Lab2E-fieldandPotential

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University of Washington *

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Lab 2: Charges, Fields and Potential Lines 1. Play with the simulation (Charges and Fields) and get oriented with all of the different options. This should help you understand the lab better. Activity 1 2. From the box at the bottom of the screen, drag a red +1 nC charge into the middle of the screen. 3. If not already selected: Select ‘Electric Field’. How does the brightness of the arrow relate to the strength of the field? What happens when you check/uncheck ‘Direction only’? Which way do the arrows point for a positive charge? The brighter the arrow the stronger the magnitude of the field. When direction is unchecked, the arrow indicates both the direction and magnitude of the field but when the arrow is checked, it only indicates the direction and not the magnitude. The arrows pointed outward for a positive charge. 4. Drag the red +1 nC charge back into the box at the bottom, and then drag a blue –1 nC charge onto the screen. Which way do the electric field arrows point for a negative charge? The electric field arrows pointed inwards. 5. Click on the yellow Sensor at the bottom and drag it across the electric field. What information do the Sensors show? The sensors show the direction of the EF and its value shows the angles and EF strength at a specific point. 6. What happens to the electric field as you move further from the charges? The EF becomes smaller in magnitude. 7. Take the blue Voltage meter (labeled ‘0.0 V’). What information does the voltmeter give? What information is given when you click on the pencil (you should have a green circle)? What does the green circle represent? (If you’re not sure, move on and come back to this later.) Voltmeter gives the electric potential. When you click the pencil, it shows the value of the voltage. The green circle represents the voltage at a specific point Activity 2 (If you want to reset the screen, click on the orange circle arrow in the bottom right corner. Do this before each activity) 8. How can you make a charge of +2q? How can you make a charge of -3q? Place 3 negative or 2 positive charges on each other to make a charge of +2q or -3q. 9. Determine what charges (magnitude and positive/negative) would give you the electric field lines shown below? (You may need to try different combinations to determine the magnitudes of each charge.)
Put -1nC on the right and +1nC on the left. 10. When you have two opposite but equal magnitude charges along a horizontal line (similar to the picture above), where is the electric field the greatest? Is there ever a point where the field will be zero? It is greatest near the charges. No there is never a point where the EF will be zero. 11. When you have two of the same charges along a horizontal line, where is the electric field the greatest? Is there ever a point where the field will be zero? It is greatest near the charges. Yes there is a point where the EF will be zero when the point between two charges is a null point. 12. Determine what charge/charges (magnitude and positive/negative) would give each the lines of equipotential shown below? (For each situation, turn the ‘Electric Field’ on and off to see how the electric field lines compare to the equipotential lines) a) b) A) +4nC B) -5nC
c) d) C) -2nC and +2nC D) +3nc on both
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