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B) Transwerposition C) Passive transwerport D) Endocytosis E) Pinocytosis Answer: A, C, E Feedback: During absorption, the drug particles in the GI tract are moved into the body fluids via active transwerport, passive transwerport, and pinocytosis. 14. After teaching a group of nursing students about the half-life of a drug, the instructor determines the need for additional teaching when the students identify which of the following as true? Select all that apply: A) Half-life can be decreased in clients with renal disease. B) Half-life can help determine dosing frequency. C) Half-life does not change throughout a client's life. D) Liver disease can increase half-life. E) Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body. Answer: A, C Feedback: Half-life is the measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body, and any difficulty in excreting a drug increases half-life, including liver or kidney disease or advanced age. 15. A nurse is assessing a client after administering a prescribed medication. Which of the following would alert the nurse to suspect that the client is developing anaphylactic shock? Select all that apply. A) Bradycardia B) Hypertension C) Dyspnea D) Urticaria E) Angioedema Answer: C, D, E Feedback: The symptoms of anaphylactic shock are dyspnea, feeling of fullness in the throat, cough, wheezing, extremely low blood pressure, tachycardia (heart rate >100 bpm), palpitations, syncope, cardiac arrest, urticaria, angioedema, pruritus, sweating, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. 16. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a factor that alters drug Feedback in children and infants? Select all that apply. A) Slower gastric emptying B) Greater surface area C) Less protein binding D) Decreased body water content E) Less cutaneous fat Answer: A, B, C, E Feedback: Children and infants are not small adults; therefore, they have altered pharmacokinetics. Factors that alter pharmacokinetics in children include slower gastric emptying, less cutaneous fat, greater surface area, increased body water content, less protein binding, and immature hepatic and renal function. 17. The FDA established a safety information and adverse events reporting program called MedWatch. Which individuals can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts on drugs, devices, or dietary supplements? Select all that apply. A) Physicianswer B) Nurses C) Patients D) Pharmacists E) Caregivers Answer: A, B, C, D, EFeedback: Anyone can access the MedWatch website to obtain safety alerts on drugs, devices, or dietary supplements.

Test babk Page 7 18. A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed medication to a client. The nurse integrates knowledge of which of the following as a possible factor that could influence the drug Feedback? Select all that apply. A) Age B) Polypharmacy C) Weight D) Sex E) Disease Answer: A, B, C, D, E Feedback: Drug Feedback can be influenced by the following factors: age, polypharmacy, weight, sex, disease, and genetics. 19. A nurse is assessing a client and notes that the client has developed swelling of the eyelids and lips after administration of a prescribed medication. The nurse interprets this finding as specifically indicating which of the following? A) Mild allergic reaction B) Anaphylactic shock C) Angioedema D) Drug idiosyncrasy Answer: C Feedback: Angioedema is a type of allergic drug reaction manifested by the collection of fluid in the subcutaneous tissues, most commonly affecting the eyelids, lips, mouth, and throat. Allergic reactions can be manifested by a wide range of signs and symptoms such as itching, rashes, and hives. Anaphylactic shock is a serious allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention. Drug idiosyncrasy describes any unusual or abnormal reaction to a drug, one that is different from the one normally expected. 20. Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)? Select all that apply. A) The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act. B) The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act. C) The act permits general health claims. D) The act permits curative health claims. E) The act defines specific substances as ―dietary supplements.‖ Answer: B, C, E Feedback: The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other natural substances as ―dietary supplements‖ and permits general health claims as long as the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act gives the FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act. Test babk Page 8