Lab01_07_01

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Dalton State College *

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ENGR 3343

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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LAB REPORT Course Number: ENGR3345 Section 07 Course Title: Fluid Mechanics Laboratory Experiment No: 1 Viscosity Measurement and Equipment Calibration Date of Experiment Performed: January 25, 2024 Date of Report Submitted: February 1, 2024 Group Number: 1 Experiment Performed By: Ava Giffen-001048751 Jazmin Herrera-001118067 Madeline Holland-001035305 Ashlei Hutcheson-001034328 Jade Crisp-001007744 Contributions: Jazmin: Document Formation/ Procedure and Set Up Ava: Discussions Jade: Objective & Background of the Experiment Madeline: Data Analysis & Results Ashlei: Conclusions

1 Viscosity Measurement and Equipment Calibration Table of Contents CONTENTS 1. ObjecƟve of the Experiment ………………………………… 2 2. Background of the Experiment ……………………………… 2-3 3. Experimental Setup and Procedure …………………………… 3 4. Experimental Data and StaƟsƟcal Analysis of Data ………………… 4-7 5. Discussions ……………………………………………… 8-9 6. Conclusions ……………………………………………… 9-10 7. References ……………………………………………… 11 Page No.

2 Objective of the Experiment This experiment’s objective is to determine the viscosity of motor oil. This is done by using two different quantitative machines; a mechanical device known as the Thomas Stormer viscometer and the Brookfield viscometer, a digital device. After recording the data for SAE 30 oil measured using both devices and comparing the two different sets, the group must decide on which viscometer is better. Background of the Experiment Viscosity is the thickness of a liquid. More accurately, it’s the internal friction of a moving liquid. The higher the viscosity, the harder it is to move it or move through it. The easier it is to move the liquid or to move through it equals a lower viscosity. Viscosity and temperature are inversely related; the higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity. This is because when particles are heated up, they move around faster which then in turn makes their interaction time shorter. The less time interacted, the less particles grouping and slowing the manipulation of the liquid. The Thomas Stormer viscometer was invented in 1909 by Edward J. Stormer, a chemist at Case Threshing Machine Co. This version of the viscometer has a weight that falls at a constant speed, continuously turning a rod, called the spindle, which is fully immersed in the liquid of interest. The liquid must be kept at a constant temperature in order to get an accurate reading. The measurement would be taken by either the number of rotations that occurred within a set time, or the amount of time needed for the rod to make a rotation. The Brookfield viscometer is an electric version of the aforementioned Thomas Stromer viscometer. This version also uses a spindle, but the speed can be adjusted by the touch of a

3 button rather than changing out the weight. The measurement of viscosity can be taken by the displayed amount of force required to keep this speed constant. Experimental Set up and Procedure. To perform the first part of the experiment, one needs to use the Thomas Stormer Viscometer. This machine consists of an outer cylinder filled with SAE 30 motor oil, a rotor, a spindle, and a 50g weight. The viscosity of the fluid in the outer cylinder resists the rotating drum as the spindle rotates. The first step is to place the viscometer near the edge of the table so the 50g weight is hanging. Next, the outer cylinder is filled with SAE 30 motor oil until the drum is completely immersed. There is a gauge on the viscometer that measures the number of revolutions as the drum rotates. This gauge and a stopwatch are used to record how long it takes for the drum to reach one hundred revolutions. The last step is to release the weight and let it descend until the drum reaches one hundred revolutions. This process is repeated 5 times to gather enough data. For the second part of the experiment, one needs to use the Brookfield viscometer. The first step is to turn the machine on and auto zero the viscometer. Next, the #2 spindle is located and attached to the viscometer. It is important to use room temperature SAE 30 motor oil to fill the beaker with before placing it on the plate. Then, the spindle is lowered into the center of the beaker until the groove is at liquid level. The speed is set to 50 RPM and the spindle is initiated. One waits for the value to stabilize and then records the viscosity five times for sufficient data.

4 Data Analysis & Results Sample Data Sheet for Experiment 1: Viscosity Table 1: Thomas Stormer Viscometer Trial Time to 100 revolutions (s) Viscosity (cP) Viscosity (mPa • s) * 1 105.43 128 128 2 105.90 128 128 3 105.59 128 128 4 105.28 128 128 5 104.75 128 128 * Calculated value(s) Table 2: Brookfield Viscometer Trial Viscosity (cP) 1 22.58 2 22.58 3 22.58 4 22.58 5 22.50 Equation 1. Average Viscosity 𝑣 ௔௩௚ [𝑐𝑃] = |𝑣 ଵ + 𝑣 ଶ + 𝑣 ଷ + 𝑣 ௡ … | 𝑛 (𝑣 ஻ ) ௔௩௚ [𝑐𝑃] = |22.58 + 22.58 + 22.58 + 22.58 + 22.50| 5 = 22.56𝑐𝑃 (𝑣 ்ௌ ) ௔௩௚ [𝑐𝑃] = |128 + 128 + 128 + 128 + 128| 5 = 128𝑐𝑃 Equation 2. Conversion from cP to mPa*s 𝑣[𝑐𝑃] = 𝑣[𝑚𝑃𝑎 ∙ 𝑠] Equation 3. Percentage difference % ௗ௜௙௙௘௥௘௡௖௘ = |𝑣 ஻ − 𝑣 ்ௌ | ቚ 𝑣 ஻ − 𝑣 ்ௌ 2 ቚ ∙ 100%

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