Ethics assignment 4 - Critical Theory and John Rawls
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University of Montana *
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BGEN-220E
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Philosophy
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Feb 20, 2024
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Ethics assignment 4 - Critical Theory and John Rawls
1.
In 4 to 7 sentences, explain the role of critical theory in challenging objectivist views. Critical theory is a way of thinking that looks closely at how societies work and how people in power influence those societies. It's like a tool for understanding why things are the way they are and how they could be better
. To be more specific, it examines underlying power dynamics in the society, social structures, and ideological influences that shape our moral/ethical values. However, the critical theory challenges objectivist views by questioning the common objectivist belief that there are absolute, always-right moral rules that apply to everyone, no matter where they come
from or live. Objectivism asserts that there are fixed and absolute standards of right and wrong that apply to everyone, regardless of their social or cultural context.
2.
In 5 to 8 sentences, explain how Critical Theory would challenge John
Rawls’s theory of ethics and the reasoning Rawls uses to arrive at his conclusion. John Rawls' theory is often referred to as "justice as fairness." Of course this is the simple way of describing it to someone. His book titled “Theory of Justice” is based on the original position, the veil of ignorance, and the principles of equal basic liberties and the difference principle. Critical theory challenges Rawls theory of ethics by their different foundations, focuses, and approaches to addressing
societal issues, and achieving ethical goals. A more specific instance of this can be seen if you compare critical theory to Rawl’s justice principles. Rawl proposes two specific principles of justice: equal basic liberties for all and social and economic inequalities that benefit the least advantaged. While the Critical theory does not have a specific set of justice principles. Instead, it emphasizes the need to examine and challenge existing societal norms and power structures to address social injustices.
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