Parallax and Uncertainty Worksheet-1.docx

pdf

School

Clemson University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

1040

Subject

Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

pdf

Pages

Uploaded by ElderKookaburaPerson1026

Parallax and Uncertainty Worksheet These lab activities have evolved over years of use in Clemson University’s Department of Physics and Astronomy general astronomy laboratory. Contributors include Tom Collins, Mark Leising, Neil Miller, Peter Milne, Grant Williams, Donna Mullenax, Jessica Crist, Keith Davis, Amber Porter, Lea Marcotulli, and David Connick. Please direct all questions, complaints, and corrections to David Connick (dconnic@clemson.edu) who is responsible for all errors and omissions. Student Name:_ Olivia Loomis __ Lab Section:__ 1 __ II. Measuring by Hand 1) What is the inherent uncertainty of the ruler provided? (use metric units) The inherent uncertainty of the ruler provided would be half of a millimeter. This equates to 1/20th of a centimeter. It would be ½ of a millimeter because the smallest mark of the ruler is one millimeter. 2) Fill in the table with your handmade measurements for the apparent shift in position of Star A and Star B. Star First Measurement Second Measurement Third Measurement Average of Measurements A 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.4 B 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.433 3) What is the deviation of your measurements from the average? (this is experimental uncertainty) The deviation of my measurements from the average for star A is 0.1cm. The deviation of my measurement from the average for Star B is 0.067cm. 4) Which of your uncertainties is larger (inherent or experimental)? (Denote which method and the value) The experimental uncertainty is larger since the inherent uncertainty is 1/20th of a centimeter or half a militer whereas the experimental uncertainty is 0.1cm and 0.067cm. Both the experimental uncertainties of Star A and B are larger than the inherent uncertainty. 5) Write your answer for the apparent change in position of each star with uncertainty attached.

(Example: 5.2 +/- 0.2 cm) Star A: 5.4 +/- 0.1 cm Star B: 1.433 +/- 0.067 cm 6) When measuring distances in the sky we use units of arcseconds to denote changes in position on the celestial sphere. Using the scale provided for the images determine the conversion factor from centimeters to arcseconds. Conversion factor (arcseconds per cm):: 1.1 arcsecond per cm or 0.9 cm per arcsecond 7) Using the uncertainties in your measurements, determine the range of possible position change by completing the table. Star Min change (cm) Min change (arcseconds) Max change (cm) Max change (arcseconds) A 5.3cm 5.883 5.5cm 6.105 B 1.366cm 1.516 1.5cm 1.665 8) Write the change in position with uncertainty attached in units of arcseconds for each star. Star A: 5.994 +/- 0.111 arcsec Star B: 1.591 +/- 0.0744 arcsec 9) Which star has the larger change in position? Star A has a larger change in position because the change is .111 arcseconds. This is larger than Star B’s change in position which is 0.0744 arcseconds. Star A has a change that is 0.0366 arcseconds greater than Star B. 10) What is the minimum difference in the change in position between the two stars considering the uncertainties in measurements? The minimum difference in the change in position between the two stars considering the uncertainties in measurements is 4.168 arcseconds since the maximum for Star B is 1.665 arcseconds. The minimum for Star A is 5.883 arcseconds.

11) What does the change in position of each star tell you about their distance from the Earth? Which star is closer to the Earth? The change in position of each stars tells us how near or far the star is from Earth since when the parallax is larger, it tells us that the star is closer to Earth and when the parallax is smaller, it is generally further away from Earth. So, what we can tell from this is that Star A is likely closer to Earth because it has a larger change in position than Star B. Furthermore, since the distance is 1 divided by parallax, Star A is 9.009 arcseconds away from Earth while Star B is 13.441 arcseconds away from Earth. 12) Multiplicatively speaking, how much farther away is the more distant star compared to the closer star? Star B is 1.492 times further away from Earth than Star A. (13.441/9.009) III. Uncertainty in Data 13) Calculate the average redshift of Star C. The average redshift of Star C is 215.333 micrometers. 14) What is the uncertainty in the redshift for Star C, state the uncertainty from all sources.(inherent and experimental) The experimental uncertainty for the redshift for Star C is 2.667 micrometers. The inherent uncertainty for the redshift for Star C is half a micrometer. 15) Provide the redshift of Star C with uncertainty. 215.333 +/- 2.667 micrometers. 16) Use the conversion from redshift to radial velocity to find the radial velocity of Star C with uncertainty. (remember you can use maximum and minimum values to carry uncertainty) 305.9887 +/- 3.7898 km/s Min: 302.199 km/s Max: 309.779 km/s 17) Calculate the average redshift for Star D. The average redshift for Star D is 211.667 micrometers. 18) What is the uncertainty in the redshift for Star D, state the uncertainty from all sources. The inherent uncertainty for the redshift for Star D is half a micrometer. The experimental uncertainty for the redshift for Star D is 2.667 micrometers. 19) Provide the redshift of star D with uncertainty. 211.667 +/- 2.667 micrometers

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

20) Use the conversion from redshift to radial velocity to find the radial velocity of Star D with uncertainty. (remember you can use maximum and minimum values to carry uncertainty) 300.779 +/- 3.7898 km/s 21) What is the range of values for radial velocity for Star C? The values ragne from 302.199 km/s to 309.779 km/s. 22) What is the range of values for radial velocity of Star D? The values range from 296.989 km/s to 304.569 km/s. 23) Does this activity support the hypothesis that the radial velocity of stars should decrease as they get farther from the center of a galaxy? (Write at least 3 sentences using the data you collected to justify your answer) Based on my measurements for Star C and Star D, this activity does generally support the hypothesis that the radial velocity of stars should decrease as they get farther from the center of a galaxy. Star C is closer to the center of the galaxy since it is only 30,000 ly away while Star D is 50,000 ly away. For this hypothesis to be correct, the radial velocity of Star C would have to be larger than Star D, which, for the most part, is true. The radial velocity of Star C without considering the uncertainty is larger than Star D since Star C’s is 305.9887 km/s and Star D’s is 300.779 km/s. With uncertainty included, there is an overlap within the ranges of the velocities. Star C’s range is 302.199 km/s to 309.779 km/s and Star D’s range is 296.989 km/s to 304.569 km/s. An overlap means that the velocities could be the same. In this case, it's possible for Star D’s radial velocity to be the same or larger than Star C’s, which would potentially make the hypothesis incorrect.

Related Documents

Electric Field Lab.docx

Lea, Amber - Unit 7 FRQ Reflection.docx

lab4_report (1).docx

Uncertainty Worksheet.pdf

Uncertainty Worksheet (1).docx

Expansion of Universe Worksheet-1.pdf

Isotropic Universe-3.docx

The Sunspot Cycle.docx

PHYS 1410 Exam1.docx

L04 Free Fall.docx

ASTR-1020guide.pdf

Ch. 15 Study Questions Vmartinez.docx

Recommended textbooks for you

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...

Physics

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Cengage Learning

Inquiry into Physics

Physics

ISBN:9781337515863

Author:Ostdiek

Publisher:Cengage

College Physics

Physics

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:OpenStax College

Astronomy

Physics

ISBN:9781938168284

Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff

Publisher:OpenStax

University Physics Volume 3

Physics

ISBN:9781938168185

Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny

Publisher:OpenStax

Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)

Physics

ISBN:9781337399920

Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman

Publisher:Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

Recommended textbooks for you

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Inquiry into Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781337515863
Author:Ostdiek
Publisher:Cengage
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399920
Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher:Cengage Learning