PosPsychFinal

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New Jersey City University *

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Psychology

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Oct 30, 2023

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Positive Psychology 2019 Final Exam Name: ______ ____ DUE DATE: 12/16/19 Fill in the Blank 1. Positive Psychology ______ adopts a more _ optimistic__ perspective on human potential, motives, and capacities. 2. Maslow believed only a few people could reach _ self-actualization _. 3. Eudainonia __ is the Greek word for literally having a good guardian spirit. 4. Positive Psychology seeks to shift some of the focus from _ treatment _ to _ prevention. 5. Two positive individual traits in character strength are wisdom and courage _. 6. Seligman is best known for his theory on _ learned helplessness , but he is also known for his work on _ positive psychology . 7. Dogs in the _ escapable shock group quickly learned to jump to the safe side. 8. Dogs in the _ inescapable shock group learned helplessness. 9. Seligman’s daughter’s name is Nikki . 10. Reactive depression is triggered by traumatic life event . 1

Short Answer 1. Please discuss Martin Seligman’s theory of learned helplessness. How does this theory help to explain depression? A learned helplessness us a feeling or belief by an individual that they are helpless and unable to have any effect or event in their lives so they basially give up. It explains depression because once an individual is depressed they give up everything. They have given up that their bad luck on bad days will get better. 2. Please discuss the concept of direct therapy and how this parallels to treating people. The concept of direct therapy is helping an individual help themselves, giving them special instructions to help them cope with whatever situation they are going through. It parallels to treating people because it encourages depress people get their lives back. To help them get back control of their lives. 3. What are the positive subjective states and how do they help people grow into more functional human beings? Positive subjects states are positive emotions, happiness, statisfaction with life, optimism and hope, sources of energy and confidence. They help people grow into functioning humans because it helps them become more aware of others and their emotions. It helps them understand concept of functioning in society. 2

4. Please discuss the concept the positive institutions. How are they built and how does society benefit from their establishment? Positive instituations develop institutions that cultivate human potential. They are built to provide a positive environment for individuals who do not have stability in their lives. Society beliefs from their establishment by reducing high risk behaviors, promotes a positive work environment and a healthy family. Also it makes communities come together and help each other especially for children. 5. Please discuss why Maslow rejected Freud’s ideas on psychoanalysis. How did this impact Positive Psychology? Maslow rejected Freuds psychoanalysis because Freuds theory was social group control innate aggression, Maslow need for belongingness. Humanistic psychology was two sided positive and negative. It changed positive psychology by resilience, make life worth living, and making people adapt and adjust to life in certain ways. 3

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Essay Questions: Essay questions are a minimum of two pages each and a maximum of three pages double spaced. All essay questions must be answered. Answer all questions! 1. Johnny Jones is a 15 year old Latino male who lives in Jersey City. Johnny’s being raised by his mother who does not have a high school diploma, but works two jobs to keep Johnny and his little brother in a home. All that Johnny knows about his father is that he used to physically assault his mother on a daily basis, he even has vague memories of those incidents. Johnny has been having a difficult time in school and is withdrawing from his friends. By using the technique of directive therapy, how would you help Johnny with this struggle? The concept of direct therapy is helping an individual help themselves, giving them special instructions to help them cope with whatever situation they are going through. It parallels to treating people because it encourages depress people get their lives back. To help them get back control of their lives. I would start by helping Johnny take small steps, have one to one therapy to first understand why he is feeling and why he is withdrawing. Then after a few weeks I would help him to start taking small steps such as two hours a day get out of the house, by being with friends or just going to the park. By using directive therapy I would make him understand he has control of his life and also set him up with groups in positive institutions. Positive institutions help develop and enrich human potential. It also helps create healthy families, unlike Johnny’s whose family life is dysfunctional. By being dysfunctional, positive institutions will help manage the stress of being the man of the house. Positive institutions are responsible to help individual who need a little push, by showing 4

them they have control over their lives. Also they help depressed people get out the house, be around people who have happy emotions and happiness is usually contagious. In conclusion I would use directive therapy to help Johnny help himself. I would explain to him that he has control that even though he is the man of the house he still has the right to be a kid. I would set up him with appointments to have group therapy with other teens his age so he knows he is not alone. I would also want to see his family in therapy so his mother could understand that his son feels this way and is worried. I would also use directive therapy for school to help him get more involved and to get back on track with his grades. 2. Positive Psychology adopts a more optimistic perspective on human potential, motives, and capacities. During this course, we have discussed many examples with regard to these traits. Discuss the major points of Positive Psychology and how this movement can help individuals deal with psychopathology. We study positive psychology because being truly happy regulates feelings and emotion. Being truly happy means all your basic means are met, which research shows that being happy helps you have a successful, healthier, happier longer life. Which leads to the key fundamentals of positive psychology, also known as PERMA. PERMA was designed by Martin Seligman, the five key fundamentals to help reach ones meaning. Each letter stands for Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships(positive), Meaning, and Accomplishments. Positive emotions focus on 5

optimism, being open to view situations from a positive perspective. Engagement focuses on engaging in something that peak’s your interest. Relationships, positive relationships, are important because having a strong positive support system helps you to be happy, helps you get through tough times. Meaning stands for your purpose in life, not just material things, but truly being happy within yourself. Finally, Accomplishments, when you set goals and achievement you get a sense of satisfaction with the completion of your accomplishment, you are happy and pleased with your accomplishments. 3. Freddy Fender lives with his aunt. Both his mother and father were drug addicts. Freddy’s mother passed away when he was young and his father is in prison for life due to a drug- related offense. Freddy’s aunt has a good job and lives in a good neighborhood. She is concerned because recently she found small traces of marijuana in Freddy’s book bag. Please discuss what the risk and protective factors are in Freddy’s life by using Maslow’s Hierarchy (Humanistic Psychology) along with a Positive Psychology approach, how would you treat Freddy? Humanistic psychology emphasizes empathy and stress concepts such as free will and self-actualization. It focuses more on people to fulfill their potential and maximize their well-being. I would treat Freddy by firstly understand whats’ going on, why he needs to smoke. The risk factors of Freddy’s life is that he will fall into the same path his parents went through. That is a risk because that was the only thing he knew since he was young. 6

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He will always be at risk because he s missung both his parens, even though he has his aunt his parents are not with him and that can be traumatic. The protective factors are that he lives with his aunt who can support him with whatever needs he has. His family life is also a protective factor because it promotes a positive institution. He lives in a good neighborhood, which means a good school which is a positive institution as well where it reduces risk behaviors by punishment. A Humanistic approach for Freddy’s case is letting him 7

4. The title of The Short and Tragic Life of Robert Peace reveals its ending. What was it like to read Peace’s life story, knowing how it would end? Was the tragedy present in your mind throughout the reading experience, or were you able to forget it at any point? To read his life story while knowing the end was suspenseful. Even though you knew he was going to die, the life events leading up to his death explained how and why. I felt like things could have gone just a little different because of his environment. I think the main thing Peace’s life was that it is so difficult to break the cycle of Poverty. Even if you are a brilliant person and left your horrible environment for a great opportunity Poverty will always follow. The feeling of never being good enough will always be in the back of the person’s life. Yes, the tragedy was always in the back of mind while reading because the title basically ruined the ending. There was not a way to forget the tragic ending because it is tragic. A brilliant person who had everything basically could not give up what his life was made of. He was intelligent, had a job and support system but because he associated poverty with money he died. This tragic death was on my mind the whole time I was reading because this tragedy will always repeat itself no matter how many great opportunities get offered to you. 8