Chapter 3 Practice Questions

Chapter 3 Practice Questions 1. Individual differences are determined by a. Neither genetics nor environment b. Genetics only c. Environment d. Both genetics and environment 2. Intelligence entails a person’s capacity for_____. a. Reasoning b. Problem solving c. Constructive thinking d. Repetition 3. A person’s intelligence a. Can be increased b. Is completely genetic c. Cannot be decreased d. Is completely learned 4. How effective are brain training games at improving cognitive performance? a. The evidence is inconclusive b. The evidence concludes that the games have no effect on intelligence c. The evidence concludes that the games improve cognitive performance d. The evidence concludes that the games improve memory but have no effect on intelligence 5. The combination of stable physical, behavioral and mental characteristics that give individuals their unique identities is called: a. Behavior b. Personality c. IQ d. Intelligence 6. The term ____ is used to collectively describe people’s traits and behaviors that are influenced by genetics and environment. a. Emotional intelligence b. Self-esteem c. Cognitive abilities d. Individual differences 7. Click all of the following statements that are true of liking and fit. a. They are not precise enough to have real value in management b. They are not particularly beneficial for managers c. Most people evaluate a person’s personality by whether or not they like them d. If managers hire people they like, performance will be high 8. An individual’s capacity for constructive thinking, reasoning, and problem solving is called ____. a. Behavior b. Intelligence c. Ability d. Emotion

9. Select the Big Five Personality Dimensions. a. Emotional stability b. Conscientiousness c. Agreeableness d. Extroversion e. Openness to experience f. Level of integrity 10. Which of the following behaviors have been shown by research to improve intelligence? a. Constructive thinking b. Problem solving c. Reasoning d. Emotional displays 11. Select all the leaders who are perceived as introverts. a. Bill Gates b. Mark Zuckerberg c. Barack Obama d. Donald Trump 12. Which statement best describes the results of research on the effectiveness of brain training games? a. The evidence, though not entirely conclusive, suggests the games do improve cognitive performance b. The evidence proves without a doubt that the games improve intelligence c. The evidence proves conclusively that the games have no effect on intelligence d. The evidence is inconclusive, but it suggests that the games are not effective 13. People with proactive personalities a. Decrease that supportiveness of their managers b. Rarely have the determination to see long projects through to completion c. Makes efforts to change and improve things around them d. Tend to keep ideas to themselves unless they are prodded 14. Which of the following are true of personality? a. It is relatively stable across situations b. It is comprised of constantly changing characteristics c. It combines characteristics that give people unique identities d. It results from the interaction of genes and the environment 15. Viewing personality in terms of liking and fit a. Reduces the tenson involved in completing project deadlines b. Is a highly effective way to choose personnel c. Is not an effective perspective for management d. Ensure a team is comprised of the best possible members 16. True or false: A person’s scores on the Big Five reveal a personality as unique as that person’s fingerprint. a. True b. False 17. Which individual differences are universally considered undesirable?

a. It involves a person’s beliefs about personal success b. It can be increased c. It tends to manifest itself in actual performance d. It is unaffected by outside influences 26. Extroversion has been found to ___. a. Be less of an indicator of success than agreeableness b. Have a more positive influence on job performance than conscientiousness c. Predict job performance better than agreeableness d. Decrease success in leadership positions 27. People with low self-esteem a. Agree with positive statements about themselves b. Feel highly capable and accepted c. Deal with a lot of self-doubt d. Disagree with negative statements about themselves 28. Which of the following are true concerning using personality tests in the workplace? a. Testing should be entered with no predetermined idea of what to accomplish until the results are in b. It is helpful to use experts outside the company to help select an appropriate test c. There should be independent research validating the effectiveness of the test d. It is critical to make sure that test is legally sound and does not violate applicants’ rights 29. Which of the following are true concerning the search for employees with the right personality type? a. One personality does not fit all jobs b. Managers should avoid using a contingency approach to hiring c. Employers should try to find a fit for an employee’s personality d. There is no ideal personality profile 30. A relatively stable personality characteristic that describes how much personal responsibility you take for your behavior and its consequences is: a. Leadership b. Self-efficacy c. Locus of control d. Self-esteem 31. Select the components of core self-evaluations. a. Generalized self-efficacy b. Emotional stability c. Self dissonance d. Locus of control e. Self esteem 32. How people feel about their chances of doing something successfully is known as ___. a. Self-esteem b. Self-respect c. Self-efficacy d. Emotional stability

33. Individuals with high levels of ___ tend to be relaxed, secure, unworried and less likely to experience negative emotions under pressure. a. Cognitive dissonance b. Self-esteem c. Emotional stability d. Locus of control 34. A word of caution about using personality tests is to be sure a. To post the results so the employees know how they stack up against one another b. To use properly trained employees to administer tests or analyze results c. The test was created in-house d. The test is supported by research done by vendor itself 35. The two forms of locus of control are a. Public and private b. Traditional and modern c. Internal and external d. Proximal and distal 36. Which shape on a graph best represents the relationship between increasing emotional stability and outcomes? a. A downward-sloping straight line b. A horizontal (flat) line c. An inverted-U d. An upward-sloping straight line 37. A broad personality trait comprised of four narrower and positive individual traits as components is called: a. Locus of control b. Emotional stability c. Generalized self-efficacy d. Core self-evaluations 38. True or false: You must be born with self-efficacy. a. True b. False 39. Select the element of emotional intelligence. a. Social-awareness b. Financial management c. Self-awareness d. Relationship management e. Self-management 40. Which of the following outcomes are associated with higher levels of emotional stability? a. Higher levels of job performance b. Increased likelihood of doing work beyond required job responsibilities c. Increased relaxation d. Increased counterproductive work behaviors 41. Personality testing at the workplace a. Is not constrained by legal considerations once a person becomes an employee

d. Forward-looking 50. Which of the following are true concerning using personality tests in the workplace? a. It is helpful to use experts outside the company to help select an appropriate test b. There should be independent research validating the effectiveness of the test c. Testing should be entered with no predetermined idea of what to accomplish until the results are in d. It is critical to make sure the test is legally sound and does not violate applicants’ rights 51. Rules that dictate which types of emotions are expected and appropriate at a given time are: a. Organizational display b. Counterproductive display c. Display behavior norms d. Emotion display norms 52. Emotional intelligence has been shown to ___. a. Have a weak relationship with conscientiousness b. Be linked with weak social relationships c. Have a strong relationship with cognitive ability d. Be associated with increased well-being and satisfaction 53. Which of the following statements are true about emotions? a. Emotions can change psychological states b. Emotions change very slowly c. Emotions can motivate behavior d. Emotions communicate messages to others 54. The emotion of fear is usually ___. a. Forward-looking b. Backward-looking c. Retrospective d. Current 55. Which statement is true of emotion display norms in an organization? a. They determine which emotions members should show in various situations b. They require members to avoid displaying any emotions during work hours c. They are unwise because they lead to a feeling of mistrust and deceit d. They allow people to openly display their felt emotions without fear of ridicule 56. Which of the following are benefits of high emotional intelligence? a. Ability to apply positive emotions to work b. Increased creativity c. Greater level of teamwork d. Greatly improved cognitive ability 57.