Philosophy%20final%20review.pdf

Quiz #22 Nietzsche pp. 1-14 1. In the introduction the translator says that “the topic of the present work is the relation between life and historical knowledge.” What are the two possible outcomes of this knowledge according to what the translator says about Nietzsche? a. Deadly or helpful b. Part of the task of existing or philosophical c. Deadly or philosophical d. Part of the task of existing or deadly e. Deadly or salutary 2. Nietzsche says “There is a degree of doing history and an estimation of it which brings with it a withering and degenerating of life.” Which is the one best interpretation of this quote? a. We should always try to study history as much as possible and get as much formal education as we can so that we can be prepared for the future. b. To estimate what is historical is the job of the historian and requires practice so that it does not become too easy or too hard. c. Good or bad all we learn from history is that everything is relative to those who experience. d. There can be no end point to the amount of learning that will benefit a human life. e. There is a certain amount of historical study or education that is good but if you study too much you will actually live less and this is bad. 3. Nietzsche says that history should be: a. Hated because it is an unnecessary excess. b. Loved because of all that it shows us about human progress. c. Respected because of the difficulty of finding the truth in history. d. Honored because of the accomplishments that it illustrates. e. Ignored because of the failures of the past. 4. Nietzsche states what he thinks is the key to small and great happiness, what is it? a. Philosophical thinking b. The discoveries of science c. Historical knowledge d. Pure religion e. Being able to forget 5. What proposition do the “superhistorical” people accept according to Nietzsche? a. There can be no comparison of the progress of the present over the past b. The past and the present is one and the same c. All things flow in the course of historical understanding d. None can conceive of the lofty heights to which history will take us e. All knowing is historical knowing

Quiz #23 Nietzsche pp.14-22 1. On page 14 Nietzsche gives three groups of two words that explain how history belongs to a person (6 words). Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that history belongs to man? a. Active b. Striving c. Preserves d. Admires e. Suffers f. Contemplates g. Liberation 2. Related to the three groups of words describing how history belongs to a person on page 14 Nietzsche says there are three corresponding “kinds of history; so far as they can be distinguished.” What are the three kinds of history? a. Monumental, antiquarian, philosophical b. Monumental, archaic, critical c. Significant, antiquarian, critical d. Significant, archaic, philosophical e. Monumental, antiquarian, critical 3. Nietzsche says “History belongs above all to the active and powerful man, to him who fights a great fight, who requires models, teachers and comforters and cannot find them among his associates and contemporaries” (p. 14). What does this mean? a. History exists as something which must be preserved and admired. b. Heroes in all generations stand alone as the strive to make the world a better place. c. Not everyone really needs history to be human. d. The greatest among us seek for the greatness in the past because we are not necessarily progressing and inherently better than those who came before. e. None of the above. 4. Nietzsche says, “Here there is always one danger very near: the time will finally come when everything old and past which has not totally been lost sight of will simply be taken as ______________.” Fill in the blank. a. equally venerable b. totally worthless c. absolutely necessary d. confining e. magnificent

2. “Socrates took it to be a malady approaching insanity to imagine that one possesses a virtue when one does not possess it: and certainly such imagination is more dangerous than the opposite delusion of suffering from a shortcoming, from a vice. For through this delusion it is perhaps still possible to become better; the former imagination, however, will daily make a man or an age worse…” (p.32). Which of the following best summarizes this quote? a. The vice of thinking you know what you do not know is worse than any other vice. b. Socrates was insane because he thought knowing what you don’t know is wisdom. c. Applying virtue leads to vice. d. All vicious behavior is the result of some supposed virtue. e. What makes a person better will always make everyone else better as well. 3. What does Nietzsche say is the consequence or purpose of “the whole noisy pseudo-education of our time” (p. 38)? As always, pick the one best answer. a. Making us perfect in every possible way b. Teaching us all of the facts of history so that we can become masters c. Preventing our maturity in order to rule and exploit d. Showing us the wrong way to be e. To wrench us from our belief and bring us down to our true natures 4. Which of the following does Nietzsche state? a. If justice alone rules, then the creative instinct is enfeebled and discouraged b. Objectivity, then, is the key to understanding our relation to truth c. What cannot be known can be understood only through experiments d. To heap up glory for oneself, that is the mission of the superhistorical e. Coming to the end and knowing that it is only the beginning of more and more 5. “The historical sense, if it rules without restraint and unfolds all its implications, uproots the future because it destroys illusions and robs existing things of their atmosphere in which alone they can live”. Which of the following best explains this quote? a. If we study history we should study it deeply and profoundly so that our historical understanding can become perfect insofar as it is capable of situating us in our time. b. If we study history too much and follow the essence of historical understanding too deeply we will not be able to live a full human life. c. If we understand the study of history to be a necessity then we will see that only by a complete study of history can we know its worth. d. If we study history it is impossible to restrain the consequences of what we learn from it. e. A true historical sense is impossible since it would negate human life and thus there would be nobody to study history. Quiz #27: Nietzsche 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the three imperatives Nietzsche gives? a. origin must be understood historically b. philosophical history is dynamic intervention

c. history must dissolve the problem of history d. knowledge must turn its sting against itself e. None of these options 2. Nietzsche says that Ancient Greek culture, unlike modern western culture is an “unhistorical culture.” What does he say is the result of this for ancient Greek culture? a. Bankrupt and immoral, bereft of fulfillment and sanctity. b. Unspeakably rich and full of life. c. Having reached is apotheosis it is sagaciously fulfilled. d. Being unhistorical makes the Greeks vile examples. e. The unhistoricity of Greek culture is complicit with our fascination for them. 3. Nietzsche says “The austere, deeply serious observation concerning the valuelessness of all that has been, concerning the ripeness of the world for judgment has dispersed itself into the skeptical consciousness that at any rate it is good to known all that has been since it is too late to do something better.” Which of the following does NOT relate to this quote? a. There is no hope for humanity b. Religion and a belief in God is wrong c. Cold War paranoia of the mid-20 th century d. Y2K (total collapse due to dates used in all computer programming before 1999) e. Global warming 4. Nietzsche says that “history is a disguised ____________” a. Love b. Theology c. Science d. Philosophy e. Logic Pragmatism Lecture I 1. Who is the author? a. Nietzsche b. Plato c. Kant d. James e. None of the above 2. Which of the following best characterizes the “tender-minded”? a. Philosophical b. Male-dominated c. Rationalism d. Empiricism e. None of the above

4. Which of the following best accords with James’ view of truth? a. The true is a category of goodness b. The true is what is most coherent with all of your other beliefs c. The true is what corresponds to reality d. The true is the good in the way of belief e. The true is what you feel to be right no matter what 5. Which of the following are the dogmas of pragmatism? a. Whatever can be observed is true b. What ever follows rational rules is true c. Only humans are philosophical d. Animals can’t be ethical e. None of the above Pragmatism Lecture III 1. Which of the following does James NOT examine with the pragmatic method? a. Philosophy VS Science b. Substance VS Attribute c. Materialism VS Spiritualism (God or Consciousness) d. Teleology VS Chance e. Free-will VS Determinism 2. According to pragmatism how is design in nature refuted? a. Science b. Atheism c. Biology d. Evolution e. Phrenology 3. “The notion of God, on the other hand, however inferior it may be in clearness to those mathematical notions so current in mechanical philosophy, has at least this practical superiority over them ________” What completes the quote? a. it guarantees an ideal order that shall be permanently preserved b. it can change according to the advancements of human consciousness c. it accommodates all modes of relative understandings whether human or otherwise d. it propounds the fixity of all causal chains in successions of infinite regress e. it opens the mind to the beauty and miracles of existence 4. What does James say is one of the “deepest needs” of humans?

a. Scientific learning b. Philosophical understanding c. Eternal moral order d. Communicative candor e. Linguistic expansion Pragmatism Lecture V 1. James says common sense is comprised of categories built up by humans since our beginning. Which of the following is NOT one of these? a. Things b. Space c. Time d. Ethics e. The real f. The fancied 2. “The scope of the practical control of nature newly put into our hand by scientific ways of thinking vastly exceeds the scope of the old control grounded on common sense. Its rate of increase accelerates so that no one can trace the limit; one may even fear that the being of man may be crushed by his own powers, that his fixed nature as an organism may not prove adequate to stand the strain of the ever increasingly tremendous functions, almost divine creative functions, which his intellect will more and more enable him to wield. He may drown in his wealth like a child in a bath-tub, who has turned on the water and who can not turn it off.” Who does this most sound like? a. Nietzsche b. Plato c. Kierkegaard d. Socrates e. Augustine 3. “In practical talk a [person’s] common sense means ______” Which of the following does NOT fill the blank? a. good judgment b. freedom from excentricity c. gumption d. Logic

b. By your grasp of factual truth c. By your knowledge of the causes of historical events d. By your ability to forget the horrors of history e. By what you actually do 6. Which of the following is NOT one of the three deadly truths? a. Sovereign becoming b. No cardinal difference between humans and animals c. Death is the revelation of man’s rationality and quest for truth through tim e d. The fluidity of all concepts, types and kinds Quiz #28: Nietzsche Sec. 10 pp. 58-64 1. Which of the following is NOT one of the features that “shows the modern character, the character of weak personality” of this book? a. The excess of criticism b. The immaturity of its humanity c. The frequent transition from irony to cynicism d. The frequent transition from pride to skepticism e. The reference to other scholars and philosophers 2. Based section 10 which of the following would Nietzsche most agree with? a. Life is best learned by looking to history b. Life is a craft which is to be learned from the beginning and continuously practiced c. Life is a process that we use science to understand d. Life is horrible because of superstition and falsehoods masquerading as precious truths e. Life is a cauldron of scientific precession that once mastered gives power to some 3. There are two antidotes to a surfeit of history. Which of the following best describes the unhistorical antidote? a. Living without any reference to the past b. Being able to learn the lessons of history and forget its horrors c. Living with and using the forces of irrationality: art and religion d. Trusting your instincts and living always in the moment e. None of the above 4. There are two antidotes to a surfeit of history. Which of the following best describes the superhistorical antidote? a. Living without any reference to the past b. Being able to learn the lessons of history and forget its horrors c. Living with and using the forces of irrationality: art and religion d. Trusting your instincts and living always in the moment e. None of the above

5. Which of the following best explains what Nietzsche says in reference to Plato? a. Plato thought it necessary to the best possible society and government to educate citizens to believe a necessary lie b. Plato thought that there were two worlds, one observable and less real than the transcendent eternal world c. Plato knew that only by remembering could we learn and thus was a proponent of historical education d. Plato could not understand a world of history because he came before Hegel’s philosophy which gives humans our historical sense e. None of the above. The Origin of the Work of Art pp. 17-28 1. According to the “usual view” what is the source of a work of art? a. The material b. The idea c. Aesthetics d. The artist e. Cosmopolitanism 2. According to the “usual view” what makes someone an artist? a. Things b. Cosmopolitanism c. Education d. The work of art e. Ideas 3. “In themselves and in their interrelations artist and work are each of them by virtue of a third thing which is prior to both, namely that which also gives artist and work of art their names.” What is the “third thing”? a. Aesthetics b. Cosmopolitanism c. Art d. Philosophy e. Science 4. Which of the following is NOT one of the three “thing-concepts” that Heidegger examines? a. A thing is formed matter b. A thing is the result of a substance and its attributes or accidents c. A thing is the total of our sensory perceptions of something d. A thing is the combination of an idea with something true The Origin of the Work of Art pp. 29-55

c. Superseded d. Experienced e. Noticed Quiz #35 De Botton 1. What does De Botton say is the “dominant impulse on encountering beauty”? a. To possess it b. To make it c. To love it d. To create it e. None of the above 2. From Ruskin’s interest in beauty and our dominant impulse towards it he came up with FIVE central conclusions. Which of the following is NOT one of these 5 theses about beauty? a. Beauty is a result of complex factors b. Love is the impetus for all our concern with beauty c. Humans have an innate tendency to respond to beauty d. There are many lower expressions of our dominant impulse towards beauty e. The only way to gratify our dominant impulse towards beauty is to understand it f. The most effective way to understand beauty is to describe it in drawing or writing 3. According to Ruskin what is the point of drawing? a. It helps us to be able to create our own beauty b. It opens up the difficulties of the artist for our appreciation c. It has no point since it is only done as a way to pass the time d. It teaches us to see and by really seeing we can understand e. None of the above 4. What is accomplished in us when we draw an object? a. The ability to create beauty b. The understanding that we are unable to fully grasp the reality we observe c. A precise awareness of the objects component parts and particularities d. A mental activity that processes the external sensory information e. None of the above 5. According to Ruskin what are the “twin purposes of art”? a. To help us understand love and contemplate the infinite b. To remind us of god and to sooth our pain at an ugly world c. To draw us towards what is good and keep us from evil d. To make sense of pain and to fathom the sources of beauty e. None of the above