?
44. What are the main characteristics of the Feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe?
45. Select the false statement below.
a.
After the Mexican-American War (1848), Anglo-Americans cheated many people of
Mexican heritage out of their land.
b.
After 1848, Hispanics were excluded from well-paying jobs and reduced to poverty in
most places in the Southwest.
c.
After 1848, European-born clergy replaced native-born Hispanic priests and bishops in
many parts of the Southwest.
d.
In the years immediately following 1848, Catholic priests helped Mexican congregants
fight injustice and continue their religious traditions.
46. True or False? Following the Mexican-American War, many Mexican Catholic communities
continued to celebrate their ethnic religious traditions despite efforts to suppress them, which
affirmed and maintained their ethnic religious identity.
47. True or False? Hispanic women often took on key leadership roles in public worship and
devotional practices in nineteenth-century Catholicism.
48. Match the following with their descriptions and be able to identify their significance for
Indigenous Americans: the Indian Removal Act, the 1871 Indian Appropriations Act, the 1868
Treaty of Fort Laramie, the Code of Indian Offenses, and the General Allotment Act of 1887
(Dawes Severalty Act).
49. True or False? Bison (buffalo) were integral to the religions of many Indigenous peoples of
the Great Plains.
50. Why were there only a few hundred buffalo left on the Great Plains by the 1880s?
a.
US soldiers poisoned the buffalo’s drinking water.
b.
Many buffalo starved to death during a really bad winter.
c.
Buffalo were over-hunted by commercial hunters and US soldiers.
d.
All of the above
51. According to the Lakota, what did a Thunder dreamer have to do in order to avoid the
punishment of the Thunder-beings?
a.
tell his parents about the dream
b.
sacrifice a buffalo
c.
enact the Thunder-beings’ ritual(s)
d.
dance during a thunderstorm on top of a high hill or mountain
52. True or False? Black Elk was a well-known medicine man among his people for part of his
life.
53. What was the motto of Captain Richard Pratt, the founder of the Carlisle Indian Industrial
Boarding School?
a.
The only good Indian is a dead Indian.
b.
Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old, he will not depart from it.
c.
Spare the rod and spoil the child.
d.
Kill the Indian and save the man.
54. What was the goal or purpose of the Indian boarding schools?
a.
to keep Native Americans out of White society
b.
to assimilate Native Americans into White society
c.
to help Native Americans revive their traditional cultures
d.
to reform Native American children who had engaged in criminal activities
55. Which of the following is true of the Indian boarding schools?
a.
Students were not allowed to speak their tribal languages.
b.
Students’ Indigenous clothing was taken away from them.
c.
Students were given English names that were often biblical.
d.
All of the above
56. True or False? After attending boarding schools, Indigenous Americans frequently
struggled to fit in with their families and Indigenous cultures.
57. True or False? Physical, sexual, and substance abuse in Native American families and
communities are some of the legacies of the Indian boarding schools.
58. Wovoka drew upon two religious traditions in his development of the Ghost Dance religion.
What were they?
59. The Lakota were taught that if they performed Ghost Dance ceremonies properly, what
would happen?
a.
A new world would come and they would be reunited with their loved ones.
b.
Wild game (including buffalo) would be abundant once again.
c.
The earth would be cleansed of White people.
d.
All of the above
60. True or False? Black Elk joined the Ghost Dance movement because he believed it would
protect him from being killed by White men.
61. The Lakotas’ practice of the Ghost Dance made US authorities anxious and fearful, which
led to what?
a.
the Wounded Knee Massacre
b.
the Fetterman Massacre
c.
the Battle of the Greasy Grass
d.
the Code of Indian Offenses
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62. True or False? Black Elk served as a lay leader in the Roman Catholic Church for much of
his life.