Lab 02 - Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity

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Dec 6, 2023

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Lab 2: Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity Name: _______________________________ _ Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity In this virtual lab activity, we will obtain the free fall acceleration g in a hypothetical planet of mass 6.00 x 10 24 kg and radius 6.00 x 10 6 m called Vulcan using a browser-based simulation. Click on the following link to access the simulation: https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Labs/AccelerationOnPlanetLab/ 1. Click on “Begin”. Click on the “Planet” button (central upper row) and check that the mass and the radius of the planet match the ones written at the beginning of this lab. If there is a discrepancy, change the values until you obtain the mass and radius mentioned above. Click on the “x” (upper right) to close the dialog box with the characteristics of the planet. Click on the buttons “Zoom In” and “Ruler”. Your screen should now look like this: AGB_DallasCollege

Lab 2: Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity 2. Click several times on any part of the ruler scale to move the ball to the lowest possible height , which should be close to 0.39 m (see figure below). Use the bottom of the ball to measure its height always . When using a ruler or a meter stick (or any scale that must be read directly by a person looking at it), we estimate an additional decimal place after the smallest increment in the scale. For example, in the giant ruler we use in this virtual lab, the smallest increment is 0.1 m, so we must estimate a second decimal place. Saying that in the figure below the height of the ball is 0.4 m would be incorrect. A correct height reading would be either 0.39 m or 0.38 m. 3. Read your lowest possible height for the ball and write it in Table 1 as your first height. 4. Click on the “Drop” button and wait for the ball to fall and hit the ground. 5. Click on the velocity versus time graph to zoom-in. In the graph, the initial time t 0 (when the ball is dropped and starts to fall) is the time corresponding to the first data point (dot), when the graph starts to go up, and the final time t 1 (when the ball hits the ground) is the time corresponding to the last data point (dot) in the graph. For example, in the figure below, the initial time is 1.75 s and the final time is 2.63 s ( Remember to estimate the second decimal places !). AGB_DallasCollege

Lab 2: Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity 6. Read the initial time t 0 and the final time t 1 from your graph and write the values in Table 1. Click on the graph to zoom out. Click on the “Reset” button. 7. Calculate the time interval Δt = t 1 – t 0 and write this value in Table 1. 8. Calculate the experimental free fall acceleration g for this planet using the formula g = 2 H ( ∆t ) 2 , where H is the height and Δt is the time interval calculated in step 7. 9. Click on the ruler scale to increase the height of the ball. 10. Read the new height of the ball and write this value in Table 1. 11. Repeat steps 4 to 8 for this new height. 12. Repeat steps 9 to 11 until Table 1 is completed. 13. Calculate the average experimental free fall acceleration g for this planet, and write this value under Table 1, in the space provided for it. AGB_DallasCollege

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Lab 2: Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity Name: _____________________________________ EXPERIMENTAL DATA Table 1 . Height (m) Initial time t 0 (s) Final time t 1 (s) Time interval t 1 -t 0 , Δt (s) Experimental acceleration g (m/s 2 ) Average experimental free fall acceleration g in planet Vulcan: ______________ m/s 2 AGB_DallasCollege

Lab 2: Measuring Acceleration due to Gravity Questions 1 . If the theoretical free fall acceleration g for the hypothetical planet Vulcan is 11.12 m/s 2 , calculate the percent of error of your average experimental free fall acceleration g . Include the steps . 2 . If you throw an object upward (on planet Earth) with an initial speed of 4 m/s at 1.5m above the ground, find: a) the total time of flight for this free fall motion ( include the steps ), b) the final velocity just before touching the ground ( include the steps ), and c) the maximum height with respect to the ground ( include the steps ). AGB_DallasCollege

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