Lab 5 Report

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Save Phys 1020 Physics Concepts I Names: Section: Date: Phys 1020 Lab Lab 5 Report Activity 2-1: Pushing and Pulling a Cart Prediction 2-1: Suppose you grasp the force probe hook and move the cart forward and backward in front of the motion detector. Do you think that either the velocity or the acceleration graph will look like the force graph? Is either of these motion quantities related to force? (That is to say, if you apply a changing force to the cart, will the velocity or acceleration change in the same way as the force?) (1 point) I don’t think that the velocity graph would look the same as the force graph because the force graph shows how much force it takes to move the object, which includes the friction and whatever other factors it takes in, to move the object. The acceleration would represent that though as well. 2. Print your graphs. (1 point) Question 2-1: Does either graph – velocity or acceleration- resemble the force graph? Which one? Explain how you reached this conclusion. (2 points) I believe that the acceleration graph resembles it because as the acceleration graph goes positive, the force goes positive around the same time, and when the acceleration graph goes negative, the force graph goes negative around the same time as well. 1 Before you leave: 1. Clean up your lab table 2. Shut down computer

Save Phys 1020 Physics Concepts I Question 2-2: Based on your observations, does it appear that there is a mathematical relationship between applied force and velocity, applied force and acceleration, both, or neither? Explain (1 point). I believe that there is between force and acceleration because acceleration is resembling what force is, just in a different way Activity 2-2: Speeding Up Again Prediction 2-2: Suppose that you have a cart with very little friction and you pull this cart with a constant force as shown below on the force-time graph. Sketch, on the axes below, your predictions of the velocity- time and acceleration-time graphs of the cart’s motion. (1 point) Prediction 2-2: Describe in words the predicted shape of the velocity vs. time and acceleration vs. time graphs that you sketched. (1 point) acceleration goes up as the force goes up until it cant accelerate anymore and its constant force is keeping it going, then velocity goes up to show its moving away from the motion detector then back down when it moves in a constant direction away from the motion detector 3 . Record the hanging mass that you decided to use: kg. 2 50 Insert  Shapes menu

Save Phys 1020 Physics Concepts I 8 . Begin graphing. (1 point) Question 2-3: After the cart is moving, is the force that is applied to the cart by the string constant, increasing, or decreasing? Explain based on your graphs. (1 point) it is constant then decreases when the weight hits the floor. Question 2-4: How does the acceleration graph vary in time? Does this agree with you prediction? Does a constant applied force produce a constant acceleration? (2 points) the acceleration goes up as the weight drops then it decreases when it starts to decrease, then when it’s at a steady decrease, it goes back to 0. Constant force does not produce constant acceleration Question 2-5: How does the velocity graph vary in time? Does this agree with your prediction? What kind of change in velocity corresponds to a constant applied force? (2 points) the velocity changes when the weight hits the ground slightly to show that it is slowing down in a direction. the velocity is steady when there is a constant force. this doesn’t agree with my prediction 3

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Save Phys 1020 Physics Concepts I Activity 2-3: Acceleration from Different Forces Prediction 2-3: Suppose you pulled the cart with a force about twice as large as before. What would happen to the acceleration of the cart? (1 point) the acceleration would increase further then it did until it hit the top spead 4. Sketch you graphs on the axes below. (1 point) Table 2-3 (1 point) Average Force (N) Average acceleration (m/s 2 ) Activity 2-2 .5 .30 Activity 2-3 .9 .98 70 kg .6 .59 Question 2-6: How did the force applied to the cart compare to that with the smaller force in Activity 2-2? (1 point) the acceleration and velocity are doubled Question 2-7: How did the acceleration of the cart compare to that caused by the smaller force in Activity 2-2? Did this agree with your predictions? Explain. (1 point) it doubled, and it does agree with my predictions. 4

Save Phys 1020 Physics Concepts I 6. Accelerate the cart with a force roughly midway between the other two forces you applied. Use a hanging mass about midway between those used before. Record the mass: kg. Activity 2-5: Relationship between Acceleration and Force 3. Print your graph along with the fit equation in the space below. (1 point) Question 2-8: Does there appear to be a simple mathematical relationship between the acceleration of a cart (with fixed mass and negligible friction) and the force applied to the cart (measured by the force probe mounted on the cart)? Write down the equation you found and describe the mathematical relationship in words. (2 points) yes. Y = N, Force is dependent on the amount of weight dropped, smaller weight dropped = smaller force, more weight dropped = bigger force Question 2-9: If you increased the force applied to the cart by a factor of 10, how would you expect the acceleration to change? How would you expect the acceleration-time graph of the cart’s motion to change? Explain based on your graphs. (1 point) I would expect the acceleration to get bigger by 10 times. I would expect the acceleration-time graph to have a bigger positive increase with a bigger de- acceleration when it is slowing down Question 2-10: If you increased the force applied to the cart by a factor of 10, how would you expect the velocity-time graph of the cart’s motion to change? Explain based on your graphs. (1 point) 5 591

Save Phys 1020 Physics Concepts I I would also expect the velocity to be 10 times bigger, then when it slows down, I would expect another bump in positive velocity 6

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