cf_u07a1_ANOVA

PSYC4700 - Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences u07a1 – ANOVA Complete the following problems within this Word document. (Do not submit other files.) Show your work for problem sets that require calculations. Ensure that your answer to each problem is clearly visible. (You may want to highlight your answer or use a different type color to set it apart.) Submit the document to your instructor by Sunday, 11:59 p.m. central time. Problem Set 7 . 1 : Critical Value Criterion: Explain the relationship between k and power based on calculated k values. Instructions: Read the following and answer the question. Work through the following and write down what you see in the F- table. This will help familiarize you with the table. The F- table. The degrees of freedom for the numerator ( k − 1) are across the columns; the degrees of freedom for the denominator ( N − k ) are across the rows in the table. A separate table is included for a .05 and .01 level of significance. Increasing the levels of the independent variable ( k ): 1. Suppose we have a sample size of 24 participants ( N = 24). Record the critical values given the following values for k : .05 .01 k = 2 k = 4 k = 6 k = 8 4.30 3.10 2.77 2.66 7.94 4.94 4.25 4.03 1

PSYC4700 - Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences 2. As k increases (from 1 to 8), does the critical value increase or decrease? Based on your answer, explain how k is related to power. As k increases, the critical value decreases. Power of a hypothesis test is the probability that the test rejects the null hypothesis. Problem Set 7 . 2 : Interpret ANOVA Results Criterion: Interpret the results of an ANOVA. Instruction: Read the following and answer the question. Data: Life satisfaction among sport coaches.  Drakou, Kambitsis, Charachousou, and Tzetzis (2006) tested differences in life satisfaction among sport coaches. They tested differences by sex, age, marital status, and education. The results of each test in the following table are similar to the way in which the data were given in their article. Indep enden t Varia bles Life Satisfaction M SD F p Sex 0.68 .409 Men 3.99 0.51 Women 3.94 0.49 Age 3.04 .029 20s 3.85 0.42 30s 4.03 0.52 40s 3.97 0.57 50s 4.02 0.50 Marital status 12.4 6 .000 Single 3.85 0.48 Married 4.10 0.50 Divorced 4.00 0.35 Education 0.82 .536 High school 3.92 0.48 Postsecondary 3.85 0.54 University degree 4.00 0.51 Masters 4.00 0.59 1. Which factors were significant at a .05 level of significance? Sex, age, and marital status are significant at a .05 level of significance. 2. State the number of levels for each factor. 2

PSYC4700 - Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences Problem Set 7 . 4 : One-way ANOVA in Excel Criterion: Calculate an ANOVA in Excel. Instructions: Use the data from Problem Set 7.3 to complete the following steps: a. Open Excel to an empty sheet. b. Enter the data from Problem Set 7.3. c. In Row 1 , enter High in cell A1, Moderate in cell B1, and Low in cell C1. d. In the toolbar, click Data Analysis , select Anova: Single Factor, and click OK. e. In Input Range : $A$1:$C$6, put a check next to Labels in First Row , click OK. f. Results will appear in a new sheet to the left, copy and paste the input below. 4

PSYC4700 - Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences Problem Set 7 . 5 : One-way ANOVA Results in APA Style Criterion: Report ANOVA results in APA format. Data: Use the results from Problem Set 7.4. Instructions: Complete the following: a. State the null hypothesis. ___ H0: There is no significant difference in low, moderate, or high levels of stress. b. Report your results in APA format (as you might see them reported in a journal article). F (2,12)= 3.89, p =.212 Problem Set 7.6 : Tukey HSD Test in SPSS Criterion: Calculate post hoc analyses in SPSS. Data: Use SPSS data from Problem Set 7.3. Instructions: Complete the following steps: a. In the Toolbar , click Analyze , select Compare Means , and then select One-Way ANOVA . b. Select Fat then click Arrow to send it over to the Dependent List box. c. Select Stress , then click Arrow to send it over to the Factor box. d. Click Post Hoc and then check the box Tukey . Click Continue . e. Click OK and copy and paste the output to the Word document. Problem Set 7.7 : Tukey HSD Interpretation Criterion: Interpret Tukey HSD results from SPSS output. 5

PSYC4700 - Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences 7

PSYC4700 - Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences Instructions: Identify where significant differences exist at the .05 level between the stress levels. Problem Set 7.8 : Participants and Measures for Your Final Project Criterion: Describe participants and measures used in research project. Instructions: Write one or two paragraphs describing the participants and measures for the data you pulled from GSS. For the participants, include how many participants. For the measures describe the question(s) and answers possible for the variables you pulled. Also include what year(s) for the data you are using. Participants were surveyed and asked how happy or unhappy they considered their life in general these days. This was based on whether they were married, divorced, separated, or have never been married. A total of 9,235 individuals confirmed their marital status from 2016-2021. A total of 1,166 people, in 2018, answered the presented question of their current state of happiness. This was based on four different levels that included very happy, fairly happy, not very happy, and not at all happy. Many cases were inapplicable or missing, which decreased the sample size. 8