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Long-Term Treatment Goals for John: Addressing John's treatment goals involves a comprehensive approach aimed at fostering his mental health and interpersonal well-being. Initially, the focus lies on reducing the symptoms of depression and anger that have significantly impacted John's life. By employing cognitive-behavioral techniques to challenge negative thought patterns and implementing anger management strategies to regulate emotional responses, John can gradually regain a sense of control over his emotions and alleviate feelings of hopelessness and frustration. These efforts are directed towards rejuvenating John's motivation and engagement in daily activities, which have dwindled because of his struggles. Through collaborative goal setting and the conversation of his values and interests, John can rediscover purpose and meaning in his life, fostering a renewed sense of enthusiasm and commitment. Enhancing communication and coping skills serves as a crucial component in strengthening John's relationships and safeguarding against relapsing. Utilizing interpersonal therapy techniques and practicing effective communication strategies, John can foster healthier interactions with his loved ones, thus fostering a supportive environment conducive to his ongoing recovery journey. By equipping John with a diverse array of coping mechanisms and bolstering his interpersonal connections, the therapeutic process aims to empower him to navigate life's challenges with resilience and maintain sustained progress towards his goals. A beneficial interpersonal therapy technique for John could be "Communication Analysis." In this technique, John and the therapist can work together to examine specific interactions or conflicts within his relationships, particularly those with his wife, family members, or colleagues. By analyzing communication patterns, including verbal and nonverbal cues, John gains insight into how his communication style may contribute to misunderstandings or conflicts. Through this process, John can identify unhelpful communication patterns, such as passive-aggressiveness or avoidance, and practice more assertive and effective communication strategies. Communication Analysis helps John recognize how his interpersonal interactions impact his mood and overall well-being, fostering greater awareness and understanding of the connection between his relationships and emotional experiences. Overall, this technique empowers

John to enhance his communication skills, strengthen his relationships, and achieve greater interpersonal satisfaction. Short-Term Treatment Goals for John: In addressing John's short-term treatment goals, the therapeutic focus centers on equipping him with effective coping strategies to navigate the challenges posed by his depressive symptoms and anger outbursts. By collaboratively identifying triggers for these emotional responses, John gains insight into the underlying factors contributing to his distress, thereby facilitating the implementation of tailored self-regulation techniques. Through psychoeducation and experiential exploration, John enhances his awareness of maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors, empowering him to intervene proactively to mitigate their impact. Therapeutic exploration helps explore into the underlying issues fueling John's diminished motivation and self-esteem, highlighting the complex interpersonal experiences he has experienced and also external stressors. By fostering a safe and empathetic therapeutic environment, John is encouraged to confront and process these underlying issues, paving the way for enhanced self-awareness and the cultivation of adaptive coping mechanisms. Through this integrated approach, John gains the necessary tools and insights to effectively manage his emotional responses, thereby fostering resilience and promoting progress towards his treatment goals. Theory-Based Interventions: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) serves as an important intervention in John's treatment plan, aiming to mitigate the distress caused by his depressive symptoms and anger outbursts (Beck, J. S. (2011). By collaboratively challenging negative thought patterns with evidence-based techniques, such as cognitive restructuring, John gains insight into the connection between his thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. John learns to identify distorted thinking patterns and replace them with more rational and constructive alternatives, therefore alleviating feelings of hopelessness and frustration. CBT also equips John with adaptive coping strategies, empowering him to effectively manage stressors and regulate his emotional

responses. As he develops greater understanding over his cognitive and behavioral processes, John experiences enhanced resilience and a renewed sense of confidence in navigating life's challenges. Intervention: Implement cognitive restructuring techniques to help John identify and challenge irrational beliefs contributing to his feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness. Additionally, teach John anger management skills such as deep breathing exercises and assertive communication to regulate emotional reactions (Ginicola, Smith, & Trzaska, 2012). Reality Therapy/Choice Theory Goal: Increase motivation and sense of control by helping John align his behaviors with his core values and personal goals (Robey, Wubbolding, & Malters, 2017). Intervention: Utilize reality therapy techniques, such as exploring John's current choices and their consequences, to enhance his awareness of the impact of his actions on his well-being and relationships. Encourage John to set achievable short-term goals related to self-care and meaningful activities, fostering a sense of accomplishment and empowerment. Supporting Article: Robey et al. (2017) compare reality therapy to Adlerian individual psychology, highlighting the emphasis on choice and responsibility in both approaches. By engaging John in the process of evaluating his choices and identifying alternatives aligned with his values, a therapists can promote interpersonal motivation and facilitate positive behavioral change. Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) Goal:

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Improve communication skills and interpersonal relationships to address feelings of isolation and dissatisfaction in John's marriage and social support network (Sommers-Flanagan & Sommers-Flanagan, 2016). Intervention: Incorporate IPT techniques to explore John's interpersonal conflicts and identify abnormal communication patterns contributing to relationship distress. Facilitate role-playing exercises to practice assertive communication and problem-solving strategies with his wife and other significant others. Supporting Article: Sommers-Flanagan and Sommers-Flanagan (2016) emphasize the effectiveness of IPT in addressing interpersonal difficulties and improving social functioning among individuals experiencing depression. By targeting relational issues and enhancing communication skills, therapists can help John rebuild trust and connection in his relationships, ultimately contributing to his overall well-being. Reference Page: Beck, J. S. (2011). Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Second Edition: Basics and Beyond. The Guilford Press. Ginicola, M. M., Smith, C., & Trzaska, J. (2012). Counseling through images: Using photography to guide the counseling process and achieve treatment goals. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 7(4), 310–329. Robey, P. A., Wubbolding, R. E., & Malters, M. (2017). A comparison of choice theory and reality therapy to Adlerian individual psychology. Journal of Individual Psychology, 73(4), 283–294. Sommers-Flanagan, J., & Sommers-Flanagan, R. (2016). Clinical Interviewing (6th ed.).

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