AC #7
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School
Southern Connecticut State University *
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Course
427
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
3
Uploaded by ConstableTiger2044
Reference entry:
Griffiths, R.R., Hurwitz, E.S., Davis, A.K., Johnson, M. W., Jesse, R. (2019). Survey of
subjective "God encounter experiences
": Comparisons among naturally occurring experiences
and those occasioned by the classic psychedelics psilocybin, LSD, ayahuasca, or DMT. PLoS
ONE 14(4)
. Article e0214377.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214377
Important points to take away from this article.
Point #1 Different types of psychedelics can allow people to experience religious and
mystical encounters.
o
There are studies done about how different types of psychedelic drugs help people
who want to experience a special moment reaching a connection with mystical
forces or God even. This type of people usually wants to have a “God encounter”
moment to either change something in their life, or to be guided in the right
direction in life.
Point #2 Psychedelics can fully transform a person.
o
There is enough evidence that shows that people who considered themselves
atheist changed their beliefs after experiencing a mystical encounter. It is
important to add that not every researcher considers that psychedelics induce
people into having an “out of the world experience”.
Disagreed with/Most interesting /Confused by (do at least one of the first two!)
Disagreement point:
o
Something I didn’t really agree with is that for the psychedelic group one of the
results for the study was that their fear for death decreased, but the non-drug
group did not decrease their fear for death.
o
This can be due to the fact that non-drug users are not altering their senses,
feelings or emotions, and still perceive a threat or danger.
Interesting point:
o
Ayahuasca, Psilocybin, DMT, and LSD are some of the drugs people use to
experience an encounter, but it is interesting to know that each drug produces a
different effect (pg. 2).
o
Ayahuasca is considered the one who causes the highest endorsements in people,
and is used by older people, who are not US citizens.
o
Non-drug users experience more vivid encounters, unlike regular user.
Discussion Questions & explanations:
Required question #1:
Do people change their perspective only if the experience is very
meaningful?
o
Answer #1:
I think the experience needs to be deep and meaningful because a
person will be able to see what the change needs to be, in what areas it can help
and how much will improve their life.
The reason why I asked this question is
because I don’t think people who has never done any drugs will be down to try
something like psychedelics because of the multiple taboos it has.
Required question #2:
Can this so call experiences and encounter just be an excuse to
keep getting high?
Answer #2: I do consider that multiple people use the use of psychedelic and other drug
as an excuse, but also as an escape of reality, and instead alter their conscience enough to
imagine and hallucinate what they want.
Opinion:
Keep?
Keep if nothing better? For the love of the green earth, do not use this
article again?
Explain your answer
It was the best article out of the two, I think I got more information and I learned about
the different type of encounters. Keep it!
Reference entry:
Griffiths, R. R., Johnson, M. W., Richards, W. A., Richards, B. D., Jesse, R., MacLean, K.
A., ... & Klinedinst, M. A. (2018). Psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience in
combination with meditation and other spiritual practices produces enduring positive changes in
psychological functioning and in trait measures of prosocial attitudes and behaviors.
Journal of
Psychopharmacology, 32(1),
49-69. https://doi.org/10 .1177/0269881117731279
Important points to take away from this article.
Point #1 People who suffer from terminal illness, tend to look for an alternative solution
to feel better.
o
The article was very good at providing results for the usage of Psilocybin in
cancer patients, and it decreased the levels of anxiety and depression. Another
positive effect was that their levels of quality life and persistence went up for
these patients.
Point #2 Positive changes were more visible for some participants
o
Individuals who received the spirituality support along with the psilocybin seem
to have more visible changes, which adds to the theory of spirituality helping as a
coping mechanism.
Disagreed with/Most interesting /Confused by (do at least one of the first two!)
o
I did not like or agree with the fact that the researchers gave the low dosage group
the highest dosage for the last test. I consider that to be taking advantages of the
participants because they were not told the amount of the dosage, which can be
consider unethical for the patients for not fully shared the details of what the
process was going to be (pg. 8).
o
Interesting point:
o
Something interesting abut this research was that the study had community
observers for both groups. This was done so the researchers had data for the
progress the participants had in their community (pg. 12)
o
There was also positive change in mood, attitudes and behavior.
Discussion Questions & explanations:
Required question #1: Can Psychedelic drugs be the answer for those multiple unresolves
going on?
Answer #1:
o
I think every person, whose old enough to understand should be able to try it and
experience a personal moment. It will be different for each person, but not
everyone has the same journey in life.
o
Required question #2:
Should people who struggle with multiple issues be encourage to
try and experience psilocybin?
Answer #2:
o
I think people who struggle should look into what is more beneficial to their
circumstance, for example if it was me, I’ll inform myself and then depending on
the type of issue I’m struggling with, I will try to look for an answer, or at least
enlighten myself on how to continue and not give up.
Opinion:
Keep?
Keep if nothing better? For the love of the green earth, do not use this
article again?
Explain your answer
Not my favorite, it was a too long and hard to keep up with all the graphs and data.
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