u09_a1 Statistics of Research Project

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Feb 20, 2024

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Running head: Research Project Statistical Information 1 Stephen Scott Research Project Statistical Information Research Methods of Psychology Capella University March, 2020
Research Project Statistical Information 2 Research Project Statistical Information Everyday people are introduced to new and old information. They may see a news article, a social media post, read a book, or hear info about a new topic from another person. Research has shown that the human brain can sometimes be susceptible to creating a false memory after hearing or reading false information from one or more sources. Social media has led to information being spread very quickly and if it is misinformation, it can be damaging to society. One area of study that has a lot of myths and facts surrounding its research is vaccinating children. This paper will discuss the statistical results from a study looking at the effect of misinformation and beliefs about vaccinations. Results For this study, the mean scores of how the participants answered in their presurvey (control) and how they answered in their post survey (treatment) was compared to whether they listened to music or not while reading the myths versus facts about vaccinations slides. The group was gathered using classmates as participants. This led to a smaller sample and is why an independent sample t test was used. The information was imputed into SPSS as shown in figure 1 &figure 2. Group Statistics Participants N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Postsurvey music 3 3.33 2.082 1.202 no music 2 5.00 .000 .000 Presurvey music 3 3.33 1.528 .882 no music 2 5.00 .000 .000 Figure 1
Research Project Statistical Information 3 Independent Samples Test Levine’s Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means F Sig. t df Sig. (2- tailed) Mean Differenc e Std. Error Differenc e 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Postsurvey Equal variances assumed 6.189 .089 -1.074 3 .361 -1.667 1.552 -6.604 3.271 Equal variances not assumed -1.387 2.000 .300 -1.667 1.202 -6.838 3.504 Presurvey Equal variances assumed 4.615 .121 -1.464 3 .239 -1.667 1.139 -5.290 1.957 Equal variances not assumed -1.890 2.000 .199 -1.667 .882 -5.461 2.128 Researchers have found that an independent t-test is useful in comparing the scores of two groups that are made up of the same participants (Salkind, 2017). The comparison is found to be helpful because it shows how the different conditions can affect each group in the experiment. Random sampling was used to assign each member into the control or treatment group using a randomized number list. This helps to increase the validity of the study to ensure it is more representative of the population. The demographics of the population used was all woman who are currently enrolled in an undergraduate program. The study showed that after listening to fast tempo music that one participant was more against vaccinations then when they took their post survey. This shows that the music had an opposite effect from what was expected in the hypothesis. The fast tempo music was supposed to decrease the amount of misinformation remembered after reading the slides, but for one participant it increased it. The scores of the presurvey control showed the participant to be in favor of vaccinations and after the treatment of music was administered with reading slides of myths versus facts the participant was more
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Research Project Statistical Information 4 against vaccinations than at the start of the experiment. In previous studies, researchers found that a fast tempo song can help a person have more energy and for their thinking to be more alert due to their attention and focus on the task being higher (Kamall, & Berry, 2015). Summary and Conclusion In conclusion, misinformation is part of the world we live in. There will be sources of misinformation that a person will deal with daily. Researchers want to find ways to limit the misinformation effect as much as possible. In this study, the hypothesis of listening to music would decrease misinformation gained about immunizations was incorrect. The fast tempo treatment led to more misinformation be retained and showed a difference between answers on the presurvey and the postsurvey. The independent sample t test was a great way to see how the means of the control and treatment groups compared to each other. There were small differences between the means of each group, and this could show that the sample size gathered was to small to represent the population. This study was limited by access to participants and could be improved by having a larger sample that is gather randomly that has more diversity in the demographics. For example, what would the results look like if the sample had men or participants who are not currently enrolled in an undergraduate program.
Research Project Statistical Information 5 References Salkind, N. J. (2017).  Exploring research  (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Kamall, A., & Berry, D. (2015). Effects of music genre and music tempo on false memory formation. Asian Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences . Retrieved From: http://www.ajsc.leena-luna.co.jp/AJSCPDFs/Vol.4(2)/AJSC2015(4.2-06).pdf