Physics Lab 11 (1)

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Temple University *

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2021

Subject

Physics

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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pdf

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6

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Physics 2021 Group: Kaya Brown and Amelia Maughan Lab 11: Beats and Doppler Effect Goals The goal of this lab is to utilize created and identified beats to gain a better understanding of the concepts of wave superposition and interference. Another goal of this lab is to observe frequency shifts and Doppler shifts to find the speed of an object. In this experiment, the speed of objects and sound will be calculated based on changes to frequency. Procedure In Part I, two loudspeakers were connected to Pasco and the frequency and volume of the speakers was manipulated. The beats produced by the speakers were observed and the theoretical beat frequencies were calculated. Two waveforms were set up to visualize the sound being produced by the speakers using the calculated beat frequencies. The superposition was obtained from the resulting purple wave of the two source waves from the speakers. The beat frequencies were adjusted and the change in sound was observed. The waves were traced and the constructive and destructive interferences were labeled. In Part IIa, on a phone, a tone was generated in phyphox and the frequency was observed. A table and graph were constructed showing frequency versus time for the movement of the phone. In Part IIb, the speakers were set to 1000 Hz and the amplitude was increased. On a phone, “Doppler effect” was selected in phyphox. The speaker sound source was turned on and the phone was moved towards and away from the source. A graph was constructed showing the frequency versus time of the Doppler
shifts. A table was constructed showing the peak frequency shifts and calculated speed from the Doppler equation. Error and Precautions A possible source of error could have been excessive background noise while collecting data for the Doppler effect in phyphox. If there was background noise, such as tones from other experiments or talking, this would change the measured frequency and give false data. Another possible source of error could have been not moving the phone quickly enough towards and away from the sound source to properly produce data for the Doppler effect. Results Figure 1.1 Wave Interference with Frequencies Set at F1 = 480 Hz and F2 = 500 Hz f 1 - f 2 = 480 Hz - 500 Hz = -20 Hz
Figure 1.2 Wave Interference with Frequencies Set at F1 = 280 Hz and F2 = 250 Hz f 1 - f 2 = 280 Hz - 250 Hz = 30 Hz Figure 2: Doppler Effect Frequency vs. Time Doppler Shifts f observed = f source ( ? ± ? 𝑜??𝑒??𝑒? ? ± ? ?𝑜???𝑒 )
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