SPSS Homework Variability Female Male

PSYC 354 SPSS H OMEWORK : V ARIABILITY T EMPLATE Problem Set 1: The following data are based on numbers taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics surveys from the year 2019 (located as a resource on the assignment page in Canvas), for community, service, social science, and education occupations. They represent the average weekly pay for wage and salary earners measured during 2019 and broken down by gender. Enter these data into a new file containing one grouping variable for gender and one variable for salary. For the Gender variable in column 1, code women as 1 and men as 2 Remember to define these in Value Labels as covered in the presentations. There will be thirteen “1”s and thirteen “2”s (as many participants as in each group) in the Gender column in SPSS. The corresponding earnings will be entered in the Salary column in SPSS. Remember to put your initials within any and all variable names. 1 Women 2 Men 1212 1042 1095 942 579 1015 944 890 896 556 741 664 554 1870 1161 1262 1190 707 1423 1108 1155 501 1694 953 890 671 1. Using the data in the table above, set up your data file in SPSS and create one table of Descriptive Statistics using the “Explore” function that shows descriptives for salary split by group (Women and Men separately). Paste the table here: (8 pts) Case Processing Summary Gender Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Salary_VB G Female 13 100.0% 0 0.0% 13 100.0% Male 13 100.0% 0 0.0% 13 100.0% Descriptives Page 1 of 10

PSYC 354 Gender Statistic Std. Error Salary_VB G Female Mean 856.15 60.429 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 724.49 Upper Bound 987.82 5% Trimmed Mean 853.17 Median 896.00 Variance 47470.974 Std. Deviation 217.878 Minimum 554 Maximum 1212 Range 658 Interquartile Range 407 Skewness -.133 .616 Kurtosis -1.166 1.191 Male Mean 1121.92 108.839 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 884.78 Upper Bound 1359.06 5% Trimmed Mean 1114.86 Median 1155.00 Variance 153997.577 Std. Deviation 392.425 Minimum 501 Maximum 1870 Range 1369 Interquartile Range 544 Skewness .353 .616 Kurtosis -.135 1.191 2. What are the mean and standard deviation of salaries for women? (5 pts) Mean= 856.15 Standard Deviation= 217.878 3. Find the values for skewness in the table. What kind of skew is present for each group? (5 pts) 1= -.133 (Negatively Skewed) 2= .353 (Positively Skewed) Page 2 of 10

PSYC 354 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1.8 0.6 1.4 3.7 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.8 1.8 1.3 2.4 4.6 3.5 2.2 1.4 3.3 1. Using the data in the table above, set up a data file in SPSS and create one table of descriptive statistics using the “Explore” command that is split by “Mindset” group. Paste the table here: (8 pts) Case Processing Summary Mindset_V BG Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Mindset_Spent_ VBG 1.00 9 100.0% 0 0.0% 9 100.0% 2.00 10 100.0% 0 0.0% 10 100.0% Descriptives Mindset_VBG Statistic Std. Error Mindset_Spent_V BG 1.00 Mean 1.5222 .31171 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound .8034 Upper Bound 2.2410 5% Trimmed Mean 1.4525 Median 1.4000 Variance .874 Std. Deviation .93512 Minimum .60 Page 4 of 10

PSYC 354 Maximum 3.70 Range 3.10 Interquartile Range 1.05 Skewness 1.727 .717 Kurtosis 3.787 1.400 2.00 Mean 2.5400 .32530 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 1.8041 Upper Bound 3.2759 5% Trimmed Mean 2.4944 Median 2.3000 Variance 1.058 Std. Deviation 1.02870 Minimum 1.30 Maximum 4.60 Range 3.30 Interquartile Range 1.65 Skewness .786 .687 Kurtosis .260 1.334 2. Compare the means of the two groups. Which group worked longer on average on the difficult math problem? (4 pts) Group 2 had a longer average work duration, with a mean of 2.5400, compared to Group 1's mean of 1.5222. 3. Using the same data, create a paneled histogram to show the distribution of minutes spent working on the problem in each sample. Paste the histogram here: (7 pts) Page 5 of 10

PSYC 354 SPSS H OMEWORK : V ARIABILITY T EMPLATE Problem Set 1: The following data are based on numbers taken from the Bureau of L Statistics surveys from the year 2019 (located as a resource on the assignment page in for community, service, social science, and education occupations. They represent the weekly pay for wage and salary earners measured during 2019 and broken down by g Enter these data into a new file containing one grouping variable for gender and one v salary. For the Gender variable in column 1, code women as 1 and men as 2 Remember to define these in Value Labels as covered in the presentations. There will be thirteen “1”s and thirteen “2”s (as many participants as in each group) i Gender column in SPSS. The corresponding earnings will be entered in the Salary column in SPSS. Remember to put your initials within any and all variable names. Women Men 1212 1042 1095 942 579 1015 944 890 896 556 741 664 554 1870 1161 1262 1190 707 1423 1108 1155 501 1694 953 890 671 1. Using the data in the table above, set up your data file in SPSS and create one Descriptive Statistics using the “Explore” function that shows descriptives for Page 7 of 10

PSYC 354 4. Based on the histogram and “Explore” table of descriptive statistics, are these distributions symmetrical or skewed? If skewed, what kind of skew is present? Support your answer with the appropriate data. (5 pts) The small skew of .79 indicates a positive skewness in the growth mindset group, whereas the fixed mindset group has a larger positive skew of 1.73. 5. Based on the data, what might the school psychologist conclude about the effect of mindset statements on students’ effort levels in solving difficult math problems? Answer in 2-3 complete sentences. (6 pts) The school psychologist can conclude that a growth mindset can provide more motivation. The psychologist can also conclude that students with a fixed mindset feel less inclined to put in Page 8 of 10

PSYC 354 with a fixed mindset feel less inclined to put in effort due to a former personal evaluation. Regardless, having a growth mindset does not guarantee decreased time spent on complex problems Based on the school psychologist's research, it can be inferred that students who adopt a growth mindset are likely to be more motivated. Students with a fixed mindset may be less inclined to put in effort due to their prior self-assessment. It is crucial to note that the adoption of a growth mindset does not necessarily mean that the time spent on complex problems will be reduced . Page 10 of 10