DQ 1.1.3

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From a person-centered, trauma-informed lens, the clinician must recognize that the client may exist in a state of hyperarousal where they are biologically influenced to continuously question the intentions and level of threat of the clinician (Herman, 2020; Briere & Scott, 2015). As a result, the clinician should embody self-awareness in building rapport by ensuring presence with the client and their healing journey through receptivity as they walk alongside the client in a non-judgemental way, thus establishing safety in the therapeutic alliance (Grad, 2022). Similar to the therapeutic alliance as a whole, safety must also be intentionally maintained. How can we maintain safety when a therapeutic rupture occurs? Great insights! As you highlighted, when working with a trauma client, maintaining a non-judgmental, safe, and empathetic environment is crucial. Recognizing the importance of therapist validation can also contribute to the client's sense of being heard and understood. Expanding on your thoughts regarding social support, Calhoun et al. (2022) state that a solid social support system offers protective benefits, including reducing the risk of negative psychological outcomes like PTSD, depression, and self- harm. Furthermore, it improves treatment outcomes, leading to a faster reduction in PTSD symptoms and lower rates of recurrence. Additionally, Na et al. (2022) mention that individuals in relationships who have navigated trauma successfully could be a valuable source References: Calhoun, C. D., Stone, K. J., Cobb, A. R., Patterson, M. W., Danielson, C. K., & Bendezú, J. J. (2022). The Role of Social Support in Coping with Psychological Trauma: An Integrated Biopsychosocial Model for Posttraumatic Stress Recovery. The Psychiatric Quarterly, 93(4), 949-970. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-022-10003-w Na, P. J., Tsai, J., Southwick, S. M., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2022). Provision of social support and mental health in U.S. military veterans:Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Research Square (Research Square). https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1374800/v1 the video in the Skills Learning Lab, one thing that stood out to me was the fact that the amygdala is activated when individuals have experienced trauma and it is the amygdala that scans for any perceived threat (MACP Skills Learning Lab, 2020). Keeping this in mind, Dr. Brown highlighted when traumatized clients come into the therapeutic environment, they are scanning their environment for threat (MACP Skills Learning Lab, 2020). Therefore, it is essential to recognize the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship with the client to build the foundation for strong rapport while limiting direct or indirect threat to the client (MACP Skills Learning Lab, 2020). I am a firm believer in treating clients with respect and unconditional positive regard whether they present with relational trauma or not. However, with clients who do present relational trauma, it is even more crucial to be respectful and empathetic while continuously providing a safe and welcoming environment. Additionally, being nonjudgmental, compassionate and empathetically attuning to the client are critically important (Briere & Scott, 2015). Some blocks that I would anticipate when working with

relational trauma clients includes countertransference and being perceived as a threat by my client (Amari & Mahoney, 2022; MACP Skills Learning Lab, 2020). In fact, clients who have experienced a multitude of traumatic experiences are more likely to evoke strong emotions related to countertransference (Amari & Mahoney, 2022). think to some extent, any counsellor who is compassionate and empathetic to their clients will feel counterstrasference on one level or another at times in the therapeutic process. In working with trauma clients there has been some distinguishing between different terms that demonstrates the different feelings and thoughts the counsellors may go through when dealing with trauma clients (Berzoff & Kita, 2010). Countertransference itself has gone through many different definitions, but in todays view, it is seen as a way for the counsellor to empathetically connect with the clients (Berzoff & Kita, 2010). With this being said, as empathy is important attribute to have as a counsellor, we may all feel countertrasference at one point or another. In trauma counsellors, the term compassion fatigue was created to refer to the counsellors constant exposure to client suffering and how it may effect their relation to the client (Berzoff & Kita, 2010). Counsellors experiencing compassion fatigue absorb the negativity and emotional weight off the clients experiences, impacting both their professional and personal lives (Berzoff & Kita, 2010). Both compassion fatigue and countertransference seem like potential experinces for counsellors, however, they can be managed and handled by counsellors through self-awareness and self care. Countertransference can even be beneficial if utilized well by the counsellor. What are some ways countertransference can be beneficial to the therapeutic relationship with a trauma client? Each of you make great points in your posts. Rogers & empathy p 169 shebib Shebib (????) “Empathy is a fundamental building block for the helping relationship and is clearly connected to positive outcomes in counselling” (p.169). Shebib (????) mentions Rogers quote “"To my mind, empathy is in itself a healing agent. it is one of the most potent aspects of therapy, because it releases, it confirms, it brings even the most frightened client into the human race. If a person can be understood, he or she belongs”

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