HCA415 Week 5 Final Assignment

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HCA415

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Medicine

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Jan 9, 2024

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Sara Josephine Baker: Her Public Health Contributions By: Emily Rosas The University of Arizona Global Campus HCA415: Community and Public Health Professor Samuel Adams November 27, 2023
Introduction “Sick people need immediate help, understanding and humanity almost as much as they need highly standardized and efficient practice.” – Sarah Josephine Baker Passion for connections between both poverty ad health Advocate for child and maternal well-being
Who is Sara Josephine Baker? 1873: Born in New York -Financial caretaker of herself and her mother after her father and sibling passed away One of the first women to enroll in medical school & became a doctor in 1898 Interned at Boston’s New England Hospital for Women and Children Medical Inspector for New York City Health Department Her work in the slums sealed her commitment to public health Creation of a Child Hygiene Division
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Political Climate Progressive Era (1890’s-1920’s) Public Health Movement Women’s Suffrage Movement World War I Spread of Infectious Diseases
Socioeconomic Climate Industrialization Immigration Economic Inequality Public Health challenges
Environmental Climate Poor Sanitation Water and Air Pollution Vector-Borne Diseases Housing Conditions
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Personal Beliefs A strong desire to find a way to end unnecessary suffering from preventable diseases “to keep people from dying of disease was to keep them from falling ill” Strong desire to reduce infant mortality rates Addressing social and environmental conditions
Overcoming Adversities Gender discrimination Limited Educational Opportunities for Women Professional Challenges Resistance to Public Health Interventions
Outcome of Contributions Infant mortality rates declined in New York City Director of Bureau of Child Hygiene Clinics Typhoid Prevention Maternal Health Advocacy Educational Contributions
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Contributions to the Community & Public Health Raised awareness in regard to sanitation and hygiene Enhanced maternal and child health practices for immigrant populations Public Health Education School Health Programs
Importance to History Advancements in Child and Maternal Health Impact on Public Health Policies Global Health Initiatives Focus on Preventive Medicine Legacy of Compassion and Advocacy
Impact on today’s public health Advancements in Child Health and Maternal Care Public Health Education and Advocacy Innovations in Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology Legislative Reforms
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Did it change attitudes? Challenged prevailing norms/influenced the way society approached healthcare Start of the shift towards preventative medicine Highlighting the importance of maternal and child health focus Advocation for community-based healthcare Changing attitudes towards individual and community responsibility for health
Did it change policies and procedures? Public Health Education 35 states adopted her school health program Maternal and child health programs Community-based healthcare Preventative medicine
Did her work change laws? Did not directly influence any laws or change them Broader recognition of importance of interventions for mothers and children Only implemented public health measures Over time there was development of laws and regulations
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Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) Dedicated to promoting and improving the health and well-being of mothers, children, and families Quality healthcare services for pregnant women, mothers, infants and children Spurs national guidelines for women’s and children’s checkups as well as newborn screenings
Title V of the Social Security Act Provides programs for maternity, infant, and child care Full range of medical services for children Federal funding to states Key features: Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant Scope of Services Preventive and Primary Care
Healthy Start Program Aimed at reducing infant mortality and improving perinatal outcomes Administered by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Key components: Targeted communities Comprehensive approach Perinatal services Community Based Organizations
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Is her contribution still relevant today? Her contributions have had a lasting impact Data driven decision- making Addressing social determinants of health Public Health Education Preventative medicine
How is it still applied? Public health infrastructure Preventive care Prenatal and Postnatal Care Childhood Immunizations Access to Healthcare
Future community public health Likely to be shaped by: Ongoing societal changes Technological advancements Evolving healthcare systems Holistic and Lifespan Approach Health equity and social determinants
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Conclusion Setting standards in preventative medicine Commitment to tackling infectious diseases An educator of future healthcare professionals
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References Bel, N. M., & Friis, R. H. (2019). Community and Public Health (2nd ed.). Bridgepoint Education. Cecala, R. (2016). The Pennsylvania State University the Graduate School College of the Humanities. http://edta.libraries.psu.edu/files/final_submissions/13331 Healthy start . (n.d.). WIC Works Resource System. https://wicworks.fns.usda.gov/resources/healthy-start#:~:text=Healthy%20Start %20is%20a%20community,improving%20systems%20of%20community%20care. H.R. 12634, A bill to encourage instruction in the hygiene of maternity and infancy, July 1, 1918 | U.S. Capitol - Visitor Center . (n.d.). https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/hr-12634-bill-encourage-instruction-hygien e-maternity-and-infancy-july-1-1918#:~:text=In%201921%20Congress%20passed %20the,prenatal%20and%20infant%20health%20care . Maternal and Child Health Bureau | MCHB . (n.d.). https://mchb.hrsa.gov/
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References Continued M. N. S. (2023). Sara Josephine Baker. Salem Press Biographical Encyclopedia. Parry, M. (2006). Sara Josephine Baker (1873-1945). American Journal of Public Health, 96 (4), 620-621. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2005.079145 Professional Life. Sara Josephine Baker: Public Health Pioneer, 1873-1945, by Karisa Butler-Wall- OutHistory. (n.d.). OutHistory. https://outhistory.org/exhibits/show/sara-josephine-baker/professional Purdy, E. R., PhD. (2023). Progressive Era. Salem Press Encyclopedia. Title v Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant to the States Program: Guidance and forms for the Title v Application/Annual Report - Appendix of Supporting Documents | Guidance Portal . (n.d.). https://www.hhs.gov/guidance/document/title-v-maternal-and- child-health-services-block-grant-states-program-guidance-and-forms-2 Women’s suffrage. (2022). Salem Press Encyclopedia. Voices from the past. Sarah Josephine Baker (1873-194) By: Parry MS, American Journal of Public Health, 00900036, Apr2006, Vol. 96, Issue 4
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