DJT1 Annotated Bibliography
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Western Governors University *
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Course
DJT1
Subject
Medicine
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
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5
Uploaded by dbaumgardner
DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
Name:
Student ID#:
Thesis Statement:
Research suggests that the use of technology can cause harmful effects on
the body and brain by decreasing cognitive functioning and sleep, increasing social isolation and
attention deficit symptoms, and even creating structural changes in the brain.
Reference Citation
Wilmer, H., Hampton, W., Olino, T., Olson, I. & Chein, J. (2019-
2020)
Wired to be connected? Links between
mobile technology engagement, intertemporal preference and
frontostriatal white matter connectivity.
[Soc Cogn Affect
Neurosci] 2019 May 17; Vol. 14 (4), pp. 367-379
https://academic.oup.com/scan/article/14/4/367/5479340
Summary:
This article discusses the “rewiring” of the brain from extensive
use of technology, primarily smartphone and social media usage.
In addition, the article covers studies of white matter in the
brains of healthy young adults through digital imaging and how
it can change with heavy technology usage.
Credibility:
The authors of this article are all with the Department of
Psychology at Temple University in Philadelphia, a nationally
ranked college providing training in Clinical and Developmental
Psychology as well as Cognition and Neuroscience.
Relevance:
a
This source is relevant to my thesis statement because it
provides fact-based data on the effects of excessive technology
use, how it can affect white matter in the brain, and evidence of
neural and cognitive factors due to the structural changes linked
to technology usage.
Reference Citation
Rosenblatt, J. (2019)
More screen time linked to higher risk of
ADHD in preschool-aged children: Study
https://abcnews.go.com/Health/screen-time-linked-higher-risk-
adhd-preschool-aged/story?id=62429157
Summary:
In this article, Dr. Rosenblatt discusses a study out of the
University of Alberta regarding the usage of preschool children
and the correlation of ADHD symptoms when given two or more
hours of screen time daily.
Credibility:
Dr. Rosenblatt is an ABC News medical contributor and an
instructor of medicine at
Weill Cornell Medicine in New York
City.
He received his B.S. from McGill University in 2011 and
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DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
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his M.D. from Tufts University School of Medicine in 2016.
Relevance:
This article is relevant to my thesis statement because it shows,
through comprehensive assessments, that children with reported
screen time of two or more hours a day are 7.7 times more likely
to display ADHD symptoms than children with less daily screen
time.
Reference Citation
Fuller, C., Lehman, E., Hicks, S. & Novick, M. Global Pediatric
Health (2017)
Bedtime Use of Technology and Associated Sleep
Problems in Children
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5669315/
Summary:
This article details a study of children between the ages of 8 to17
and the impact of technology at bedtime. The study describes the
negative consequences of bedtime technology on sleep quality
and quantity, BMI, and attentiveness.
Credibility:
Fuller has a BA and is a medical student at Penn State Hershey
College of Medicine
.
The other authors hold various titles, all
employed by
Hershey Medical Center at Penn State Health.
Lehman, MS- Biostatistician/Scientific Coordinator, Public
Health Sciences. Hicks, MD, Ph.D.-
Associate Professor of
Pediatrics Clinical Director, Pediatric Clinical Research Office.
Novick, MD- Director, Healthy Weight Program for Children
and Teens.
Relevance:
This article is relevant to my thesis statement because it shows
that technology can negatively impact the body and sleep. The
study results show a significant connection between average
sleep loss hours and technology use at bedtime. In addition, the
study shows that children who use technology, be it
smartphones, computers, video games, or television at bedtime,
are more likely to be overweight than children who do not.
Reference Citation
West,
S., Puszczynski, R
., & Cohn, T
. (2021)
Exploring
Recreational Screen Time and
Social
Anxiety
in
Adolescents
Pediatric Nursing
(PEDIATR NURS), May/Jun2021; 47(3): 133-
140. (8p)
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DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
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Summary:
This article discusses the possibility of psychiatric disorders in
youth who participate in two or more hours of recreational
screen time daily. A study was conducted on 84 high school
students aged 14 to 17 using the Kutcher Social Anxiety
Disorder Scale scores in conjunction with the youth’s screen
time in both male and female students.
The study concluded that
male and female students had increased social anxiety, with
female students scoring higher on the anxiety scale than males
when social media screen time exceeds 3 hours per day.
Credibility:
Sarah West, MS Ed, RN, is a Registered Nurse in Pediatric
Primary Care.
Rachael Puszczynski, BSN, RN, is a Clinical Nurse II at Duke
University Hospital, Durham, NC.
Tanya Cohn, Ph.D., MEd, RN, is an Associate Professor of
Practice and Research Coordinator at Simmons University,
School of Nursing and Health Sciences.
Relevance:
This article is relevant to my thesis paper because it covers the
increase in anxiety and mental health issues in people who spend
extended time using technology, mainly social media.
Reference Citation
Osika, E. (2021)
The negative effects of new screens on the
cognitive functions of young children require new
recommendations.
Italian Journal of Pediatrics. 11/6/2021, Vol.
47 Issue 1, p1-6. 6p.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8572488/
Summary:
This article discusses the issues with extended screen time in
children. It suggests that screen time takes away from family
interactions, physical activity, and educational studies, causing
an increase in obesity and a decrease in overall sleep and
cognitive skills.
Credibility:
Dr. Osika, MD, is a pediatrician with several articles and
publications. He has two articles in the National Library of
Medicine about children and screen time.
Relevance:
This article is relevant to my thesis statement because it shows
the connection between screen time and cognitive function
issues in children. In addition, it discusses the negative effects
screen time has on sleep and overall physical and emotional
health.
Reference Citation
Twenge, J. M., Spitzberg, B. H., & Campbell, W. K. (2019).
Less in-person social interaction with peers among U.S.
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DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
<Attachment Title>
adolescents in the 21st century and links to loneliness.
Journal of
Social and Personal Relationships, 36(6), 1892–1913.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519836170
Summary:
The article explains the difference between youth before
technology vs. the new techy youth. It discusses the decline in
youth going out with friends, dating, and spending time with
peers in person. It also discusses the increase in depression and
feelings of loneliness in youth.
Credibility:
Twenge is a professor of psychology at San Diego State
University. She holds a Ph.D. in Psychology from the University
of Michigan.
Spitzberg has a Ph.D. from the University of Southern California
and is a Senate Distinguished Professor Emeritus at San Diego
State University. Additionally, he is the author of numerous
articles.
Campbell has a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina and
is currently a professor in the Department of Psychology at the
University of Georgia. He has published several papers and
books and is best known for his book
The Handbook of
Narcissism and Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
Relevance:
This article is relevant to my thesis statement because it connects
technology use in youth to social isolation and depression.
Reference Citation
Anderson, J. & Raine, L. (2018) PFW Research Center
The
Future of Well-Being in a Tech-Saturated World
https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/04/17/the-future-of-
well-being-in-a-tech-saturated-world/
Summary:
This article talks to 1,150 experts about technology and human
well-being. Of the 1,150 experts, 32% say that technology will
cause more harm than good to humans in the next decade. They
discuss current issues with digital addiction, social and physical
isolation, and emotional and cognitive consequences.
Credibility:
Anderson is the director of Internet projects and assistant
communications professor at Elon University, North Carolina.
She has published hundreds of articles and several books.
Rainie is a graduate of Harvard University and the director of
Internet and technology research at Pew Research Center. His
previous career was as managing editor of US News & World
Report.
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DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
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Relevance:
This publication is relevant to my thesis statement because it
discusses several facades of technology use and its negative
effects on humans, including cognitive, social, emotional, and
physical dysfunctions.
Reference Citation
Hiscott, R. (2014)
8 Ways Tech Has Completely Rewired Our
Brains
https://mashable.com/archive/tech-brains-neuroplasticity
Summary:
This article talks about the scientific phenomenon known as
neuroplasticity. In layman’s terms, the brain can alter its
behavior based on experiences. The article explains the
increased anxiety and the fear of missing out that people are
experiencing with today’s technology. It also discusses sleep loss
from technology use at bedtime and the possibility of long-term
effects on circadian rhythms. Other adverse effects listed in this
article are attention issues, problems with impulse control, and
decreased memory and mathematical skills.
Credibility:
Hiscott has a
master's degree in journalism from New York
University. She has publications in Vanity Fair, The New York
Observer, and Bedford and Bowery. Her work on this article
includes findings from the American Psychological Association,
The New York Times, a 2012 study published in the Journal of
Computers and Human Behavior, and other valuable sources.
Relevance:
This article is relevant to my thesis statement because it covers
issues with attention span, anxiety, and the brain
rewiring/alerting itself due to the use of technology.
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