PHARMACOLOGY AND THE NURSING PROCESS-59

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Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs 170 Test Bank for Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Authors: Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder | Complete Guide A+ 5. While a patient is receiving antilipemic therapy, the nurse knows to monitor the patient closely for the development of which problem? a. Neutropenia b. Pulmonary problems c. Vitamin C deficiency d. Liver dysfunction CORRECT ANSWER: D Antilipemic drugs may adversely affect liver function; therefore, liver function studies need to be closely monitored. The other options do not reflect problems that may occur with antilipemic drugs. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 6. A patient tells the nurse that he like s to eat large amount s of garlic to help lower his cholesterol levels naturally.‖ The nurse reviews his medication history and notes that which drug has a potential interaction with the garlic? a. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) b. Warfarin (Coumadin) c. Digoxin (Lanoxin) d. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs 171 Test Bank for Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Authors: Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder | Complete Guide A+ CORRECT ANSWER: B When using garlic, it is recommended to avoid any other drugs that may interfere with platelet and clotting function. These drugs include antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs, and aspirin. The other drugs listed do not have known interactions with garlic. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care 7. A patient with coronary artery disease asks the nurse about the good cholester ol‖ laboratory values. The nurse knows that good cholester ol‖ refe rs to which lipids? a. Triglycerides b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) c. Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) d. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) CORRECT ANSWER: D HD L s are re sponsi ble for the recycli ng‖ of cholesterol. HD L s are sometimes referred to as the good lipid (or good cholesterol) because they are believed to be cardioprotective. LDLs are known as the ba d‖ chole ster ol. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Implementation
Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs 172 Test Bank for Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Authors: Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder | Complete Guide A+ MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 8. A patient who has recently started therapy on a statin drug asks the nurse how long it will take until he sees an effect on his serum cholesterol. Which statement would be the nurse‘s best response? a. Blood leve ls return to normal within a we ek of beginning therapy. b. It take s 6 to 8 we ek s to se e a change in cholesterol leve ls. c. It take s at lea st 6 mont hs to se e a change in chole ster ol leve ls.‖ d. You will need to take th is medication for alm ost a year to se e si gnificant result s.‖ CORRECT ANSWER: B The maximum extent to which lipid levels are lowered may not occur until 6 to 8 weeks after the start of therapy. The other responses are incorrect. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 9. The nurse will monitor for myopathy (muscle pain) when a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs? a. Niacin b. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors c. Fibric acid derivatives d. Bile acid sequestrants
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Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs 173 Test Bank for Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Authors: Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder | Complete Guide A+ CORRECT ANSWER: B Myopathy (muscle pain) is a clinically important adverse effect that may occur with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. It may progress to a serious condition known as rhabdomyolysis. Patients receiving statin therapy need to be advised to report any unexplained muscular pain or discomfort to their health care providers immediately. The other drugs and drug classes do not cause muscle pain or myopathy. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 10. When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drug-food interactions, the nurse will discuss which food? a. Oatmeal b. Grapefruit juice c. Licorice d. Dairy products CORRECT ANSWER: B Taking HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors with grapefruit juice may cause complications. Components in grapefruit juice inactivate CYP3A4 in both the liver and intestines. This enzyme plays a key role in statin metabolism. The presence of grapefruit juice in the body may therefore result in sustained levels of unmetabolized statin drug, which increases the risk for major drug toxicity, possibly leading to rhabdomyolysis. The other foods do not interact with these drugs.
Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs 174 Test Bank for Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Authors: Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Julie Snyder | Complete Guide A+ DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 11. The nurse is conducting a class about antilipemic drugs. The antilipemic drug ezetimibe (Zetia) works by which mechanism? a. Inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase b. Preventing resorption of bile acids from the small intestines c. Activating lipase, which breaks down cholesterol d. Inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine CORRECT ANSWER: D Ezetimibe selectively inhibits absorption in the small intestine of cholesterol and related sterols. The other options are incorrect. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) TOPIC: NURSING PROCESS: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Antilipemic drug therapy is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse is providing instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instructions will the nurse include? ( Select all that apply .)