Respiratory case study 51

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Indiana University, Kokomo *

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30099

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Medicine

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Case 51 Respiratory A. What are the four factors that account for almost all cases of pulmonary edema? Which are probably responsible for this patient’s pulmonary edema? 1. An increase in the hydrostatic pressure gradient 2. An increase in vascular endothelial cell and/or alveolar epithelial cell permeability 3. A decrease in the oncotic pressure gradient 4. Impaired lymphatic drainage either from physical lymphatic obstruction or from lymphatic obliteration  This patient’s history of hypertension, MI and recurrent ischemia are what are probably responsible for his pulmonary edema. B. How does poor cardiac function cause pulmonary edema?  Pulmonary edema and the rapid buildup of fluid within the interstitial and alveolar spaces leads to significant dyspnea and respiratory decompensation. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is usually a result of raised cardiac filling pressures. In a normal patient, the fluid leaving the vascular space exceeds the rate of reabsorption, leading to the accumulation of interstitial and ultimately alveolar fluid.

References Depman, S. T., & Wendel, C. H. (2022). Congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice , 13 (1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0095- 4543(21)00955-6 Sisson, T., Claar, D., Chesnutt, M., & Prendergast, T. (2018). Pulmonary disease. In Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine 8e (8th ed., pp. 245– 288). McGraw-Hill Education / Medical.

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Respiratory case study 51

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