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Lab Report 2 1 Magnetic Field in a Current Carrying Coil Lab Report Nya Walker

MAGNETIC FIELD LAB REPORT 2 2 Table of Contents Abstract .............................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 3 Data,Calculations, and Graphs ............................................................................................ 4 Results. Error, Analysis, and Conclusions ........................................................................... 6

MAGNETIC FIELD LAB REPORT 2 3 Abstract In this experiment, radial and axial components of a magnetic fields were tested and compared to each other while a sensor is moved through a current carrying coil. The purpose of the experiment is to determine the currents in multiple areas of the coil. We also calculated the bound values/magnetic field. Strength of short and long solenoids. The position is recorded by the a string attached to the magnetic field sensor with a hanging mass. The axial field points in the direction of hte solenoid vertical axis. The radial component of the magnetic field point outward from the center to the walls of the solenoid and beyond. Using a pasco,AC/DC electronic laboratory, PASPORT magnetic field sensor, and a string to test the theory. After the experiment, we observed that the short solenoid equation is better to use to calculate the magnetic field in comparison to the long solenoid equation, we also observed that magnetic fields and current of a solenoid is uniform. Introduction Magentic fields are areas of space that a objects exhibits a magnetic flux. Magentic fields are produced by charges and changing electric field, vector fields are produced by electric currents and include microscopic currents. In this experiment we observe a solenoid, which is a wire that acts as an electromagnet when it is carrying electric current. The magnetic field sensor collects the axial and radial components and direction on the magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field can be positive or negative values which affect the shape of the graph depending on the placement of the sensor. The axial and radial components are perpendicular to each other, the axial component is the field in the vertical direction and the radial component is directed away from the field or surface of solenoid. A solenoid is a cylinder-shaped figure that has a

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MAGNETIC FIELD LAB REPORT 2 4 magnetic field inside a coil and is comopopsed of loops made by a wired, As the number of turns increases, the magnetic fields increases as well. B=µ0 𝑁𝐼𝑅 2/ 2( 𝑥 2 + 𝑅 2 )3/2 In the equation above, B, is defined ad magnetic field, and can be calculated using R, Radius, N, number of turns in wire, μ0, is the permittivity of free space, I , is the current through the current- carrying coil, and x, is the distance from the center of the coil.due to the fact that the posturing of the coil is 0 on the x-axis we use 𝐵 = 𝑢 0 𝑁𝐼/ 2 𝑅 The magnetic field for along solenoid is n turns per unit length and is calculated by B=µ 0 𝑛 Th coil length of of a long solenoid must be longer than its diameter. This so why the long solenoid equation fails and the Magentic field will decrease when the end of the solenoid are reached. The short solenoid does not work for neither equation 1 or 2, but both equations indicate upper bound magnitudes for the magnetic field in the center of the current-carrying coil. Data,Calculations, and Graphs Table 1: Specifications for the short Solenoid Number of Turns 600 turns Radius 1.5 cm Length 2.5cm Table 2: Current through Coil Trial Coil Current (amps) Axial Peak Amplitude (mT) Center 0.846A 18.28277 mT East 0.844A 18.79411 mT West 0.850A 18.91508 mT East Reversed 0.842A -18.76372 mT

MAGNETIC FIELD LAB REPORT 2 5 Table 3: Bound Values Model Magentic Field Strength Short solenoid (equation 1) 5.628E-5 mT Long Solenoid (equation 2) 2.55E-4 mT Long Solenoid B= u 0 nI n=N/L ( 4π x 10 -7 )(240)(0.846) B=2.55E-4 Short Solenoid B=µ0 𝑁𝐼𝑅 2/ 2( 𝑥 2 + 𝑅 2 )3/2

MAGNETIC FIELD LAB REPORT 2 6 Results. Error, Analysis, and Conclusions Based on the data and observations from the experiment, there is a direct relationship between number of turns, current, and Magentic field of a solenoid. Each trial the yielde current was constant, which validates the theory of magnetic fields remains unchange, because the current is independent of the direction of probe. We also obersved that all of the peak amplitude values were consistent except for the east reverse trial. This is because the east reverse direction is opposite of the other trials causing a difference in peak amplitude. The other triad current is counterclockwise, this is observed because the Magentic field is positive and goes ina upward direction. However, the east reversed trial is a clockwise or inverse of the other trials due to the current that changed the direction. Based on the equations, we observed that the long solenoid is closer than the short solenoid. In conclusion, the purpose of the experiment was to observe a axial and radial components of a magnetic field at different probe positions to better understand the relationships within a solenoid. The magnetic field remained uniformed as the current was constant and the probe position was changed. Based on the observations, we concluded that the east revereseed position is opposite of the other trials because it was positions opposite of the other three trials. This data validated the theory of solenoid magnetic field.

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