Week 6 HW
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University of California, Irvine *
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Philosophy
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Apr 3, 2024
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docx
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Uploaded by ChancellorOxide13445
Mackenzie Daly
February 26, 2024
Week 6 Homework
Solomon’s paradox describes the tendency for people to reason more wisely about other people’s problems than their own. One potential explanation for this paradox is that people tend to view others’ problems from a more psychologically distant perspective, whereas they view their own from a psychologically immersed perspective.
For example, imagine two friends, Alex and Morgan, discussing Alex’s relationship problems. Morgan’s distance allows her to see that Alex’s relationship is doomed, so Morgan can offer Alex sage advice on how to proceed with his relationship. Alex’s immersion in his relationship may
lead him to have a hard time reasoning wisely because he may be worried that he will need to find a new apartment if he breaks up with his partner. What if, however, Alex could take a more psychologically distanced perspective when contemplating his relationship problems?
Would Alex exhibit a higher level of wise reasoning, similar to what Morgan could show?
To test this possibility, researchers asked romantically involved participants to think about a situation in which their partner cheated on them (self-condition) or a friend’s partner cheated on their friend (other-condition). Participants were also instructed to take a first-person perspective
(immersed-condition) by using pronouns such as I and me, or a third-person perspective (distanced-condition) by using pronouns such as he and her.
Participants were 120 university students who were involved in monogamous, heterosexual romantic relationships, and participants were randomly assigned to the condition. After contemplating the infidelity scenario described above with the assigned perspective, participants responded to
questions designed to assess wise reasoning.
Please provide brief answers to the following questions:
1.
What variables (i.e., IV/s & DV/s) are relevant to this study? DV: Wise reasoning IV: self-condition; other-conditon; immersed-condition; distanced-condition 2.
What analysis could determine whether levels of wisdom differ significantly between conditions?
One way ANOVA
3.
What would you do to test the typical Solomon’s paradox effect?
Since we know there is already a comparison we want to make (compare the self-
immersed group with the other groups to understand how psychological distance can potentially enhance wise reasoning) and there is empirical support for the Solomon paradox we would use a planned comparison. As stated in Navarro & Foxcroft (2022), “If you do have some theoretical basis for wanting to investigate some comparisons… you’re making “planned comparisons”’.”(353)
4.
Does taking a distance perspective increase wisdom relative to taking an immersed perspective when dealing with one’s own problems? What would you do to find out?
Most likely, taking a distance perspective Increases wisdom/wise reasoning compared to the immersed perspective
. In order to find out we would use a planned comparison test. 5.
You also want to determine whether distancing immersion increases wisdom when contemplating other people’s problems. How would you do this?
Probably see that other immersed condition would be lower in wisdom/wise reasoning compared to distant group. Again run planned comparison test. 6.
Finally, how would you test whether self-distancing eliminates the increased wisdom typically found in reasoning about others?
We would want to see if the self-distancing is significantly different from immersed/other
using a planned comparison test. If wise reasoning decreased when self-distancing there most likely would not be any difference between the groups.
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