Lab 13-tue. 1pm sec B

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Jan 9, 2024

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Loudenridge Sundling Lab #13 The Camera Lens-Radiometry Tuesday Am Lab
Objectives: Overall, the primary goals of this lab are to further our understanding of radiometry and the effects that the aperture of a camera lens has on the amount of light that is let through the camera system. Moreover, while the entirety of the course has focused on tracing only one or two rays, it has not incorporated the idea of how much light is let in through the lens system. Consequently, through this lab and the utilization of a light power detector, we are able to calculate the relationship between the diameter of the aperture stop and the amount of light that is let in. Furthermore, we using this experimental procedure, we are able to further our understanding of how the F-stop numbers labelled on the camera lens are correlated to the aperture stop size. Additionally, in order to understand this, we must take into consideration that the amount of light reaching the focal plane (the light power detector) is directly proportional to the area of the aperture stop. Therefore, using this information, we can compare our experimental results to the theoretical results to observe how accurately we followed our experimental procedure. Also, using the theoretical graph and slope that we have found by comparing the diameter of the aperture stop to the normalized amount of light that should be detected by the light power detector, we are able to accurately identify the f/#’s of the unmarked aperture stops on our 70 mm camera lens. Procedure: Before starting our experimental procedure, we must setup a lens system which has a light source with a pre aligned pinhole, a 70 mm focal length lens with the focus ring at infinity and adjust the height and distance of the lens so that it aligns with the collimated beam of light. Then, with all the lights shut off in the room, and the light source turned off, we will measure the output of the amplifier in order to receive a dark reading, which will be subtracted from our data. Furthermore, we will then turn on the light source and begin taking readings of the output of the amplifier as we change the f?#, ensuring to account for all of the F-stop “clicks”. Then, we will process our data by first subtracting the dark reading from each of our data points and the normalizing our data to the value at the smallest F-stop. F/3.4, and then graph our normalized data vs. the increasing f/#’s. Then, we will create a theoretical graph by comparing the normalized y-values to the area of the aperture stops and plot this on the same graph as our experimental data. Moreover, we will curve fit our theoretical and experimental data using the power function on excel and compare how well our experimental data matches the experimental data. Finally, using our theoretical relationship, we will calculate the f/#’s of the unmarked apertures. Summary: Ultimately, this lab allowed us to further our understanding of not only how aperture stops work, but how lens designers have to consider radiometry and control the amount of light that they let into their lens system. Consequently, we have increased our knowledge of how geometrical optics goes hand in hand with physical/wave optics in successfully creating a lens system that works properly.
Data: Q1) Take a reading of the output of the amplifier with NO LIGHT on the detector. This is your dark reading, a number which should be subtracted from your data. 2.100 microwatts (Q2) Take readings of the output of the amplifier, with light through the lens, as you change the F/#. Do this for all of the F-stop "click-settings," including the intermediate unmarked ones. Start at the smallest F-stop (either 3.4 or 3.5 on these lenses). Uknown F#'s (Intermediates) Power(Microwatts) 2 106.23 3 79.2 5 40.85 7 15.62 9 8.42 (Q3) Process your data in the following manner: -- subtract the dark reading from each of your data points -- normalize your data to the value at the smallest F-stop (either 3.4 or 3.5) by dividing all of your output readings by the largest reading, namely the one obtained at the smallest F-stop. dark Readin g reading s of amplifie r f# Normalize d Values Power (Microwatts)f/3 .4 f# Diameter of Aperture Stop Normalize d Values F/3.4 Area of Apertur e stop 2.1 112.52 3. 4 1 110.42 3. 4 20.5882352 9 1 332.911 62.85 5. 6 0.55017207 5. 6 12.5 0.36862244 9 readings of amplifier f# 128.52 3.4 57.16 5.6 29.18 8 11.81 11 5.97 16 4 22
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33.15 8 0.28119905 8 8 8.75 0.180625 19.13 11 0.15422930 6 11 6.36363636 4 0.09553719 9.55 16 0.06746966 1 16 4.375 0.04515625 7.38 22 0.04781742 4 22 3.18181818 2 0.02388429 8 (Q4) & (Q5) Experimental- Blue Theoretical- Orange (Q6) Curve-fit your measured data, and find the corresponding x-values (F/#'s) from the equation predicted by the curve-fit. How well does your curve-fit match the theoretical relationship? Our theoretical curve fit match was very similar to our experimental curve fit match. Moreover, the power of the x-value was extremely similar, but the coefficient in front of the power was off by around 2 points. Consequently, our experimental procedure was reinforced as an accurate predictor of the correlation between light let through the lens and the aperture diameter. (Q7) Use the known theoretical relationship that should describe this curve to predict the corresponding x-values (F/#'s). Using the theoretical relationship, the values of the unknown F#’s are: Uknown F#'s actual values y = 13.872x -2.066 y = 11.56x -2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0 5 10 15 20 25 Normalized Power F# Normalized Power vs F# Series1 Series2 Power (Series1) Power (Series2)
3.753895444 4.33113464 6.030707224 9.752675197 13.28336877