ETH 321 Week 1 Apply Assignment
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University of North Carolina, Greensboro *
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361
Subject
Philosophy
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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10
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Week 1 Apply Assignment
Finley wants to make as many people happy as possible. He steals from a greedy CEO in order to give money to a large number of poor people. Which philosophy of ethics is applicable?
o
Social Justice Theory
o
Virtue Ethics
o
Kantianism
o
Utilitarianism
Moira is ashamed to discover that her son stole an apple from the cafeteria and gave it to another student who had no lunch. She grounds him from watching TV as punishment. Which philosophy of ethics is applies here?
o
Utilitarianism
o
Kantianism
o
Social Justice Theory
o
Virtue Ethics
Radcliffe is a college business professor with
little education
but extensive experience in business. A treaty negotiating the free trade of educational opportunities was just passed between Canada and the U.S., and it includes a condition that "
all university professors must have at least a master’s degree in order to teach
." Which of the following is true?
o
Radcliffe no longer meets the qualifications to teach.
o
Radcliffe may still teach as long as he only teaches in the U.S.
o
Radcliffe may not be restricted from teaching if his university has no rule concerning the need for a master’s degree.
o
The treaty is only enforceable if it doesn’t conflict with state law in Radcliffe’s state.
Determine which moral standard of social responsibility the business is observing.
Vivian’s company is considering building a huge new department store in a small town. The community argues that the store will disrupt local commerce and harm local business owners. Vivian argues that the store will save money for customers and bring more jobs to the community. Assume both arguments are true.
o
Indeterminable
o
Moral Minimum Standard
o
Corporate Citizenship Moral Standard
o
Profit-Maximizing Moral Standard
o
Stakeholder Theory Moral Standard
Anthony votes in favor of a bill which would prevent people above a certain level of income from being able to purchase subsidized housing. Which philosophy of ethics is applies here?
o
Social Justice Theory
o
Virtue Ethics
o
Utilitarianism
o
Kantianism
Silvia and her brother Clyde make a code of rules they have to follow together. The rules are as follows:
I)
If Silvia bakes a cake, then Clyde can eat as much of it as he wants.
II)
Silvia and Clyde can only go to movies they are both interested in seeing.
III)
Every time Clyde borrows Silvia's car, he must put some gas in it. Silvia must do the same when she borrows Clyde's
motorcycle.
IV)
If Clyde makes a cobbler, Silvia can eat as much of it as she wants.
Which ethical philosophies are represented in these rules?
o
Social justice theory only
o
Kantian ethics only
o
Kantian ethics and utilitarianism
o
Social justice theory and Kantian ethics
Lula thinks that people who discipline their children by spanking should be sent to jail and says she would be glad to go to jail if she was caught spanking her child. Which philosophy of ethics is applicable?
o
Utilitarianism
o
Social Justice Theory
o
Kantianism
o
Virtue Ethics
Nation A makes is illegal for its citizens to own more than one vehicle in order to reduce emissions. Nation A’s neighbor Nation B disagrees with the decision and refuses to enforce it in its own borders but refrains from contesting the decision in court. Which principle of International Law is at play?
o
Act of State Doctrine
o
Comity of Nations
o
Sovereign Immunity
Determine which moral standard of social responsibility the business is observing.
Genie's company is considering building an annex to its main factory. While deciding on the project, the board of directors discusses the impact the the annex would have on the local community, shareholders, company profits, and nearby landowners.
o
Corporate Citizenship Moral Standard
o
Profit-Maximizing Moral Standard
o
Indeterminable
o
Moral Minimum Standard
o
Stakeholder Theory Moral Standard
Determine which moral standard of social responsibility the business is observing.
Earl's company wants to change the material it uses for its products to a
cheaper
, less-durable material. Processing the material causes more waste and the final products will not be as safe for customers, but the company will make more money overall.
o
Corporate Citizenship Moral Standard
o
Indeterminable
o
Profit-Maximizing Moral Standard
o
Stakeholder Theory Moral Standard
o
Moral Minimum Standard
Charlie is summoned for jury duty. While still in the selection process, it is discovered that one of the parties to the case used to be an old friend and neighbor of Charlie's. Which of the following would most likely happen?
o
Charlie would be excluded for cause.
o
Charlie can refuse to serve on the jury.
o
Charlie would be excluded through preemptory challenge.
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o
Charlie would be preserved on the jury since he would have inside information about one of the parties.
Casey is on trial under
criminal
allegations that she engaged in fraudulent behavior at the company she manages. She is worried when the plaintiff alleges that it has "
unambiguous proof
" that Casey is guilty. Which of the following is most likely true?
o
If the plaintiff provides proof only up to the level of "clear and convincing," Casey can still be acquitted.
o
If the plaintiff meets a "clear and convincing" burden of proof, Casey will be found guilty.
o
Casey need not worry about the plaintiff's evidence, since parties tend to boast about the level of proof they can establish any
o
The plaintiff will most likely prove Casey is guilty, since criminal charges only need to meet a prima facie burden of proof.
Which legal school of thought is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 6
Bob: Donut spheres? Glazed happiness? Anyone notice who is not eating donuts right now? Are we about to form a blue-
ribbon commission here?
David: Bob, don't you see what's happening. While we fight over which one of us gets the goodies, our coworkers, who are actually working by the way, are missing out on these delicious chemical donuts. Meanwhile our friend Alison will be
left out of the mix as well as Winfred, who is again in the hospital. What about our custodial and shipping people who are relegated to the basement world? Once again, they will get no goodies, and they are the ones doing the actual work. They aren't even allowed up here in our break room because we don't want their greasy hands on our microwave.
T
he only good reason for rules here is to protect the donut-less among us
. Donut laws are not any good unless they
address the inequalities
that would not otherwise even be considered.
o
Sociological school of thought.
o
Law and economics school of thought.
o
Legal realism school of thought.
o
Command school of thought.
A television producer/director receives the following script designed to celebrate National Donut Day.
As she reads it, it brings to her mind some principles of jurisprudence she learned in her college business law class.
Help her out: Which legal school of thought is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 1
(The scene is a lunchroom or break room. There are at least three round tables visible and perhaps a vending machine, microwave, or refrigerator in the background. Of the three tables, no one is sitting at the center table as the scene opens.)
Karen: (She walks in carrying two big boxes of donuts and places them on the center table.) Allied Chemical just dropped these off to thank us for our work on the "Expressly Hair" project. Have fun. (She is unenthusiast. She shows absolutely no interest in the donuts and quickly leaves. Everyone else, except Alison, immediately stands. Alison is still showing an interest in the goodies but not moving toward them. Joyce immediately positions herself between the donuts and Bob.) Bob: It's a donut festival!
Joyce: (She moves to block and slow him, as if checking him in basketball.) Just wait a second! We have to first establish
the rules.
Bob: Rules, in a donut festival?
Joyce: Yes rules. Last time donuts like these were brought in, Winfred got a broken nose and, once again, Alison didn't get any. We aren't animals. If we don't slow down, someone is going to accidentally eat the cardboard again.
Bob: Oh, no. Here we go. Where's the PowerPoint?
Joyce: There are guidelines in the employee handbook that have been
developed over many years
that detail out exactly what is to be done with these kind of employee gifts. (She opens a thick binder.) Nearly any scenario you can imagine has been detailed out in section 34 (b), including pastries from chemical companies.
Practices and procedures have been set
and we would be smart to follow them.
o
Irrational forces perspective.
o
Historical perspective school of thought.
o
Critical legal studies school of thought.
o
Natural law school of thought.
Adelyn is in a financial dispute with her creditor. She wants to declare bankruptcy because she is finding herself unable to meet the requirements of paying off her debt. Which court that would most likely address this situation?
o
U.S. Tax Court
o
State Small Claims Court
o
U.S. Bankruptcy Court
Sally and Kirk are at odds over the details of a business contract. Neither of them wants to go to court, but they both refuse to make a compromise on the terms they expect from one another. Which of the following would most easily force them to a resolution?
o
Legally-binding arbitration
o
Legally-binding mediation
o
Non-binding arbitration
o
Negotiation
Which legal school of thought is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 2
Bob: Listen, donuts are made to bring joy into our lives and to wake up our glazed faculties. Just let them be distributed according to
unchanging moral principles
of justice. The donuts will distribute themselves according to
natural principles
. We just take what we want and the leftovers will be appreciated by those who enjoy them most. Don't overcomplicate this. Where's the chocolate milk?
o
Critical legal studies school of thought.
o
Irrational forces perspective.
o
Natural law school of thought.
o
Historical perspective school of thought.
The federal government passes a law which targets one specific company even though it does not operate any differently from other local companies. Which law or principle of law is not being properly upheld?
o
Procedural Due Process
o
Equal Protection Laws
o
First Amendment
o
Substantive Due Process
Dixonville has had fundamentally the same demographics, economic system, and social structure for decades. In recent
years these factors have begun to shift, causing many to call for new legislation and legal practices. Shifting the legal structure of Dixonville
in order to account for the changes that are occurring
would be in accordance with the __________ school of jurisprudential thought.
o
Historical
o
Natural Law
o
Irrational Forces
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o
Legal Realism
o
Sociological
Which legal school of thought is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 7
Alison: (She stands during David's speech as if inspired but sits down once Bob starts talking.)
Bob: Right. Power to the people David. Anyone else hungry? (He tries to slowly move to the donuts and Joyce continues to defend them like a point guard.)
Lee: I have an idea that might address all of these issues. What if none of us have any of these donuts but instead we break up into teams and sell them to our coworkers for a profit? Instead of getting one or two donuts, we can stop on our way home and pick up a dozen of them each with our profits. In this case, we
ignore the company stick-in-the-mud book regulations
because, as you can see, we are obviously presented with some
opportunities for a little economic development
. Corporate rules here must bow to
economic opportunity
. If we let our rules block our prosperity, what kind of company will we become?
o
Law and economics school of thought.
o
Command school of thought.
o
Legal realism school of thought.
o
Sociological school of thought.
Sage files a complaint against Isabel, alleging that Isabel is responsible for damages to Sage's property. Isabel thinks the allegations are ridiculous and doesn't bother to respond to the complaint which she has been served. Which of the following is likely true?
o
A court can judge in Sage favor because Isabel is not bargaining in good faith.
o
A court will judge in Isabel's favor if it knows she thinks the charges are ridiculous.
o
A court can judge in Sage's favor because Isabel seems to be constructively admitting to Sage's allegations.
o
A court will not open a case or post a judgment until Isabel chooses to respond.
After a tragic event in which an armed intruder storms into a mall and fatally shoots several people, the city of Belmonte institutes a law that prohibits any form of weapon in public retail establishments. This
reaction
would be an example of following which school of jurisprudential thought?
o
Natural Law
o
Historical
o
Sociological
o
Legal Realism
o
Irrational Forces
The government of Sharonville is deep in debt, and consequently enacts a city ordinance that
requires
citizens to do volunteer work for the city once per week. Such and act would be in accordance with the __________ school of jurisprudential thought.
o
Irrational Forces
o
Legal Realism
o
Law and Economics
o
Sociological
o
Command
Which legal school of thought is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 8
(Just then Calvin, the fit CEO, comes jogging into the room with a water bottle in hand. He spots the donuts and shows his disgust.) Calvin: Why do people inflict such nasty, sugar-coated poison on all of us?! A healthy workplace is a happy workplace. (He takes both boxes of donuts, puts them in a small, dirty, battered trash can and steps on them to squash them down, making them suddenly inedible. He smiles at everyone as if they all agree that he has done them a great service.)
That's my job as CEO
, to help everyone realize a long and happy life! Cheers! (He runs from the room as everyone looks on in stunned silence. After a couple of seconds Bob collapses on the floor next to the garbage can, looking at the destroyed donuts as if they were a long-lost love.)
o
Law and economics school of thought.
o
Command school of thought.
o
Legal realism school of thought.
o
Sociological school of thought.
Which of the following situations would not substantiate proper standing to sue?
o
Tyler wants to sue Kevin after Kevin harms Tyler's sister in a car crash which leaves her sister in a coma.
o
TreesForDays, an environmental activist group, wants to sue a company dumping chemicals into a river in a different state.
o
Aniesha wants to sue her neighbor Robert after she witnessed him steal someone else's car.
o
Calvin wants to sue his sister after finding out she has been taking cash from the cash register at the family business.
Which legal school of thought is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 5
Derek: We need someone we can trust who can divide up the donuts. One set of rules and
what we've done in the past can't always be applied here
. If we had an impartial judge or two in the mix, someone who doesn't like donuts perhaps, they could t
ake into account all of the changing factors
impacting our donut sphere and make up rules that will bring glazed-happiness to all who
they
think need it.
o
Legal realism school of thought.
o
Critical legal studies school of thought.
o
Irrational forces perspective.
o
Sociological school of thought.
Which legal theory is illustrated in this dialogue?
DONUT DAY AT THE OFFICE
Part 3
Joyce: We had a lawsuit filed about this after the pastry rumble of 2017 and there was . . . oh yeah, I remember there were some specific rules that are detailed out in 34 (b), section 4.
Bob: Those stupid rules were just made
right after
Winfred face-planted in the donuts when he slipped trying to get past
Alison. They don't apply here and now. There wouldn't even be donut rules if he'd paid attention to his own big feet.
o
Irrational forces perspective.
o
Natural law school of thought.
o
Historical perspective school of thought.
o
Critical legal studies school of thought.
Which of the following situations would most likely receive a change of venue?
o
A defendant in a case requests a change of venue because the location of the trial is inconveniently far away from the state w
o
A local teacher is taken to court after a video of him beating his students goes viral and is viewed by most people in town..
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o
An employer who is accused of racially-discriminatory practices wants a change of venue when it finds out that the local ven
o
A woman wants a change of venue when it appears that all jurors to the case will be male.
A law which promotes the opportunity for foreign workers to obtain employment, housing, and medical care
regardless of their citizenship status
would likely fall under which school of jurisprudential thought?
o
Sociological
o
Legal Realism
o
Historical
o
Irrational Forces
o
Natural Law
Federico is in a financial dispute. He is trying to collect money for a project he completed, but the debtor does not want to pay the money owed to Federico. Which court that would most likely address this situation?
o
U.S. Bankruptcy Court
o
U.S. Tax Court
o
State Small Claims Court