GI Medications -1

docx

School

Saint Anthony College of Nursing *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

319

Subject

Medicine

Date

Oct 30, 2023

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by ChancellorResolveSkunk27

Medication Target Disease/Condition Side Effects Nursing Considerations Client Educ Ondansetron (Zofran)  Serotonin Receptor Antagonists Metoclopramide (Reglan)  Prokinetic Agent  Increase GI motility Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) Antiemetics (Anti- nausea) Serotonin Receptor Antagonists Dimenhydrinate- nausea caused motion Sickness Prokinetic Agent- increasing the frequency or strength of contractions, but without disrupting their rhythm. Phenothiazines Anticholinergic Cannaboids Antihistamines Monitor vital signs Observe for mood changes or involuntary movements Urinary Retention Lab Values: Liver function tests, electrolytes, and renal function Give 30-60 minutes before meals or chemotherapy treatment Avoid activ require ale Report adv effects to p Avoid alcoh CNS depre drugs Take med a prescribed Take 30-60 before the nausea Do not driv Lactulose (Chronulac, Cephulac) Osmotic Laxative Flatulence, abdominal cramping/bloating, diarrhea Monitor frequency and consistency of stools Monitor electrolyte imbalances Monitor glucose levels in diabetic patients Check serum electrolyte imbalances and ammonia levels MiraLAX sh dissolved i water Prolonged result in el imbalance laxative de Senna (Senokot) Simulant Laxative Abdominal Cramping Muscle weakness Fluid/electrolyte imbalances Rectal burning Yellow-green feces Laxative Dependence Monitor fluid/electrolyte imbalances Administer 1 hour before or after ingestion of milk or antacid Discourage from chron laxatives May cause colon--> la Increase flu and diet hi Psyllium (Metamucil) Bulk-Forming Laxative Abdominal discomfort Assessment of bowel Require ad

Bloating Flatulence Increase movement can cause perforation Intestinal obstruction if not enough fluid is given movements and active bowel sounds Monitor for aspiration Add at least 8 oz of water or juice to the drug hydration t effective May decre appetite if before me Take 2 hou meals and oral medic May cause Full affect occur until after admi Take with a oz. of wate Metoclopramide (Reglan) GI stimulant--> increasing the upper GI motility and used for reflux Drowsiness Diarrhea, restlessness fatigue Parkinson-like symptoms (involuntary muscle movement) Monitor for EPS (extrapyramidal symptoms) Continuous muscle spasms and muscle contractions Report sign dystonia (i muscle con Do not driv hours after Drink adeq amounts o Avoid hum environme down GI m Pancrelipase (Pancrease) Replace enzymes in the pancreas because the pancreas is not making them Helps to digest fats, absorb fat, proteins, and carbohydrates Nausea Diarrhea Abdominal Cramps NPO 3-7 days to reduce gastric secretions and aggravation of pancreatic pain Gastric suctioning may be order IV fluids Daily Weight Surgical Intervention Monitor steatorrhea (presence of excess fat in stool) Maintain good nutritional health Monitor for hyperuricemia- high uric acid Take medic meals and of water Report join swelling an side effect provider Review die interventio involve die Cimetidine (Tagamet) Famotidine (Pepcid) Antihistamines used to prevent stress ulcers Somnolence (Sleepiness) Caution w/ kidney and liver failure Give Cimeti meals and

Ranitidine (Zantac) and combination therapy to treat Helicobacter pylori infection Diaphoresis (Sweating) Rash, headache, hypotension, Cardiac Dysrhythmias Cimetidine- confusion & impotence (ED in males) patients: metabolized in liver, excreted by kidneys  Reduce dosage in these patients Teach importance of avoiding alcohol, smoking and monitor diet bedtime Avoid anta within 1 hr Once-a-da should be before bed are 2 dose take before Avoid gastr alcohol, as NSAIDS May take 1 to become PPI may be with treatm failure Azathioprine (Imuran) Infliximab (Remicade) Metronidazole (flagyl) Used for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Not curative, but controls disease process Azathioprine - immunosuppressants that induce and maintain remission Infliximab - monoclonal antibody that neutralizes TNF (tumor necrosis factor), substance made by cells of the body which has an important role in promoting inflammation indicated for moderate to severe disease Metronidazole- antibiotic used for gut health Used for induction of remission, not long- term use Sucralfate (Carafate) Pepsin Inhibitor (Mucosal Protect Agent) Protects ulcer from Dizziness, drowsiness, headache, constipation, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, Assess Gi symptoms Administer on empty stomach Monitor the side Take on em stomach Avoid gastr Take medic

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

gastric acid by forming a protein covering dry mouth, pruritus(itch), rash effects prescribed Increase flu and exercis Emphasize following u provider Do not tak antacid- bi sucralfate Amoxicillin (Amoxil) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Metronidazole (Flagyl) Antimicrobials for Helicobacter Pylori Organisms (Bacterial) Rash, nausea, abdominal taste, abdominal pain, dyspepsia(indigestion), headache, photosensitivity, anxiety, tinnitus (ringing of ears), vertigo Note clinical manifestations, onset and duration of the symptoms Caution with cardiac patients, may cause ventricular dysrhythmias - disturbance in the normal rhythm of the electrical activity of the heart that arises in the ventricles Lab Results- abnormal liver function If you miss don’t doub Duration o prescriptio days Avoid Gast irritants Use stress techniques Never stop medication prescriptio complete Bismuth- c darkening and stool ( Ursodiol (Actigall) Dissolve gallstone that is smaller than 20mm Used to treat Cholecystitis, inflammation of gallbladder due to lodged stone Nausea, vomiting, thinning of hair, fatigue, sweating, anxiety, rash, arthralgia (joint pain) If stone does not dissolve in 12 months, drug is not effective Ultrasounds on gallbladder should be done every 6 months Avoid anta Therapy m 24 months Stones ma Limit dieta Important up with pro diagnostic Calcium Carbonate (Tums) Magnesium Hydroxide and Antacids- neutralize gastric acid Used for symptomatic relief of Peptic Ulcer Belching, constipation, flatulence, diarrhea, gastric distention Acid rebound if Increase gastric pH, which may decrease absorption and bind w/ other drugs Increase flu and exercis Give w/ 2-4 water, do n

Aluminum Hydroxide (Maalox) Disease (PUD) & GERD antacids are given frequently Acid Rebound- increased rate of gastric acid secretion occurring 30 to 60 minutes after eating. Decreasing the effectiveness and absorption into the body Prolonged use may alter aluminum, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and phosphate levels (monitory electrolyte balances) 4oz Take as dir not exceed Take 1-2 hr other med Should be hours after and at bed Elderly: Re Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) Diphenoxylate w/ atropine (Lomotil) Loperamide (Imodium) Slow or inhibit GI motility by acting on nerve endings of the intestinal wall Used for acute nonspecific diarrhea and diarrhea caused by inflammatory disease Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, dizziness, constipation. temporary darkening of stools and tongue caused by bismuth salicylate Bismuth-Stool may appear gray black, may mask GI bleed Do not give w. C. Diff patient s, keeps bacterial infection in the body Do not take w/aspirin Avoid if bowel obstruction is suspected, loose stool will go around obstruction, make it worse Monitor for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance Withhold s 24 hrs w/ a diarrhea Avoid food cause diarr Use cautio activities d drowsiness if present Report fev vomiting, a pain or dis Good pers hygiene to irritation o breakdown of diarrhea Esomeprazole (Nexium) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) Omeprazole (Prilosec) Inhibition of the enzyme that produces gastric acid Short Term Treatment: erosive or ulcerative GERD, duodenal ulcers, Thirst, dry mouth, increased appetite, anorexia, abdominal pain, flatulence rash Dosage should be reduced in liver failure patients Increase water intake to 8-10 glasses a day to prevent Take medic prescribed increase do Finish entir pain may b but the ulc

Pantoprazole (Protonix) active benign gastric ulcers, NSAIDS Long Term Treatment: Healing and reproduction in relapse rates of heartburn symptoms in ulcerative GERD and treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (epidermis separates from dermis) constipation Monitor renal and liver functions, lab tests there Follow pre diet to dec symptoms Take befor major mea day

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version