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4-2 Case Study Milestone Two: Short Paper Mackenzie Connell Southern New Hampshire University

Client Background In this case study, we're focusing on HC, a 16-year-old Korean teenager who has been living in the United States with his mother and brother for the past four years. His mother has expressed concerns about his excessive use of the internet and what she perceives as an addiction to online gaming. According to her, HC spends around 3 to 5 hours gaming on weekdays and up to 13 hours on weekends. Excessive internet gaming falls under the category of behavioral or process addiction, which essentially means engaging in a behavior compulsively to the point where it disrupts normal life and causes significant negative impacts in various areas such as family, work, and social life (Sussman, Lisha, & Griffiths, 2011). Studies suggest that compulsive gaming is becoming increasingly common, particularly among males under the age of 30 (Raugh & Chang, 2006). In the United States, research shows that a large percentage, around 88%, of young people play online video games, with approximately 8.5% of them showing signs of internet game addiction (Vivo, n.d.). Physiological Procedure & Environmental Factors HC engages in his addictive behavior primarily through online internet gaming from his home. Initially hesitant about moving to the US, HC struggled with learning English and adapting to different cultural norms, feeling caught between two cultures. Consequently, he has strained relationships with his father, who remains in Korea, and his brother, both of whom hold

traditional Korean expectations for him. Feeling isolated and disconnected, HC has withdrawn from social interactions, distancing himself from friends and often declining family invitations. His mother, worried about his addictive behavior, frequently encourages him to engage in other activities. Nevertheless, HC finds himself spending a lot of time alone at home. During therapy sessions and different interventions, HC went back and forth between denying he had an issue with being "addicted to computer games" and acknowledging that he wanted to cut back on playing because it was negatively affecting his health and school performance. He believed he could quit if he truly wanted to, attributing the main problem to "managing his boredom." Despite these challenges, there's a sense of optimism because HC has shown a willingness to engage in various interventions and offer input in his journey toward recovery. Addiction Information Since the 2000s, both the internet and online gaming have gained immense popularity in contemporary society (Kuss, 2013). A study conducted in 2012 revealed that approximately one billion individuals engaged in video gaming (Kuss, 2013). Despite the widespread benefits of the internet, internet gaming has emerged as a significant and escalating issue for many individuals (Anthony & Anthony, 2017). Countries like South Korea have recognized internet gaming addiction as a serious public health concern, highlighting worries regarding its numerous adverse effects (Kuss, 2013). Furthermore, nations such as China and the US, where internet usage is

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prevalent, are witnessing an uptick in cases of internet game addiction (Anthony & Anthony, 2017). HC's struggle with internet gaming addiction traces back to his childhood in Korea, where he first started playing at the age of seven. Upon relocating to the US at twelve, HC's gaming habit escalated notably, likely influenced by spending a significant amount of time alone. Addiction can manifest in various forms, with many behavioral scientists and experts suggesting that anything capable of stimulating a person has the potential to become addictive (Alavi et al., 2012). While not tied to a specific substance, the sensations experienced during addictive behaviors closely resemble those of substance addiction (Alavi et al., 2012). Moreover, the physiological and psychological effects of behavioral addiction often mirror those seen in substance addiction (Alavi et al., 2012). Consequences of addiction, including internet gaming addiction, can be severe, ranging from diminished real-life relationships and social difficulties to isolation, depression, and decreased attention span (Kuss, 2013). Other effects may include heightened stress, irritability, aggression, poor coping mechanisms, academic and work-related challenges, and feelings of low self-esteem (Kuss, 2013). Internet gaming addiction can significantly impact a person's behavior and mental processes, with some addicted gamers struggling to differentiate between their online gaming world and reality (Naskar et al., 2016). HC's mother was the one who initially observed and connected his depression and worsening negative demeanor with his excessive internet usage, prompting her to seek professional assistance. His increasing social isolation and withdrawal from social interactions and activities further raised concerns. During therapy sessions, HC confessed to engaging in deceptive behavior while gaming, using offensive language towards others, struggling with authority figures, distancing himself from family relationships, and fixating on achieving perfection within the games he played.

Results In addressing HC's issues, various interventions were employed, including counseling sessions, behavior modification techniques, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and involvement in a 12-step program. Although HC showed some positive response to the treatment, there were instances of resistance and disinterest in continuing with therapy. He struggled with adhering to assigned homework tasks but occasionally showed willingness to explore new activities to replace some of his internet gaming time. During a follow-up appointment two months later, it was noted that HC had been reducing his internet gaming hours and instead spending more time engaging in activities like golfing with his mother. While the long-term effectiveness of the interventions remains uncertain, it was suggested that HC might benefit more from group therapy than from the individual approaches previously attempted. Although HC did not find individual counseling enjoyable, he expressed a preference for group therapy, indicating it could be a potential option for addressing his internet gaming addiction in the future if necessary. For individuals grappling with process addictions like internet gaming addiction, achieving sustained abstinence without long-term professional intervention can be exceedingly challenging (American Addiction Centers, 2019). References Lee, E. J. (2011). A case study of Internet Game Addiction. Journal of Addictions Nursing(Taylor & Francis Ltd), 22(4), 208-213. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.3109/10884602.2011.616609

Alavi, S. S., Ferdosi, M., Jannatifard, F., Eslami, M., Alaghemandan, H., & Setare, M. (2012).Behavioral Addiction versus Substance Addiction: Correspondence of Psychiatric andPsychological Views. International journal of preventive medicine, 3(4), 290-4. Kuss D. J. (2013). Internet gaming addiction: current perspectives. Psychology research andbehavior management, 6, 125-37. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S39476

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