Deductive reasoning is the process of logic from one or more information to acquire a logical conclusion. According to the book, “deductive logic is idealistic reasoning; the argument maker takes the idealistic premise on faith” (Facione, 2016). Inductive logic is empirical reason and is “open to scrutiny and independent confirmation by the whole scientific society” (Facione, 2016).
Deductive
: All Humans are omnivores; I am a human, so I am an omnivore. Logical Strengths of the argument
: All Humans are omnivores; I am a human, so I am a omnivore. "Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing judgments that are insured to pursue
from shared premises"(Prado et al., 2011). It is a deductive because it reveals the facts of the premises and the truth of its conclusion. Humans are indeed omnivores and can consume either plants or meat, making any human including myself an omnivore. Therefore, it is logically
accepted.
Inductive
:
I am Asian and I like rice so all Asian people like rice.
Logical Strengths of the argument:
It is inductive because even if the premises are true, it will not follow that the conclusion is also true. It allows for the conclusion to be false. Just because a select individual or group of individuals of a particular race like a certain food does not mean everyone in that race feels the same.
Does it pass the tests of validity and strength? Explain.
I believe both statements pass the test for truth and strength, even though the inductive argument's conclusion may not be true if it still gives logical evidence. While the deductive argument's main premise expresses a strong belief in the closing premise. Reference:
Facione, P., & Gittens, C. A. (2015). Think critically (3rd Edition) (3rd ed.). Pearson Prado, J., Chadha, A., & Booth, J. R. (2011, May 13). The Brain Network for Deductive Reasoning: A Quantitative Meta-analysis of 28 Neuroimaging Studies. NCBI. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188687/.
