Session 5 The art science of nursing 2020 Student

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Dav Sr. Public School *

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2020

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Nursing

Date

Nov 24, 2024

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pptx

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30

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The Art and Science of Nursing BN 510502 BN 510502 2021 1
Learning outcomes 1. Compare and contrast the concept of nursing as an art and nursing as a science 2. Identify examples of nursing practice that might be considered ‘art’ 3. Identify examples of nursing practice that might be considered ‘science’ 4. Describe examples of nursing practice that integrate both concepts 5. Discuss the nature of caring in relation to nursing practice BN 510502 2021 2
Art and science of nursing Is nursing an art? Is nursing a science? What do these terms mean? BN 510502 2021 3
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The science of knowing and the art of doing. BN 510502 2021 4 Art and science of nursing
Roles and Stereotype Nurses are selfless devoted angels. Despite the timing of this image, it is an enduring stereotype. (Daly, Speedy & Jackson, 2017 ) BN 510502 2021 5
Roles and Stereotypes • The Nurse is a “lady in waiting” or the doctor’s “right-hand woman”. Nurses are there to provide faithful and obedient service. (Daly et al., 2017) BN 510502 2021 6
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Science of Nursing The science of nursing is the acquisition of theoretical knowledge (Idczak, 2007). BN 510502 2021 7
Science Florence Nightingale was interested in the very practical and organised side of nursing. We know that a lot of her rationale for improving conditions came down to her statistics (Paniagua, 2004). BN 510502 2021 The seventeenth and eighteenth century were considered the “age of reason”. A lot of myths were contradicted by scientific fact (Daly et al, 2017). 8
Nursing as a Science As technology has increased has nursing become more scientific? BN 510502 2021 9
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The Art of Nursing Art in nursing is activities that science cannot explain (Wilson, 2005). BN 510502 2021 10
Art The art of nursing changes as the outcomes are never constant. In science you always get the same outcome if all the variables are the same. BN 510502 2021 11
Art The art of nursing values the uniqueness and diversity of human experience. This understanding requires imagination and insight which does not need scientific justification. BN 510502 2021 12
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Article by Jenner (1997) • The art of nursing: A concept analysis • “The literature reviewed indicated that the art of nursing is the intentional creative use of oneself, based upon skill and expertise, to transmit emotion and meaning to another” (p.10). • What do you think of this statement? BN 510502 2021 13
Intuition/Perception What is intuition or perception? Does the nurse have to have had knowledge of similar circumstances to be able to have a perception? BN 510502 2021 14
Student Activity What is caring? Using concept map provided, identify all activities you individually identify as caring. BN 510502 2021 15
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Student Activity (cont.) Work in pairs and answer the following questions: 1. How do we care? 2. How do you demonstrate caring? 3. How do nurses demonstrate caring? 4. What behaviour demonstrates uncaring behaviour? 5. What are the types of caring? BN 510502 2021 16
Student Activity (cont.) 1. Share ideas with another pair. 2. Feedback ideas from each group BN 510502 2021 17
“Care is the essence of nursing and a distinct, dominant, central and unifying focus” ( Leininger, 1988, p.3). BN 510502 2021 18
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What is caring? Caring : the core of nursing in the human health experience is described as: 1. Intentional acts based on the welfare of another. 2. An affective dimension of nursing in which the nurse experiences a concern. 3. A “mind-set”. 4. Moral imperative, attitudes, beliefs, values and moral basis: the ethics of caring. (Watson, 1988; Swanson,1991,1999; Benner, 2000) BN 510502 2021 19
Caring is! Many nursing theorists have identified caring as the heart of nursing. Nursing is a profession involved and concerned with relationships (Watson, 1988; Swanson,1991,1999; Benner, 2000). “ a nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility ” (Swanson, 1991, p. 162). BN 510502 2021 20
Benefits BN 510502 2021 1. Benefits of caring are expressed as feelings of wellbeing both personally, and professionally. 2. Personal outcomes are reported as feeling important, accomplished, purposeful, aware, integrated, and whole and confirmed. 3. Professional outcomes of caring are enhanced intuition, empathy, clinical judgment, increased capacity. (Swanson, 1999). 21
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Results of Non-caring BN 510502 2021 Consequences for the patient of not caring within the nurse-patient relationship are identified as feeling: • humiliated • out of control • despair • fear and alienation (Swanson, 1999). 22
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When an individual is ill, and in an unfamiliar environment, he/she may feel helpless, isolated, dependent, fearful. BN 510502 2021 23 Think about this!
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Caring Behaviors in Working With Other Members of the Health Care Team OR BN 510502 2021 24
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Reflection • Reflect on your own experience of caring for and being cared for, then using this experience. • How would you now define caring? BN 510502 2021 25
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Discussion Discuss with one other person: 1. Ways you demonstrate care to people in your life. 2. Do you think the way you demonstrate care to family is the same when demonstrating care to patients as a nurse? – Give reasons for your view. 3. Where do you think caring fits in nursing? BN 510502 2021 26
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Feedback Discuss ideas with the whole group. BN 510502 2021 27
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References Benner, P. (2000). The wisdom of caring practice. Nursing Management, 6 (10), 32-37. Blondeau, D. (2002). Nursing art as a practical art: The necessary relationship between nursing art and nursing ethics. Nursing Philosophy, 3 , 252-259. Daly, J., Speedy, S., Jackson, D. (2017). Contexts of nursing (5 th ed.) Elsevier. Dreyfus, H. L., & Dreyfus, S. E. (1986) Mind over machine. The power of human intuitive expertise in the era of the computer. Free Press. Effken, J. (2001). Information basis for expert intuition. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 34 (2), 246-255 . BN 510502 2021 28
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References Idczak, S. (2007). I am a nurse: Nursing students learn the art and science of nursing. Nursing Education Perspectives, 28 (2), 66-71. Jenner, C.A. (1997). The art of nursing: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 32 (4), 5-11. Leininger, M. M. (1988). Care: The essence of nursing and health . Wayne State University. Newman, M. (2003). A world of no boundaries. Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (4), 240-245. Paniague, H. (2004). Can the underlying principles of art be applied to nursing? British Journal of Nursing, 13 (4), 220- 223. BN 510502 2021 29
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References BN 510502 2021 Swanson, K. M. (1991). Empirical development of a middle range theory of caring. Nursing Research , 40 (3), 161-166. Swanson, K. M. (1999).What is known about caring in nursing science: A literary meta-analysis. In A. Hinshaw, S. Feetham, & J. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of clinical nursing research (pp.31-60). Sage. Watson, J. (1988). Nursing: Human science and human care-a theory of nursing. National League for Nursing. Wilson, C. (2005). My definition of nursing. Nursing Forum,40 (3), 116-118 . 30
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