Lab 09 - Gravitation (1)

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Dallas County Community College *

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1415

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Lab 09: Gravitation Name: _______________________________ _ Gravitation In this virtual lab activity, we will obtain an experimental value for the gravitational constant G by measuring the force due to the gravitational force between two objects of known masses. Click on the following link to access the simulation we need for this lab: https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Labs/UniversalGravityLab/ 1. Click on “Begin”. Click on the “Ruler” button (left upper row). 2. Click on the “Object 1” button (upper row) and write down the mass of object 1 above Table 1 in the space provided for it. Click on “Object 1” button again to return to the experimental set up. Repeat this step for object 2. 3. Click several times on the blue arrow pointing toward the left with the “Object2” label on it, until the object on the right (object 2) is almost touching the object on the left (object 1). 4. Read the distance between the centers of the objects and write down this measurement for d in Table 1. Make sure you read the ruler correctly! 5. Click on the “Forces” button (upper row) to read the measured force between the objects and write this value in Newton units in Table 1. Click on the zoomed force sensor instrument to return to the experimental set up. 6. Calculate the experimental value for the gravitational constant G exp using the equation G exp = Fd 2 m 1 m 2 . 7. Click twice on the blue arrow pointing to the right with the “Object2” label on it. 8. Repeat steps 4 to 7 until Table 1 is completed. 9. Calculate the average experimental gravitational constant G ave and write it under Table 1 in the space provided for it. AGB_DallasCollege

Lab 09: Gravitation Name: _____________________________________ EXPERIMENTAL DATA Mass of object 1 m 1 = _____________________ kg Mass of object 2 m 2 = _____________________ kg Table 1 . distance d (m) Force F (N) Experimental gravitational constant G exp ( N  m 2 /kg 2 ) Average experimental gravitational constant G ave : ______________________ N  m 2 /kg 2 AGB_DallasCollege

Lab 09: Gravitation Questions 1 . The accepted value for G is 6.67 × 10 -11 N  m 2 /kg 2 . Calculate the percent of error of your experimental average value G ave relative to the accepted value G . Include the steps. 2 . Google the masses of the Sun and the Earth, and the average Sun-to-Earth distance, and calculate the force between the Sun and the Earth using those values and the accepted value for the gravitational constant. Include the steps. [ F = G m 1 m 2 d 2 ] AGB_DallasCollege

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