Pelton_Holly_u05a1_Diagnosis_and_Goal_Setting

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Week 5 Assignment Template Diagnosis and Goal Setting Use this template to develop theory-based interventions for the two clients (one adolescent and one child client) you selected to complete this assignment. Upload a copy of your completed template to the Week 5 assignment area. Provide the information as outlined below: Client Name: Marisa Client Age: 13 Years Old Item Description Determine an appropriate DSM-5 diagnoses. Nonsuicidal self-injury. Due to Marisa’s self-hitting with the absence of suicidal intent, this would be diagnosed as non- suicidal self-injury due to her harsh self-criticism. This behavior is to resolve an interpersonal difficulty or obtain relief from a negative emotion. Positive reinforcement by her mother creates a feeling of self-punishment, which she feels is deserved or is an expression of anger toward herself (First, 2014). Develop a minimum of two appropriate long-term goals. Learn proper self-soothing techniques and Practice tolerance of the present moment. Self-soothing can help with calmness and redirect the mind to something more productive, such as journaling or cognitive restructuring, which reshapes the way one perceives the situation (Syed et al., 2020). Practicing tolerance can enforce inner peace and harmony in an individual's life. Marisa could try to adopt tolerance to understand and monitor her attitudes and behaviors when she feels she requires self-punishment. In a long-term goal, she could change her perspective by changing her perspective to form self-respect (Syed et al., 2020). Develop a minimum of two short-term goals for each identified long-term goal. For the long-term goal stated as the proper self-soothing techniques, have Marisa make a list of what soothes her in stressful times when she feels overwhelmed. Maybe she is picturing a time when she went to the beach, or maybe it's counting down from five when she felt the urge to hit herself ( Jongsma and Bruce, 2014). For the long-term goal of practicing tolerance, meditation techniques can help with feelings of centeredness and perspective. Also, reframing an issue may improve the overall outlook of the situation in that moment ( Khazaie et al,. 2021). 1

Week 5 Assignment Template Item Description Identify a minimum of three current or potential legal issues that may impact the client’s treatment in counseling. Since Marisa is a minor, legal rights and responsibilities are ultimately up to the client's parents or legal guardians to make decisions on their behalf (ACA, 2014). Counselors may inform parents and legal guardians about the roles of the counselor and confidential information of the minor, but legally, counselors can keep confidential information from the parent/guardian as long as the minor is not in imminent harm. Marisa’s mother cannot be told about Marisa’s case unless the counselor fears that she is a threat to herself or others (ACA, 2014). Consent for assessments and evaluations are under informed consent and client rights, stating that legally, the privacy and confidentiality of the counseling session are under professional disclosure. For example, Marisa may refuse to take a stress assessment if she feels like she doesn’t need it (ACA, 2014). Identify a minimum of three current or potential ethical issues that may impact the client’s treatment in counseling. Minors who lack the capacity to give consent or voluntary action in any action that is kept confidential are applicable by ethical standards. According to ethical code A.2.d., Marisa’s choices in the session will remain confidential (ACA, 2014). Counselors work to establish collaborative relationships with parents and guardians when conducting sessions with a minor, according to B.5.b. Marisa’s parents are seeking to feel included with Marisa's consent (ACA, 2014). Clients who are transferred or referred to other counselors or therapists ensure open communication with the client and the new practitioner to better provide optimum care according to ethical code A.11.d. Marisa’s school counselor may be included with Marisa’s case due to the nature of her going to school (ACA, 2014). 2

Week 5 Assignment Template Item Description Support your work with a minimum of four recent (5 years or newer) peer-reviewed journal articles in addition to other academic resources ( DSM-5 , APA code of ethics, et cetera). ACA code of ethics [PDF]. (2014). American Counseling Association. https://www.counseling.org/ First, M. B. (2014). DSM-5 handbook of differential diagnosis. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. Jongsma, A. E., & Bruce, T. J. (2014). The adolescent psychotherapy treatment planner. (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. Syed, S., Kingsbury, M., Bennett, K., Manion, I., & Colman, I. (2020). Adolescents’ knowledge of a peer's non ‐ suicidal self ‐ injury and own non ‐ suicidal self ‐ injury and suicidality. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 142(5), 366- 373. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13229 Khazaie, H., Khazaie, S., Zakiei, A., Dürsteler, K. M., Brühl, A. B., Brand, S., & Sadeghi-Bahmani, D. (2021). When non-suicidal self-injury predicts non-suicidal self-injury and poor sleep- results from a larger cross-sectional and quasi-longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13011. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413011 Client Name: Nathan Client Age: 7 Years Old Item Description Determine an appropriate DSM-5 diagnoses. Autism Spectrum Disorder. Due to Nathan’s lack of social communication and interactions and outbursts, Nathan can be on the Autism spectrum (First, 2014). 3

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Week 5 Assignment Template Item Description Develop a minimum of two appropriate long-term goals. Social objectives would include forming friendships and initiating conversations with others ( Farrell, 2012). Forming friendships is hard for those on the spectrum. This is a great long-term goal for Nathan so that he can feel more at ease at school (Green et al., 2018). Initiating conversations is a long-term goal that can help with friendliness and openness (Green et al., 2018). Develop a minimum of two short-term goals for each identified long-term goal. Short-term goals derived from Nathan’s goal of forming friendships would be managing anxiety levels and practicing mindfulness. When Nathan can manage his anxiety in a public place, he would be better suited for forming friends at school and having a functional life. One way he can manage his anxiety is by identifying what is his triggers exactly. He can do this by writing down what makes him feel uncomfortable mid-conversation. Also, he can practice mindfulness by drawing how he feels when he is angry or upset. This will get him to understand his feelings a little better (Green et al., 2018). Short-term goals from Nathan’s initiating conversations goals would be to practice starting conversations with friendliness and with a greeting. This will help get the conversation going. The next goal would be to practice asking open-ended questions. This can help generate and create flow in a conversation ( Jongsma & Bruce, 2014). Identify a minimum of three current or potential legal issues that may impact the client’s treatment in counseling. Confidentiality is essential to the client, even if the client is an adolescent. Confidentiality can only be broken if the client is in harm to themself or others(ACA, 2014). In Nathan’s case, his parents do not need to know the details of his sessions unless he is a major threat to himself or others. Legally, parents and guardians can collaborate with the counselor with the client's consent (ACA, 2014). If Nathan allows his parents to be included, the counselor can provide them with the information gathered in the session to help better them understand what is going on with Nathan. The knowledge and competency level of the counselor is applied to ethical decision-making under the ethical standards and laws that all decisions are based on the welfare of the client (ACA, 2014). The counselor's primary goal is to help Nathan with his outbursts and his communication difficulties for a healthier and happier life. 4

Week 5 Assignment Template Item Description Identify a minimum of three current or potential ethical issues that may impact the client’s treatment in counseling. A supportive network involvement helps facilitate and create growth in a client's development. Ethical code A.1.d. States that with client consent, positive resources are healthy for the client (ACA, 2014). Nathan can be included in an group for children with autism. This can help him understand it’s not just him feeling this way. The client's welfare is ultimately the counselor's primary responsibility (ACA, 2014). According to ethical code A.1.a. Nathan’s communication and outbursts are the counselor's major concern due to its negative impact on his life. According to A.7.b., confidentiality of the client and the consent of advocacy is essential in the client/counselor relationship (ACA, 2014). If the counselor wanted to talk with the school counselor about Nathan’s communication troubles, the counselor could only do so with Nathan's permission to provide an advocate for autism and communication difficulties in the school. Support your work with a minimum of four recent (5 years or newer) peer- reviewed journal articles in addition to other academic resources ( DSM-5 , APA code of ethics, et cetera). ACA code of ethics . (2014). American Counseling Association. https://www.counseling.org/ Farrell, M. (2012). The effective teacher's guide to autism and communication difficulties: Practical strategies (2nd;2; ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203152881 First, M. B. (2014). DSM-5 handbook of differential diagnosis. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. Green, J., Aldred, C., Charman, T., Le Couteur, A., Emsley, R. A., Grahame, V., Howlin, P., Humphrey, N., Leadbitter, K., McConachie, H., Parr, J. R., Pickles, A., Slonims, V., Taylor, C., & PACT-G Group. (2018). Pediatric autism communication therapy-generalized (PACT-G) against treatment as usual for reducing symptom severity in young children with autism spectrum disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Current Controlled Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine, 19(1), 514-514. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063- 018-2881-3 Jongsma, A. E., & Bruce, T. J. (2014). The adolescent psychotherapy treatment planner. (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. 5

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