SAT 07

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Arizona State University *

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101

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Philosophy

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Oct 30, 2023

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All hotels are big. Therefore Taj is big.Now we know the assumption is: Taj is a hotel. To weaken the argument the possible choices can be: 1. 2. (E) Taj can be a mausoleum. (Weakening the assumption) Some hotels may not be big. (Weakening the evidence) Resolve/Explain Questions. These questions present an apparent paradox and ask you to find an argument or explanation which will help resolve the apparent paradox: The right answer ought to offer a cogent explanation for the paradoxical or unexpected situation. Consider the following argument: Gasoline prices went up by 10% yesterday. But the demand, instead of going down, went up by 10%. What will resolve the apparent contradiction? Demand is a function not only of price but also of expectation of future price. If the expectation is that price will go up further possibly the next day, the demand will go up, instead of going down. 29 _ (F) Logical Continuation These questions ask you to find out the logical continuation of a passage. The continuation could be the logical first/last sentence of the passage or the topic of the previous/next paragraph.The strategy here is not to get the flow of the first last sentence only, but of the entire passage. Consider the following passage: There is hydrogen and there is oxygen, and there is chloride of sodium, and the dark blue color is nothing but the reflection of billions of ether vibrations. But have I really to choose between two statements concerning the waves, one of which is valuable and the other not?  . (A) I would choose the metaphysical dimension because it embraces the physical universe as well. . (B) Can we ever bridge the gap?  . (C) The answer has been a grey area for the scientist community.

. (D) On the contrary, both have fundamental value. . (E) The answer can open a can of worms. The question is whether one is valuable and the other is not. The answer is both are valuable. Hence, (D). 6 GOLDEN RULES FOR RC Questions . Translate the questions in your own words, to understand what you are being asked. . Use line references and lead words to help you find the answers. . Answer the questions in your own words before you read answer choices. In this way you can avoid incorrect answer choices by knowing what the answer is before you read any of the choices. . Use Process of Elimination (POE) to get rid of incorrect answer choices. . Eliminate answer choices that have extreme wording (e.g. must, etc.) or violate common sense. . Be careful on Except/Least/Not questions. Correct answer is one that is ‘not’ true, not the one that you can’t decide. Use True/False technique. 30 _ Lecture – IV (Structure of Questions) . (A) Reading Comprehension Multiple-choice Questions – Select One Answer Choice only. Most, but not all, of the RC questions are standard multiple-choice questions, in which you are required to select a single answer choice. Such questions are best answered through the Process of progressive Elimination (POE) . The selection, or rather the rejection, must start from the opposite end of the pole. If you have to find the right answer, you must start with the most wrong option. If, on the other hand, you have to find the wrong answer, you must start by eliminating the most right option. . (B) Reading Comprehension Multiple-choice Questions – Select One or More Answer Choices These questions provide three answer choices and ask you to select all

that are correct; one, two or all three of the answer choices may be correct. To gain credit for these questions, you must select all the correct choices, and only those; there is no credit for partially correct answers. Tips for Answering • Evaluate each answer choice separately on its own merits; when evaluating one choice, do not take the others into account. • A correct answer choice accurately and completely answers the question posed; be careful not to be misled by choices that are only partially true or only partially answer the question.Also, be careful not to pick a choice simply because it is a true statement. • Do not be disturbed if you think all three answer choices are correct, since questions of this type can have up to three correct answer choices. Sample Questions Questions 1 and 2 are based on this passage Reviving the practice of using elements of popular music in classical composition, an approach that had been in hibernation in the United States during the 1960s, composer Philip Glass (born 1937) embraced the ethos of popular music without imitating it. Glass based two symphonies on music by rock musicians David Bowie and Brian Eno, but the symphonies’ sound is distinctively his. Popular elements do not appear out of place in Glass’s classical music, which from its early days has shared certain harmonies and rhythms with rock music. Yet this use of popular elements has not made Glass a composer of popular music. His music is not a version of popular music packaged to attract classical listeners; it is high art for listeners steeped in rock rather than the classics. • 31 _ Directions: Select only one answer choice. 1. The passage addresses which of the following issues related to Glass’s use of popular elements in his classical compositions?  . (A) How it is regarded by listeners who prefer rock to the classics . (B) How it has affected the commercial success of Glass’s music . (C) Whether it has contributed to a revival of interest among other composers in using popular elements in their compositions . (D) Whether it has had a detrimental effect on Glass’s reputation as a composer of classical music

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. (E) Whether it has caused certain of Glass’s works to be derivative in quality Explanation The passage describes in general terms how Philip Glass uses popular music in his classical compositions and explores how Glass can do this without being imitative. Note that there are no opposing views discussed; the author is simply presenting his or her views. Question 1: One of the important points that the passage makes is that when Glass uses popular elements in his music, the result is very much his own creation (it is “distinctively his”). In other words, the music is far from being derivative. Thus one issue that the passage addresses is the one referred to in answer Choice (E)—it answers it in the negative. The passage does not discuss the impact of Glass’s use of popular elements on listeners, on the commercial success of his music, on other composers or on Glass’s reputation, so none of Choices (A) through (D) is correct. The correct answer is Choice (E). Directions: Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply. 2. The passage suggests that Glass’s work displays which of the following qualities?  . (A) A return to the use of popular music in classical compositions . (B) An attempt to elevate rock music to an artistic status more closely approximating that of classical music . (C) A long-standing tendency to incorporate elements from two apparently disparate musical styles Question 2: To answer this question, it is important to assess each answer choice independently. Since the passage says that Glass revived the use of popular music in classical compositions, answer Choice (A) is clearly correct. On the other hand, the passage also denies that Glass composes popular music or packages it in a way to elevate its status, so answer Choice (B) is incorrect. Finally, since Glass’s style has always mixed elements of rock with classical elements, answer Choice (C) is correct. Thus the correct answer is Choice (A) and Choice (C).