Week 1 - Introduction to Ethics

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School

Simon Fraser University *

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Course

309

Subject

Philosophy

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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pdf

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31

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Business, Society, and Ethics WEEK 1 – Introductions and Introduction to Ethics
WELCOME IN!
WEEK 1 2:30 - 3:00pm – Welcome in and introductions 3:00 - 3:25pm – Course outline and deliverables (incl. your discussion posts!) 3:25 - 4:00pm – Lecture / Readings 4:00 - 4:10pm – Break 4:10 - 4:25pm – Groups and introduction 4:30 - 4:45pm – Wrap up and next week
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A bit about me…
Meet your TA… Please email for an appt. Pooja Patel pnp@sfu.ca
And now: YOU!
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And now: YOU! 1. Your concentrations 2. Your hope /wish for this course
Course deliverables, modules, and deadlines: • The syllabus, as stated, is meant to be a living document that evolves alongside our classroom activities and conversations; your needs and desired learning outcomes; and opportunities and constraints • Moreover, your group composition may shift this week and next week as your peers join this course from the waitlist and others may drop it
Course arc: 06/27: “Ethics in Action” – ethics applied exam 07/11: Stakeholder Assessment 08/02: Self-reflection Paper
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KEY DELIVERABLES:
My aims: • strengthen your critical- and systems-thinking skills • support you in turning towards your own lives and experiences AND help you deepen and broaden a strategic and holistic understanding of and reverence for what is at stake when managers and others must resolve serious conflicts among their responsibilities • encourage reflection, evoke personal perspectives and experiences, and invite self-awareness, self-assessment, compassion for self and others, and inner and outer growth and well-being, especially as it stems from integrity
Housekeeping: • Slides will be posted AFTER class • 24 hour cooling off period • 24 hour response during M-F • Yes, the course is curved L
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Questions?
What does ETHICS even mean?!
ETHICS etymology: • Derived from: • Greek word ethos (character) x Latin word mores (customs) : • together, they combine to define how individuals choose to interact with one another • In philosophy, ethics defines what is good for the individual and for society and establishes the nature of duties that people owe themselves and one another
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ETHICS etymology: • Derived from: • Greek word ethos (character) x Latin word mores (customs) : • together, they combine to define how individuals choose to interact with one another • In philosophy, ethics defines what is good for the individual and for society and establishes the nature of duties that people owe themselves and one another
ETHICS definition: 1. well-founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society , fairness , or specific virtues . a. standards that impose the reasonable obligations to refrain from, for example, rape, stealing, murder, assault, slander, and fraud. Ethical standards also include those that enjoin virtues of honesty, compassion, and loyalty; and b. standards relating to rights, such as the right to life, the right to freedom from injury, and the right to privacy. 2. the study and development of one's ethical standards
BUT… • according to whose standards? • are they set in stone? And what role does context (e.g. time and space) play? … feelings, laws, and social norms can deviate from what is ethical, and there isn’t always a right or wrong, or even one that is clear… So, we’ll also engage in acknowledging and reflecting on our own worldviews, beliefs, values, egos, and biases throughout this course, studying and reviewing and evaluating and applying various conceptual frameworks and cases
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• Chapter 1: Badaracco, J. (1997). “Dirty Hands” In Defining moments: When managers must choose between right and right . Boston: HBS Press. Pages 1-8. • Chapter 2: Badaracco, J. (1997). “Right versus Right” In Defining moments: When managers must choose between right and right . Boston: HBS Press. Pages 9-24. • Elliott, Carl. "Where ethics comes from and what to do about it." Hastings Center Report . 22, no. 4 (1992): 28-35. READINGS:
THE FOUR BASIC ETHICAL TENETS
Basic ethical principles provide a framework for individuals to consider the ethical implications of their decisions. Principles commonly include: (1) Autonomy —we have the right to make our own decisions as long as they do not affect others; (2) Nonmaleficence —we should not make decisions that cause harm to others; (3) Justice —be fair to others, treat them as you would like to be treated; and (4) Fidelity —keep your promises to others; includes integrity, truthfulness, loyalty, and respect. In business, if you can practice these principles, ethical decision making will follow naturally.
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THE FOUR BASIC ETHICAL TESTS
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UTILITARIAN: Greatest good for greatest number of people FAMILY: Explaining decision to family NEWSPAPER: Reading on front page of news MENTOR TEST: What would someone you admire do?
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BASIC EVALUATION FRAMEWORK
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1. Determine what are the ethical implications: a. What is wrong? b. What personal or organizational value is being challenged? c. Does the issue set a precedent? 2.Consider the facts: a. Consider all perspectives and gather information from all sides. b. What information is missing that you need? c. Do guiding documents exist such as HR policy or a code of ethics? 3.Determine all stakeholders who will be affected by your decision a. What are the consequences for each group? Short and long term?
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4. Identify possible alternative solutions: a. What is your ethical standard? i. Ends-based thinking: do what’s best for the greatest number of people—and do the least harm; is it beneficial? Does the good outweigh the harm? Which action would be the best for the most? ii. Rule-based thinking: follow your highest sense of moral principle; what is the right thing to do? iii. Care-based thinking: do what you want others to do to you; that is, follow the Golden Rule.
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5. Evaluate possible alternative solutions: a. Consider your own character and integrity as well as that of the organization. b. Which action will best represent my personal beliefs and values? c. Which action will best represent the organization? Would your decision reflect positively on the organiz d. Is this alternative consistent with the organization’s mission? How will this decision further the mission o organization? e. Which action is truly fair to all stakeholders? f. Is it legal? g. Is this alternative feasible? h. What is the best/worst case scenario? i. Does it pass the four tests ? j. Could your decision serve as a model for others? ( Kant’s categorical imperative ) i. Would you want this to be a norm? ii. What would happen if everyone did this? iii. Are you willing to make this a precedent going forward?
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6. Make the decision and implement it. 7. Assess the impact of your decision and make modifications as needed: a. Was it effective? b. How did it affect stakeholders? à Seek feedback. c. Were there any unanticipated side effects ? d. If you had it to do over again, what would you do differently ? e. Learn and live accordingly from your mistakes.
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GROUP BREAKOUT: Please breakout into your groups to introduce each other; share contact details; In the News
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Next week • The role of business in society | The responsibility of business to society: • A lot of readings, so get started early ! • Due: IN THE NEWS • Teams #1 and #2
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