Lab 07 - Collisions and Momentum

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Dallas County Community College *

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1415

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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Lab 7: Collisions and Momentum Name: _______________________________ _ In this lab we are going to explore the conservation of linear momentum by studying a collision between two curling stones. Collisions and Momentum 1. Please click on the following link to access the browser-based simulation we need to do this lab activity: https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Labs/CurlingStoneMomentumLab/ 2. Click on “Begin”. Write down the values for the following variables above Table 1: mass of red stone m 1 located above the red stone , mass of yellow stone m 2 located below the yellow stone , initial speed of red stone v 1i located above the red vector between the stones , and vertical separation of centers. Note: These values are different every time you restart this simulation, so make sure you don’t click on the “go back” arrow of your browser or restart the simulation. 3. Since the yellow stone is at rest, its initial speed is zero. The initial velocity of the red stone is completely on +x direction, so write the value for the initial speed of the red stone as your initial value for the x component of its initial velocity v 1iy in Table 1. 4. Calculate the initial momentum of the red stone, which is also the x component of initial total momentum of the system P ix , since the yellow stone is initially at rest: p 1i = p 1ix = P ix = m 1 x v 1i . Write these values in Table 1 and below Table 1 in the spaces provided for them. 5. Click once on the red stone to start the simulation. After the simulation ends, your screen should look like the figure on next page. Write down on Table 1 the final speeds (i.e. magnitude of the final velocities labeled as v1’ and v2’ on the simulation) of the red (v 1f ) and yellow (v 2f ) stones, as well as the angles of their final velocities (θ 1 and θ 2 ), located at the central left region of the screen (see figure on next page). Note: If a stone moves in a direction that lies in the fourth quadrant (like the yellow stone in the figure on the next page), write the angle given as negative . AGB_DallasCollege
Lab 7: Collisions and Momentum 6. Calculate the x and y components of the final velocities for the red and yellow stones using the following equations: v 1fx = v 1f cosθ 1 , v 1fy = v 1f sinθ 1 , v 2fx = v 2f cosθ 2 , and v 2fy = v 2f sinθ 2 . Write these values in Table 1. 7. Calculate the x and y components of the final individual momenta for the red and yellow stones using the following equations: p 1fx = m 1 v 1fx , p 1fy = m 1 v 1fy , p 2fx = m 2 v 2fx , and p 2fy = m 2 v 2fy . Write these values in Table 1. 8. Calculate the x and y components of the final total momentum of the system for both the red and yellow stones using the following equations: P fx = p 1fx + p 2fx , and P fy = p 1fy + p 2fy . Write these values under Table 1 in the spaces provided for them. AGB_DallasCollege
Lab 7: Collisions and Momentum Name: _____________________________________ EXPERIMENTAL DATA Mass of red stone m 1 = ____________ kg Mass of yellow stone m 2 = ____________ kg Initial speed of red stone v 1i = ___________ m/s Vertical separation of centers: = ___________ cm Initial speed of yellow stone v 2i = 0 m/s Table 1 . Quantity Red stone Yellow stone X component of initial velocity (m/s) v 1ix = 0 Y component of initial velocity (m/s) 0 0 X component of initial momentum (kg m/s) p 1ix = 0 Y component of initial momentum (kg m/s) 0 0 Final speed (m/s) v 1f = v 2f = Angle of final velocity (degrees) θ 1 = θ 2 = X component of final velocity (m/s) v 1fx = v 2fx = Y component of final velocity (m/s) v 1fy = v 2fy = X component of final momentum (kg m/s) p 1fx = p 2fx = Y component of final momentum (kg m/s) p 1fy = p 2fy = X component of the initial total momentum of the system P ix = ____________ kg m/s Y component of the initial total momentum of the system P iy = 0 kg m/s X component of the final total momentum of the system P fx = ____________ kg m/s Y component of the final total momentum of the system P fy = ____________ kg m/s AGB_DallasCollege
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Lab 7: Collisions and Momentum Questions 1 . Why should the y component of the final total momentum of the system P fy be zero in this experiment? 2 . Calculate the percent of difference between the absolute values of the x components the initial total momentum of the system P ix and the final total momentum of the system P fx using the equation % Diff . = ( | | P ix | | P fx | | | P ix | + | P fx | ) x 200 and explain your results from the standpoint of the conservation of linear momentum. Include the steps . 3 . Was the collision of the curling stones in this experiment elastic? Explain. AGB_DallasCollege