3. CPCCCA3014 Learner Activity workbook

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Learner Activity Workbook CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package Learner name: _______________________________ This Workbook incorporates the following unit: CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 2 of 62 Disclaimer: This work is under copyright and permission is not given to make copies for hire or resale to third parties to use the resources for their own or commercial use. ATAR Resources Group Pty Ltd does not give warranty or accept any legal liability in relation to the content of this work. Licenced to: Nova Institute of Technology RTO Code: 29184 Level 4, 220 Albert Road South Melbourne VIC 3205 Copyright: © ATAR Resources Group Pty Ltd 2021 www.atardesign.com.au Developed by: This resource was written and developed by ATAR Resources Group and contextualised and validated by NOVA. Acknowledgement: Thanks to ATAR Resources Group and NOVA staff for their consultation and development work. Version: NOVA V1
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 3 of 62 Contents Unit of competency ..................................................................................................................... 6 Overview/Competency demonstration .......................................................................................... 6 CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads ............................................................................... 6 Plan and prepare ................................................................................................................. 6 Fabricate bulkhead components ............................................................................................ 6 Install bulkhead components ................................................................................................ 6 Install pre-manufactured bulkheads ...................................................................................... 7 Clean up .............................................................................................................................. 7 Learner Activity Workbook Overview ............................................................................................ 8 Instructions ................................................................................................................................ 9 Learning Activities ................................................................................................................ 9 Simulated Learning Activities ................................................................................................ 9 Self-Assessment Questionnaire ............................................................................................. 9 Section 1 – Plan and prepare ..................................................................................................... 10 Safety (OHS) requirements are followed in accordance with safety plans and policies. Signage and barricade requirements are identified and implemented ................................................. 10 How do you know what safety requirements apply to your workplace? .................................. 10 Acts, regulations, codes and standards ................................................................................ 11 Duty of Care ...................................................................................................................... 11 Identify work health and safety hazards, assess risks and implement suitable controls ........... 11 Acts, regulations, codes and standards ................................................................................ 11 WHS legal pyramid ............................................................................................................. 12 List of WHS legislation, regulations and workplace safety authorities ..................................... 12 Guidance material .............................................................................................................. 14 National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work .............................................. 14 Policies and Procedures ...................................................................................................... 14 Policies .............................................................................................................................. 15 What should a policy contain? ............................................................................................. 15 Procedures ........................................................................................................................ 15 Induction ........................................................................................................................... 15 Hazards and risks ............................................................................................................... 16 Types of hazards ............................................................................................................... 17 Acute and chronic hazards .................................................................................................. 18 Incident reporting .............................................................................................................. 20 Notifiable incidents ............................................................................................................. 20 Types of risks .................................................................................................................... 20 Risk assessment rating matrix ............................................................................................. 21 Likelihood .......................................................................................................................... 21 Consequence ..................................................................................................................... 22 Risk management priority ................................................................................................... 23 Hierarchy of Control ........................................................................................................... 23 Personal protective equipment (PPE) ................................................................................... 24 Scaffold (Mobile or Fixed) ................................................................................................... 25 Elevating Work Platforms .................................................................................................... 25 Trestles and Planks ............................................................................................................ 25 Barricades and Signage ...................................................................................................... 26 Signage ............................................................................................................................. 27 Read and follow safety warning signs .................................................................................. 27 Safety signage on the construction site ............................................................................... 27 Tools and equipment .......................................................................................................... 29 Material Weights ................................................................................................................ 30 Plasterboard ...................................................................................................................... 30
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 4 of 62 Timber Framing ................................................................................................................. 30 Steel Framing .................................................................................................................... 30 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) ..................................................................................... 30 Noise ................................................................................................................................ 31 Dust and atmospheric contaminants .................................................................................... 31 Housekeeping – access and storage .................................................................................... 31 Access and egress .............................................................................................................. 32 Environmental requirements ............................................................................................... 32 Environmental protection requirements ............................................................................... 33 Resource efficiency and waste minimisation ......................................................................... 33 Re-use and disposal of soil ................................................................................................. 34 Project Environmental Management Plan ............................................................................. 34 Learning Activities Section 1 ...................................................................................................... 35 Section 2 – Construct bulkheads ................................................................................................ 38 Bulkhead is set out to plans and specifications ..................................................................... 38 Plan reading and setting out ............................................................................................... 38 Site Measurements ............................................................................................................. 39 Types of bulkheads ............................................................................................................ 40 Simple Infill Bulkheads ....................................................................................................... 41 Kitchen Bulkheads .............................................................................................................. 41 Retro Fitting Bulkheads ...................................................................................................... 41 Shadow Line Bulkheads ...................................................................................................... 42 Frameless Bulkheads .......................................................................................................... 42 Materials are selected in accordance with plans and specifications ........................................ 43 Bulkhead trimmers and plates are cut in accordance with set out and job requirements ......... 43 Choosing the Right Fasteners ............................................................................................. 44 Making Bulkhead Frames .................................................................................................... 45 Angled Corners .................................................................................................................. 46 Fixing to Concrete Slabs ..................................................................................................... 46 Fixing to a Truss Roof ........................................................................................................ 46 Learning Activities Section 2 ...................................................................................................... 47 Section 3 – Clean up ................................................................................................................. 49 Cleaning up ....................................................................................................................... 49 Tools and plant .................................................................................................................. 50 Tools, plant and equipment ................................................................................................ 50 Inspection ......................................................................................................................... 50 Maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 51 Storage of tools, plant and equipment ................................................................................. 51 Shipping containers and lock up storage boxes .................................................................... 51 Learning Activities Section 3 ...................................................................................................... 52 Further Reading ....................................................................................................................... 53 Learning Activities Record ......................................................................................................... 54 Unit of competency ................................................................................................................... 54 Instructions for the Learner ................................................................................................ 54 Instructions for the Trainer ................................................................................................. 54 Simulated Learning Activities ..................................................................................................... 55 Simulated Learning Activities Record .......................................................................................... 57 Unit of competency ................................................................................................................... 57 Instructions for the Learner ................................................................................................ 57 Instructions for the Trainer ................................................................................................. 57 Self-Assessment Questionnaire – Construct and install bulkheads ................................................ 58 Self-Assessment Record ............................................................................................................ 60 Unit of competency ................................................................................................................... 60 Instructions for the Learner ................................................................................................ 60
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 5 of 62 Instructions for the Trainer ................................................................................................. 60 Final Learning Participation Outcome Record .............................................................................. 61 Unit of competency ................................................................................................................... 61
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 6 of 62 Unit of competency CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads Overview/Competency demonstration This Workbook covers the following unit of competency: CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads This unit of competency specifies the skills and knowledge required to construct bulkheads for decorative purposes, to contain fittings, such as range hoods and cupboards, to conceal services, and to help facilitate changes in ceiling heights, meeting all relevant requirements of the National Construction Code (NCC), Australian Standards, work health and safety (WHS), and Commonwealth and state or territory legislation. The unit includes preparing for sheeting bulkheads with plasterboard, lining boards, reconstituted timber products and metal or plastic decorative panels; and installation of bulkheads which may be hung from, incorporated into, or fastened onto a structure in situ. Completion of the general construction induction training program specified by the model Code of Practice for Construction Work is required for any person who is to carry out construction work. Achievement of CPCCWHS1001Prepare to work safely in the construction industry meets this requirement. No licensing, legislative or certification requirements apply to this unit at the time of publication. To demonstrate your competency in this unit you will need to provide evidence of your ability to: Plan and prepare ✓ Read and interpret work instructions and plan sequence of work. ✓ Plan all work to comply with laws and regulations, the National Construction Code (NCC), Australian Standards, work health and safety (WHS) and environmental requirements, manufacturers’ specifications, workplace req uirements, drawings and specifications. ✓ Select tools and equipment, check for serviceability and report any faults. ✓ Select and use personal protective equipment (PPE) for each part of the task. ✓ Inspect work site, locate services, assess hazards and apply risk controls, including required signage and barricades. ✓ Identify materials required for task, calculate quantities, handle safely and prepare and position ready for use. Fabricate bulkhead components ✓ Set out bulkhead. ✓ Cut bulkhead trimmers and plates to set out. Install bulkhead components ✓ Select fasteners to support the weight of the bulkhead. ✓ Assemble bulkhead, fix to position and specification.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 7 of 62 Install pre-manufactured bulkheads ✓ Set out pre-manufactured bulkhead sections. ✓ Use fasteners as specified by frame manufacturer. ✓ Fix to position and specification. Clean up ✓ Clean up, meeting all legislative and workplace requirements for safety, waste disposal and materials handling. ✓ Check, maintain and store tools and equipment and report any faults. Prerequisite units: CPCCWHS2001 Apply WHS requirements, policies and procedures in the construction industry. https://training.gov.au/Training/Details/CPCCCA3014
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 8 of 62 Learner Activity Workbook Overview The content of this Learner Activity Workbook is designed to monitor your learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by your Trainer to improve their teaching, and by you to improve your learning. The Learner Activity Workbook incorporates the following tasks, to help you identify your areas of strength, and target areas of work: • Learning Activities • Simulated Learning Activities • Self-Assessment Questionnaire This Learner Activity Workbook does not need to be submitted to your T rainer, however the ‘ Final Learning Participation Outcome Record’ sheets for this unit of competency are required to be submitted as evidence of participation and readiness for assessment.
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 9 of 62 Instructions Learning Activities • After each section within this Learner Activity Workbook, there is a series of Learning Activities. These activities are useful to consolidate your learning, and to identify any areas in which you may require further learning. • You must answer all questions in the Learning Activities. • Your answers to these questions will form part of your participation of learning evidence gathered to determine your readiness for assessment. • You must sign, date and submit the ‘ Learning Activities Record’, once you complete the Learning Activities. Simulated Learning Activities • The Simulated Learning Activities are to be completed in a simulated learning environment, under specific instruction by your Trainer. • Simulated Learning Activities incorporate case studies, scenarios and lifelike examples, to support positive learning for the Learner to replicate real experiences that occur in a workplace setting. Where applicable, scenarios have forms and templates that are provided. • To complete the Simulated Learning Activities, the following resources are required: - Simulated Policies and Procedures - Simulated Work plans, drawings and specifications - Learner Activity Workbook • Where Simulated Activities require specific resources, these will be listed in the Simulated Activity task instructions. • The Learner must sign, date, and submit the ‘Simulated Learning Activities Record’, once they complete the Simulated Learning. Self-Assessment Questionnaire • At the end of this Workbook there is a Self-Assessment Questionnaire that you must complete to show that you are ready to be assessed in this unit of competency. • You must answer all questions in the Self-Assessment Questionnaire. • Your answers to these questions will form part of your participation of learning evidence gathered to determine your readiness for assessment. • You must sign, date and submit the ‘ Self-Assessment Record’, once you complete the Self- Assessment Questionnaire. Note: The ‘ Final Learning Participation Outcome Record’ sheet must be submitted to your Trainer, before you can commence assessment.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 10 of 62 Section 1 – Plan and prepare Work instructions, including plans, specifications, quality requirements and operational details, are obtained, confirmed and applied from relevant information for planning and preparation purposes Plans and details are closely analysed with framing pre-fabricated to suit even the most intricate of architectural profiles. Detailed drafting teams examine electrical or mechanical service requirements, and incorporate into the bulkhead frame design, allowing for minimal disruption with other trades. Safety (OHS) requirements are followed in accordance with safety plans and policies. Signage and barricade requirements are identified and implemented Work health and safety (WHS) is about ensuring safe and healthy working conditions, and preventing illness and injury in the workplace. WHS laws set out the obligations of both employers (your boss) and employees (you). The Australian OHS/WHS legal framework consists of a tiered hierarchy of Act, Regulation, Codes of Practice and Standards. Watch the following You T ube video: ‘What does safe at work mean?’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5OrQjft8zM How do you know what safety requirements apply to your workplace? Recently the old OHS laws have been replaced with the new Work Health and Safety Act. There are a range of new Codes of Practice, safety standards, regulations and insurance impacts that affect the workplace. Each workplace will have different WHS requirements that must be met. At the most basic level an employer is required to provide a safe workplace as reasonably practicable. You can access your relevant state legislation at http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au .
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 11 of 62 Acts, regulations, codes and standards Duty of Care All personnel have a legal responsibility under duty of care to do everything reasonably practicable to protect others from harm by complying with safe work practices, including activities that require licences, tickets or certificates of competency or any other relevant state and territory WHS requirements. This includes: • Employers and self-employed persons • Persons in control of the work site • Supervisors • Designers, Manufacturers and Suppliers of plant and equipment • Workers/employees/personnel including people from a range of cultural, social and religious backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities. • Sub-contractors Identify work health and safety hazards, assess risks and implement suitable controls Acts, regulations, codes and standards The Australian WHS legal framework consists of a tiered hierarchy of Act, Regulation, Codes of Practice and Standards. Acts Set out general safety requirements and enforcement policies. Regulations Set out safety requirements for specific industries and tasks – what must be done (i.e. provide safe plant) but give limited details on how to make it safe. Codes of Practices and Industry Standards Are guidelines that give examples on how to carry out the task safely. They are the minimum standard to be followed unless an equal or better standard can be provided. Acts Set out general safety requirements and enforcement policies. Regulations Set out safety requirements for specific industries and tasks – what must be done (i.e. provide safe plant) but give limited details on how to make it safe. Codes of Practices and Industry Standards Are guidelines that give examples on how to carry out the task safely. They are the minimum standard to be followed unless an equal or better standard can be provided.
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 12 of 62 WHS legal pyramid Elements of the WHS legislation and how the fit together. List of WHS legislation, regulations and workplace safety authorities (Current as of January 2019) Legislation Federal Work Health and Safety Act (2011) ACT Work Health and Safety Act (2011) NSW Work Health and Safety Act (2011) NT Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act (2011) QLD Work Health and Safety Act (2011) SA Work Health and Safety Act 2012 TAS Work Health and Safety Act 2012 VIC Occupational Health and Safety Act (2004) WA Occupational Safety and Health Act (1984) Acts Regulations Codes of Practice Australian Standards Industry Standards and Guidance Notes
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 13 of 62 Regulations Federal Work Health and Safety Regulations (2011) ACT Work Health and Safety Regulation (2011) NSW Work Health and Safety Regulation (2017) NT Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Regulations QLD Work Health and Safety Regulation (2011) SA Work Health and Safety Regulations (2012) TAS Work Health and Safety Regulations (2012) VIC Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (2017) WA Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (1996) List of ‘legislation’ websites (where each jurisdiction ‘stores’ their legislation) Federal www.comlaw.gov.au ACT www.legislation.act.gov.au NSW www.legislation.nsw.gov.au NT www.dcm.nt.gov.au QLD www.legislation.qld.gov.au SA www.legislation.sa.gov.au TAS www.thelaw.tas.gov.au VIC www.legislation.vic.gov.au WA www.slp.wa.gov.au
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 14 of 62 Workplace safety statutory bodies Federal Safe Work Australia www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au ACT WorkSafe ACT www.worksafe.act.gov.au NSW SafeWork NSW www.safework.nsw.gov.au NT NT WorkSafe www.worksafe.nt.gov.au QLD Workplace Health and Safety Queensland www.worksafe.qld.gov.au SA SafeWork SA www.safework.sa.gov.au TAS WorkSafe Tasmania www.worksafe.tas.gov.au VIC WorkSafe Victoria www.worksafe.vic.gov.au WA WorkSafe WA www.worksafe.wa.gov.au Guidance material Each statutory authority provides a range of guidance material, such as Compliance Codes, codes of practice, alerts, notes and so on. Often, the guidance material relates to a topic (e.g. PPE) or industry (e.g. Horticulture, Mining). Search the relevant authority website for either the topic, industry sector or other suitable term.’ National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work The National Standard for Construction Work [NOHSC:1016 (2005)] (the National Standard), aims to protect persons from the hazards associated with construction work. This Code of Practice provides guidance to persons working in the general and residential construction sectors on the types of induction training that may be needed to provide construction workers with an awareness and understanding of common hazards on construction sites and how they should be managed. Read the National Standard at: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/system/files/documents/1702/inductionforconstructionwork_ 2007_pdf.pdf (Supplementary Documents) Policies and Procedures An employer should, so far as is reasonably practicable, provide and maintain for employees a working environment that is safe and without risks to health. ‘Reasonably practicable’ has regard to: • The severity of the hazard or risk. • The state of knowledge about that hazard or risk and any ways of removing or mitigating it. • The availability and suitability of ways to remove or mitigate the hazard or risk. • The cost of removing or minimising that hazard or risk. [OHS Act Vic 20(2)] This includes: • Providing and maintaining plant or systems of work that are, safe and without risks to health. • Providing information, instruction, training or supervision necessary to enable employees to perform their work in a way that is safe and without risks to health. In order to meet these requirements, policies and procedures should be developed for the workplace.
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 15 of 62 Policies There may be a need for many workplace policies including general WHS, environmental, workplace bullying and intimidation, alcohol and drugs, etc. A policy describes: • The desired standard • A timeframe • Management’s commitment to fulfilling the policy • What is expected of all employees in relation to the particular issue What should a policy contain? • The health and safety objectives of the business, and how the employer will implement the policy to achieve those objectives. • The WHS roles and responsibilities of managers, supervisors and all people with a role to play in health and safety. • That the policy was prepared in consultation with staff or their elected health and safety representatives. • The policy should be signed off by the business owner and a worker representative, and should have a date for review. All people affected by the policy should be informed about it. • Everyone should easily understand the policy. It may be necessary to translate it into other languages. Management should ensure that all people in the workplace are made aware of the policy. Its contents need to be clearly explained. Everyone should be encouraged to ask questions of the employer if they do not understand their roles and responsibilities. Procedures A procedure sets out step-by-step instructions for how to deal with an activity in the workplace. Where there are workplace hazards and risks to the health and safety of people, the procedure sets out what to do at every stage of the activity to avoid accidents and injuries to all people. To develop a procedure all potential hazards should be considered. The steps should be in the correct sequence. Developing a safe system of work can be achieved by completing a Job Safety Analysis. Ensure that all aspects have been considered for the procedure. Once procedures are in place, workers should be trained to follow the procedures. Ideally, Standard Operating Procedures will be developed with the involvement of all people from the workplace who work at the tasks. Induction Every employer should have procedures that ensure a new employee is carefully and thoroughly inducted into the workplace. A variety of policies, procedures and forms may be used during this process and will be dependent on legislated requirements and individual business needs. An Enterprise WHS Consultation Procedure and Induction is a good starting point, as it ensures the importance of WHS and safe work practices are very evident from day one. Employees also have specific responsibilities: • To be responsible for your own health and safety • Act in a manner that will not affect the safety of yourself or others • Make a constructive contribution to workplace meetings, workplace activities, inspections • Raise OHS issues with designated personnel according to organisational procedures • Complete daily tasks and operate equipment following designated safe work procedures • To never work under the influence of drugs or alcohol • Correctly use and look after any Personal Protective Equipment provided • Follow all reasonable instructions • Participates in appropriate induction and training as required
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 16 of 62 For more information visit http://www.vwa.vic.gov.au/laws-and-regulations/worker-rights-and- responsibilities Many organisations cover the responsibilities of employees in their policies, procedures, induction programs, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and employee handbooks. These documents will give you some guidance into the expectations, culture and requirements of your workplace. Hazards and risks It is everyone’s re sponsibility to ensure they identify and report hazards and risks in the workplace. A ‘hazard’ can be anything that has the potential to harm. Hazards can include things like – equipment or machinery, exposure to electrical currents, heights, loud noise, dangerous chemicals or substances and so on. A hazard is also known as the ‘source’ of potential harm/injury. Types of hazards can include exposure to: • Chemicals • Extreme heat or cold • Crushing • Unprotected equipment • Spillage • Infectious material (e.g. asbestos) • Lifting and moving equipment • Cuts and bruising • Uneven or slippery surfaces • Moving parts • Gas / Fuel • Falls from heights • Lack of oxygen • Contacting with moving parts • Electrical installations A ‘risk’ is the likelihood or level of impact determined when a hazard has been identified. The important thing to note is that the level of risk is dependent on the hazard and will either increase or decrease in impact and severity.
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 17 of 62 Types of hazards The three main hazard groups: 1. Physical • Noise • Electrical • Radiation • Structural collapse/damage • Slips/falls • Temperature • Holes/trenches • Electrical safety work in confined spaces • Excavations, including trenches • Falling objects 2. Chemical • Gas • Dusts • Inhalation • Intoxication • Skin exposure to dangerous substances • Chemical spills 3. Biological hazards • Bodily fluids • Viruses • Bacteria • Blood borne/contracted diseases • HIV and other infectious diseases
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 18 of 62 Acute and chronic hazards ‘Acute hazards’ are those that have an obvious and immediate impact e.g. slippery floor where there is an immediate danger of someone slipping or being injured. ‘Chronic hazards’ have a more hidden, cumulative, long -term impact e.g. workplace bullying, where the long-term impact may result in stress or other psychological injury. Hazard management process: If you identify a hazard in your workplace you are obliged under the law to report it. Usually your employer will have a form to be completed. The information required includes; your name, the date and time, area and your supervisor’s name. You need to des cribe what happened or the nature of the hazard. The form also asks you to suggest some possible solutions to the problem. Identify the hazards Assess the risks Implement risk control measures
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 19 of 62 Watch the following You Tube video: ‘ Reducing slips, trips and falls on house construction sites ’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMqyinvXfZo Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Moving materials safely around house construction sites’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3RZr6YLQPho Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Managing waste on house construction sites’: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muzvbOcezDc
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 20 of 62 Incident reporting The following information on incident reporting has been taken from https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/incident-reporting Certain sorts of workplace mishaps must be reported to your regulator, according to the model WHS Act. Only the most serious safety accidents must be reported to your regulator, and they trigger requirements to maintain the incident site pending further instructions from your regulator. Notifiable incidents Notifiable incidents are: • The death of a person — whether an employee, contractor or member of the public. • A serious injury or illness. • A dangerous incident that exposes any person to a serious risk, even if no one is injured. If a notifiable incident occurs the model WHS Act states that: • The regulator must be immediately notified. • Written notification must be submitted within 48 hours if requested by the regulator. • The incident site is preserved until an inspector arrives or directs otherwise. However, this doesn’t prevent any action to help an injured person or make the site safe. Call 000 if there is an immediate risk to life. Refer to your state/territory regulator for further information. Types of risks Inherent risk The combination of likelihood and consequence assigned to a particular hazard under the assumption that there are no control measures in place. Residual risk The risk assessed with the control measures in place. To manage the residual risk, every effort must be made to ensure the implemented control measures have taken into account both the reduction of ‘likelihood’ and ‘consequence’. Residual risk is assessed to ensure the implemented control measures provide appropriate protection, thereby resulting in an acceptable level of risk. Typically, if the residual risk is: • Low, then the approval of the relevant supervisor is required prior to the job commencing • Moderate/Medium, then the approval of the relevant department supervisor is required prior to the job commencing • High/Extreme, then the approval of the department manager or superintendent is required prior to the job commencing If the inherent and residual risks that have been identified, you will then need to assess the consequences of those risks. Once you have determined the consequences, you can implement appropriate safety measures/controls
Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 21 of 62 Risk assessment rating matrix The risk assessment rating matrix is used to determine the current risk and residual risk for each identified task and hazard. Consider the following: 1. What is the worst possible consequence of this hazard? 2. What is the likelihood of this occurring? Consequence Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Catastrophic Likelihood Almost certain High High Extreme Extreme Extreme Likely Moderate High High Extreme Extreme Possible Low Moderate High Extreme Extreme Unlikely Low Low Moderate High Extreme Rare Low Low Moderate High High Likelihood The likelihood or probability of injury, illness or damage occurring is categorised as follows: Level Description Almost certain Most likely outcome, could occur any time (daily) Likely Likely to occur, even 50/50 chance (weekly) Possible Might occur at some time (monthly) Unlikely Unlikely to occur, but history of the event exists within the industry (yearly) Rare Practically impossible, no known history of event occurring, in exceptional circumstances
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 22 of 62 Consequence The consequence for injury and illness is categorised as follows: Severity Description Catastrophic Multiple fatalities, extensive financial loss, severe business disruption, severe environmental damage Major Fatality, significant financial loss, major business disruption, major environmental damage Moderate Serious injury with a long period (10 days or more) off work and/or permanent impairment, substantial financial loss, notable business disruption (more than 1 day) Minor Lost time injury but not permanent impairment with less than 10 days off work, contaminant release contained without outside assistance, notable financial loss, a slight business disruption (property damage) Insignificant Superficial injury or illness such as minor cuts and bruises, first aid treatment, negligible financial loss, minor property damage, contaminant release immediately contained Likelihood Consequence Severity
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 23 of 62 Risk management priority Risks will be prioritised and managed as follows: Priority Description Extreme • Action to reduce risk is mandatory • If work is in progress and an activity is identified as extreme risk – cease work immediately • Work will not commence until action has been taken to lower the risk to another category High • Action to reduce risk is mandatory • If work is in progress and an activity is identified as high risk – consider ceasing work • Immediate action must be taken or controls implemented to reduce the risk • Approval must be obtained from management to continue work Moderate • Action to reduce risk should be taken • Action must be based on the Hierarchy of Controls • Short-term action can be administrative controls or protective equipment • Employees must be made aware of the risk and controls to be taken • Plans for further mitigation must be implemented Low • Action to reduce risk should be taken • Action must be based on the Hierarchy of Controls • Administrative procedures or protective equipment may control the risk Hierarchy of Control The Hierarchy of Control outlines the types of controls that can be implemented to mitigate and eliminate safety hazards. Effectiveness Type of control Example Most effective Least effective Elimination Discontinue use of product or equipment, and cease work process. Substitution Can the task, process, equipment be substituted with a less hazardous one? Isolation Can the hazard be isolated to prevent exposure? Engineering controls Can the task, equipment, process be re-designed to reduce the risk? Administration controls Provide training, information to employees to ensure they can work safely. Personal protective equipment Equipment provided to place a barrier between employee and the hazard.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 24 of 62 Personal protective equipment (PPE) Personal protective equipment is also known as (PPE). Personal protective equipment helps to protect workers against potential injuries. PPE must be worn according to worksite rules and regulations. While the use of PPE is the least effective control because it does not remove the danger, and relies on the individual to use the PPE effectively, it is necessary to protect workers for many of the tasks in the construction industry. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) comprises a range of clothing and equipment which is worn by employees, students, contractors or visitors as appropriate to protect or shield their bodies from workplace hazards. There are many types of PPE that can be considered in categories, based on the type of protection afforded by the equipment. Respiratory protection e.g. disposable, cartridge, air-line, half or full face Eye protection e.g. spectacles/goggles, shields, visors Hearing protection e.g. ear muffs and plugs Hand protection e.g. gloves and barrier creams Foot protection e.g. shoes/boots Head protection e.g. helmets, caps, hoods, hats Protection from falls e.g. harness and fall arrest devices Skin protection e.g. hats, sunburn cream, long sleeved clothes Other protection e.g. protective clothing for extremely hot or cold environments Legal requirements related to PPE: Employer’s obligations Employee’s obligations • Ensure that all workers have personal protective equipment (PPE). • Ensure each item of PPE is appropriate for each particular workplace hazard. • Ensure each item of PPE is appropriate for each individual worker. • Provide training in appropriate use of PPE. • Provide additional training to supervisors to ensure they understand their role in enforcing the wearing and use of PPE. • Ensure all PPE meets the appropriate standards. • Ensure all PPE is cleaned and maintained. • Use the protective clothing or equipment in a manner in which he or she has been properly instructed to use it. • Do not misuse or damage the clothing or equipment. • As soon as reasonably practicable after becoming aware of any damage to, malfunction of, or need to clean or sterilise the clothing or equipment, notify the person providing the clothing or equipment and/or your supervisor.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 25 of 62 Scaffold (Mobile or Fixed) A mobile scaffold is the most common type of used for this type of work. The size and type will depend on the size and location of the job, and the heights of the bulkheads. Consult the plans, specifications and engineers instructions. A fixed scaffold may require a licence to erect and dismantle. The new code of practice, Managing the Risk of Fall at Workplace, Safe Work Australia stipulates: ‘A person with management or control of a workplace must not allow the use of a scaffold from which a person or object could fall more than four metres unless a competent person provides written confirmation that the scaffold has been completed.’ The person with management or control of a workplace must also ensure that a competent person inspects the scaffold before use, after any incident that could reduce its stability (such as a severe storm), after it has been altered or repaired, and at least every 30 days; and that only authorised persons have access to incomplete and unattended scaffolding. AS/NZS4576: Guidelines for Scaffolding and AS/NZS1576: Scaffolding are the Australian Standards that must be adhered to in reference to mobile scaffolds. These standards require the following: • All toe boards, handrails and mid-rails must be in place before use • The mobile scaffold must be set up plumb so that access is available from inside the scaffold • Access wells must be locked down and the scaffold vacated by everyone working on it before it is moved Elevating Work Platforms Types of elevating work platforms include boom lifts, scissor lifts, cherry pickers and travel towers. A Boom Lift is a single extendable arm; it is hydraulically operated, with a work platform at the end that can be raised to height. Electric-powered platforms are recommended for internal works because of fume issues from engine-powered models. Elevating work platforms should be used in preference to ladders when space restrictions prevent the use of scaffold. Critical points to consider in using elevating work platforms include: • They must be used only by trained operators • They must be used only on a solid surface • Use a safety harness or fall arrest system when working from elevating work platforms • A licensed operator must be used for boom types with a boom length greater than 1m/ Trestles and Planks Trestles are a type of ladder frame consisting of horizontal beams or edges held up by a pair of splayed legs at each end. According to Safe Work Australia, any work platform such as a trestle must be at least 450mm wide. The code of practice stipulates that trestle ladder scaffolds are suitable only for use at heights above 2m when guardrails and toe boards are incorporated to prevent people and material falling off the working platform. Outriggers should be used to create greater stability and should only be used for light-duty work such as painting or rendering. They are not to be used for supporting loads such as roller shutters, bulkhead frames and other construction materials.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 26 of 62 Barricades and Signage As a structure starts to appear, there are more chances of dangerous situations occurring, so some barricading and signage may be necessary. As the structure is developing some height, there is a chance of someone falling or of having something fall on them. Or there may be sharp, unprotected objects in the construction. The priorities when planning are to: • Eliminate dangers as much as possible • Barricade any danger if necessary to keep people out • Place signage that will alert people to any other dangers. As the roof trusses are being erected, then plans need to be put in place to do that work safely. Obtain a `safe work at heights’ code or similar booklet from your state or territory, and study this in regard to your site. If there is a chance of falling from a height where there is enough risk of injury (specific heights may vary with each state and territory in Australia), then a hierarchy of controls must be implemented, as follows: Do the job at ground level Try to bring the job to ground level so that there is no risk of falling. Install fixed guardrails Put up a solid barrier or handrail so you cannot fall EWP Use mobile scaffold or elevated work platform (EWP) Fall resistant system Use a fall resistant system incorporating a harness and fixed length lanyard to stop you reaching the edge Limited free fall Use a limited free fall device such as a reel to limit fall to less than 600mm Fall arrest system Use a fall arrest system incorporating a harness, lanyard and an emergency absorber to arrest you should you fall Design the work to avoid the dangers associated with the height. If there is no way to avoid working within the height zone, then design ways to work there safely. For example, could a platform be built next to the work to remove the danger? If this isn’t practical, then you may need to harness the workers so that if they do fall, they will be restrained and not be injured. Harnesses may require adjustment during the work process to cater for the job you are doing. Also consider the potential for tools to fall and injure others, and ensure you minimise this hazard. Of course, harnesses need securing to something, so they may not always be practicable.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 27 of 62 Signage There may be occasions where the area you’re setting out needs to be isolated from the public or other workers. Barricades are temporary fences that restrict entry to an area. Tape or plastic fencing can be used if a barricade is required. While there are no specific safety signs used for setting out, you must still recognise and follow all other safety signs on the site. Read and follow safety warning signs In every work place you will find different hazard signs and symbols displayed to let people know of any potential hazards which may be in the area. It is extremely important that you are aware of what the hazard signs and symbols mean at your workplace and wh at you should and shouldn’t do in that area to reduce risk of an accident. Apart from hazard signs and symbols the workplace is likely to have safety signs. The safety signs should be placed where everyone can see them – their directions are mandatory, which means people in the workplace MUST do what they indicate. Safety signage on the construction site All construction sites should be equipped with correct signage. This includes correct signage for barriers/barricades and onsite machinery and equipment. Safety signage on the construction site helps anyone be aware of any potential dangers or hazards onsite. Work areas should be isolated to protect not only other workers and people in the vicinity, but also to protect the work being done. Work areas can be isolated by: • Using barrier tape • Using witches hats • Barricading the area • Erecting fencing • Erecting signage • Verbally informing other trades not to enter the work area whilst work is being conducted There are a variety of signage used on any construction worksite, although the common categories of signs fall into the following: • Mandatory signs • Danger signs • Warning signs • Emergency signs Types of safety signs: Pictures Words Words and pictures Images source: www.australiansafetysigns.net.au
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 28 of 62 Categories of safety signs: Stop and Prohibition – ‘You must not’ The sign will have a RED circle and cross bar, WHITE background and BLACK symbol. Caution – ‘Take care’ The sign will have a YELLOW background, BLACK border and BLACK symbol. Mandatory – ‘You must take appropriate measures whilst in the area’ The sign will have a BLUE background, WHITE symbol and picture inside. Emergency information The sign will be a square or rectangle with a GREEN or RED background and a WHITE symbol. Danger – ‘Be careful’ Fire Images source: www.australiansafetysigns.net.au
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 29 of 62 Plant, tools and equipment selected to carry out tasks are consistent with job requirements, checked for serviceability, and any faults are rectified or reported prior to commencement Tools and equipment The basic hand and power tools required to construct bulkheads include: • Clamps – for temporary holding • Saw stools • Metal crimping tools • Scaffolding • Hammers • Screw guns • Levelling tools – laser, spirit • Squares – builders, tri and combination • Marking equipment • Straight edges • Measuring tapes and rules • String lines • Nail guns • Template – marking materials • Pop riveters • Tin snips • Power leads Specialist power tools include: • Compound mitre saws • Compressors • Explosive power tools – a user licence may be required • Power drills – masonry drills and bits. Construction Equipment When constructing bulkheads, particularly in commercial developments, you will be required to work at heights above 1.5m, which will require some form of raised work platform. There are number of options, and the right one for the job will depend on site access, the size of the work being constructed and the amount of time required to do the work. The main types of work platforms are discussed further below, after we consider the work health and safety implications of constructing bulkheads.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 30 of 62 Material quantity requirements are calculated in accordance with plans, specifications and quality requirements. Materials appropriate to the work application are identified, obtained, prepared, safely handled and located ready for use Materials include: • Bolts and nuts • Pop rivets • Masonry anchors • Prefabricated components • Metal • Rivets • Nails and spikes • Screws • Patented metal fasteners • Timber. Material Weights Plasterboard The weight of the board will depend on the type and thickness of plasterboard being used, and the number of layers required. (For example, multiple layers may be required to meet fire regulations in multi-residential construction.) You should consult your manufacturer’s table of properties to get the most accurate information. The weight of medium-density fibreboard (MDF) sheeting depends on its thickness, which range from 6.9kg/m2 for 9mm board to 23kg/m2 for 32mm board. The material most commonly used for bulk heads is 12mm thick and weighs 9kg/m2. Particleboard weights range from 10.0kg/m2 for 12mm board to 12.85kg/m2 for 33mm board. The weight of framing material will also vary depending on the type of material. For example, timber is much heavier than steel framing when used to frame up houses. Timber Framing The weight of timber is generally expressed in kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3). The most commonly used framing timber in Australia is radiate pine, which weighs approximately 550kg/m3. When translated to lineal metres (m) for framing timber, for the main section sizes used in bulkheads, we would have the following weights: • 70mm x 35mm = 1.35 kg/m • 90mm x 45mm = 2.23 kg/m Steel Framing The weight of steel stud framing will depend on the thickness of the steel used in the construction. You will need to consult the technical specifications of the brand being used. Most manufacturers offer a design and specification service to help with technical details for jobs. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that contains information on the potential hazards (health, fire, reactivity and environmental) and how to work safely with the chemical product. The MSDS contains much more information about the material than the label. An MSDS must be followed when handling materials.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 31 of 62 Environmental requirements are identified for the project in accordance with environmental plans and statutory and regulatory authority obligations, and are applied. Noise The Regulations, Division 10 – Noise, outlines what must be done to protect workers from the dangers of excessive noise at work. The following are the Approved Codes of Practice under the OHSW Act: • National Code of Practice for Noise Management and Protection of Hearing at Work • AS 1270: 1988 Acoustics – Hearing Protectors. The Codes require all workers to be protected from the risk of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) during their work. If no engineering solution is available, either ear plugs or ear muffs can be used. Using hammers on metal during the building or takedown of formwork can result in exceptionally loud metal on metal impact noises. Because of its high impulsive noise level, such noise might cause immediate hearing impairment. Other loud noises, such as those produced by a circular saw, might gradually damage a person's hearing over time if exposed to them on a frequent basis. The use of the hearing protectors must be enforced where a risk assessment identifies them as the preferred option to control the risk. Construction site management frequently requires all workers to wear hearing protection at all times. Hearing protectors are frequently the sole choice for NIHL protection during formwork activities. Dust and atmospheric contaminants Division 17 – Ventilation of the OHSW Regulations describes obligations that must be met for atmospheric contaminants, including silica dust. While concrete is not a dangerous material in and of itself, formwork procedures can produce large levels of silica dust. Silica dust is a dangerous substance that is produced when power tools are used to cut, grind, chip, scrape, crush, or blast concrete. When dismantling building equipment or doing demolition work, silica dust might be formed to a lesser extent by sweeping or cleaning. The visibility of dust is not always an appropriate indicator of the level of risk. On building sites or other earthworks sites, highly visible dust produced by earthmoving equipment is unlikely to contain harmful quantities of respirable silica dust. Other activities, on the other hand, may produce dangerous levels of silica dust, even if it is hardly visible. All reasonable steps must be taken to minimise the exposure to silica dust. Silica dust that is generated during formwork can be controlled by: • Using dust extraction or a wet process as a dust suppressant engineering control • Providing respirators (as a last resort) where dust is likely to exceed permissible levels. Housekeeping – access and storage Formwork construction creates a dynamic work environment with limited access through frames and formwork supports, as well as enormous amounts of material and trash. As a result, it is necessary to review housekeeping procedures on a regular basis in order to maintain a safe and productive workplace. Include cleanliness as an important part of any job, whether through work instructions, regular workplace inspections, or site/task induction training. Instructions should provide time and resources for cleaning up work areas in stages to avoid trash and redundant materials becoming a trip hazard and to allow safe access for mechanical aids.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 32 of 62 Access and egress Division 1 – Access and egress – of the OHSW Regulations requires that there be unobstructed access to and from the workplace. For the safe transportation of supplies, equipment, and anyone on-site, clear access is essential. Access points should be clearly marked, and anybody on site should be directed to utilise them. Any trash, plants, or items must be kept out of the access paths. Green hazard tape/bunting or other visual approaches can clearly highlight where access ways are situated in particular scenarios. This is especially critical when formwork frames are used to gain access. Emergency access and egress must be provided to all parts of the workplace. The following situations should be considered: • Stretcher access and egress • People carrying tools and equipment • Use of stairs • Provision of two means of egress at all times Environmental requirements Environmental requirements include: • Clean-up protection • Noise and dust • Vibration • Waste management. Fibre-cement sheets are made without the use of asbestos. However, a carpenter may be called upon to work on remodelling or repair jobs where asbestos sheeting may be present. Eaves lining was traditionally made of asbestos sheeting, and a tradesperson may encounter asbestos sheeting on a regular basis while working on remodelling or repair projects. A work-safe tradesperson will explore the most up-to-date methods for thoroughly and properly removing this hazardous material (for more information, check your state's work safety authority website or offices). All construction projects have the potential to have a detrimental environmental impact. More than a third of landfill waste comes from the construction industry, and the majority of what is discarded could be reclaimed. Even though setting out tasks have a relatively low impact on the environment, you’ll still need to: 1 Remove general waste 2 Discard, reuse or recycle any materials you use 3 Use dust suppression techniques if the ground is significantly disturbed 4 Make sure your clean-up procedures and products do not damage the environment. You must be aware of your responsibilities with regard to the requirements of your state or territory Regulations and any existing site environmental management plan (EMP).
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 33 of 62 Environmental protection requirements Environmental protection requirements are part of every worksite – regulations/requirements are important to consider during the planning and preparation stage because you need to be aware of what type of work you are allowed to perform in the physical environment by law. Environmental regulations provide a guideline on what you can or can’t use, for example, using certain chemicals as they have a negative impact to both the physical environment and on human health. Another example is the way in which waste should be disposed of in order to avoid the adverse effects that waste can have on the environment. Make sure you check with your supervisor about what environmental issues need to be managed during your work. All environmental details should be liste d in an ‘Environmental Management Plan’ for the site. It can include details for: • Waste management • Water quality protection • Stormwater management • Noise control • Vibration control • Dust management • Clean-up management There are various environmental protection regulations that are applicable. These include: • Environment Protection (Residential Noise) Regulations 2008 • Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations 2009 • Pollution of Waters by Oil and Noxious Substances Regulations 2012 Violations to these regulations can be reported to the Environment Protection Authority Victoria (EPA), to the local council, police etc. Resource efficiency and waste minimisation Recycling processes and procedures help to minimise negative impacts upon the environment by saving the earth’s resources (oil, soil, water). Recycling reducing how much energy we consume, in addition to reducing pollution and minimising the effects of global warming. Always reuse and recycle materials where possible. See below for some examples of how materials can be reused: Concrete • Can be washed and used on other projects • Can be crushed and reused for road fill Bricks/Tiles/Glass • Can be cleaned and/or sold • Can be crushed and used as gravel, aggregate or road fill Aluminium/Plastics • Can be recycled into new products • Can be used on other projects • Can be sold or made into a new product Timber • Salvaged timber and wood products can be reused and recycled • Timber can be re-milled, de-nailed, sawn to size and turned into new timber products If materials can’t be recycled, it is important to dispose of the waste safely and appropriately. Placing signage around the workplace is a good way to remind others to recycle and to dispose of materials and waste appropriately. It is always important to follow your organisational policies for waste disposal.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 34 of 62 Re-use and disposal of soil Excess soil refers to the soil that has been excavated which either cannot or will not be reused at the site where it was excavated. EPA Victoria provides guidance on the appropriate re-use or disposal of excess soil to mitigate and avoid adverse effects on human and environmental health. Soil has the potential to contain contaminants such as chemicals and asbestos. Contaminated soils cannot always be reused – disposal methods adopted depend on the nature of the contaminated material. Some types of contaminated soils must either be disposed of offsite and professionally treated. For further information on the re-use and disposal of soil, visit https://www.epa.vic.gov.au/for- business/new-laws-and-your-business/manage-waste/waste-classification/managing-waste-soil Project Environmental Management Plan An EMP details the environmental management requirements to be followed. EMP should include: • The requirements for environmental management during the planning, implementation, evaluation and review of construction activities • The responsibilities for implementing this EMP • The Project Delivery Standards (PDS) including environmental controls to ensure that project objectives and targets are achieved • An overview of the environmental monitoring programs and contingency plans and associated management actions • The transition arrangements from construction phase to operations
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 35 of 62 Learning Activities Section 1 1.1 Describe why material safety data sheets and site storage details should be collected. 1.2 List 4 critical points to consider when using elevating work platforms. 1 2 3 4
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 36 of 62 1.3 List 4 environmental requirements. 1 2 3 4 1.4 List 10 basic hand and power tools required to construct bulkheads. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 37 of 62 1.5 When work is being conducted in pedestrian areas over a short period of time: Barricade tapes can be used to isolate the area Temporary barricades can be erected High-visibility cones can be placed Any of the above 1.6 An area of 6.2m 2 is to be clad in plasterboard. If plasterboard sheets are 2400 x 1200 mm, how many sheets will need to be purchased? Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 38 of 62 Section 2 – Construct bulkheads Bulkhead is set out to plans and specifications Plan reading and setting out When constructing bulkheads you will have a set of drawings and specifications to follow. Make sure you follow them, and always check the manufacturer’s ins tructions before using any new products. Mistakes cost both time and money. If substituting cheaper materials for specified materials, you need to ensure they have the same technical properties and are a good match to those specified. Always get written permission from the owner, builder architect or project manager before substituting. Check all drawings carefully before pricing a job. Use a checklist or standardised form to list the materials required for the work. Check drawing legends and mark off sections as you list them, to make sure you haven’t missed anything. Check for direction lines and drawing number that may be indicated by arrowheads linking one drawing to another. Special mould details may not necessarily appear on all drawings, so you may need to clarify these with the owners or architects. It may be they have to be matched, in which case you may need to purchase special cutters to do the job. Once you have been given the job, you will need to inspect the site and take measurements, taking note of levels, plumb and datum. (A datum is a point, line or surface used as a basis for measurement or calculation in surveying or building setting out.) W atch the following You Tube video: ‘What is datum height & How do you set it out?’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n2RLBBfY5oA
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 39 of 62 Site Measurements Taking accurate site measurements is a critical part of the procedure for building bulkheads. Site checking ensures that variations and tolerances are allowed for during construction. The measurements you take will impact on the accuracy of the manufactured product, whether you are building on-site or part of the construction is manufactured off-site. The process of site measuring involves not only reading and recording measurements, but also checking levels on roof structures and floors, and plumb on walls, columns and partitions. When measuring openings or spaces, you need to consider a number of critical points to ensure a quality finish. For example, when measuring for height you need to check the measurements at several points because floors may be out of level. Use a long straight edge to gauge if the floor is out of level. Alternatively, you can use a dumpy level (which takes levels with a short, fixed horizontal telescope), or automatic or laser level, for greater accuracy. Measuring tools include: • Tape measure or folding rule (pencil) • Spirit level – 1200mm or more – straight edge • Dumpy level, laser level (rotating) or water level • Chalk line, string line • Masking tape – non-permanent marker pen Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Using measuring tools’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3M4rsWBYaIA By setting up a line-of-sight or laser level, you create a datum from which all measurements for a bulkhead or ceiling height can be measured. When taking measurements, ensure you check and note any variations in the levels of the following: • Overhead construction, such as ceilings, concrete beams and lintels • Floors – check for humps and hollows • Walls – check for plumb bows and hollows • Alignments of openings or faces – use a string line or chalk line
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 40 of 62 A datum can be referred to as a reduced level (RL) that is referred back to an original datum point set for the project. You may need to work with the site controller to establish this correct datum for the job. Reference points should be marked on the surrounding structure during setting out. Use pencil or chalk to make the points, as ink-based markers can bleed through painted surfaces later. Chalk can be washed off with water. Height measurements on plans are usually between finished ceiling height (FCL) and finished floor level (FFL). In many case, you can take your site measurements before the floors have been finished. For example, if the room or space is to have a tiled floor you may need to take into account of the thickness of bedding materials plus the thickness of tile in calculating heights or establishing datum marks. When marking out, if the walls and floors already have a finished surface applied, you need to use masking tape with a non-permanent marker to set out datum and other marks to avoid spoiling the finishes. Refer to a checklist and a copy of plans when taking site measurements. Actual measurements can then be checked against plans and any discrepancies noted. The impact of relocating any of the above items needs to be considered carefully so as not to interfere with the operation of roller grilles, automatic doors or other building features. In the case of fire sprinkler services, any relocation may be impacted by regulations and codes, so always check whether redesign of the layout in necessary. Types of bulkheads Watch the following You Tube video: ‘How to form bulkheads ep 13.’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KolIoCDEggE
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 41 of 62 Simple Infill Bulkheads Most often found filling in the gap between overhead cabinets and ceilings, simple infill bulkheads are often on the original plans for buildings but also are retro fitted when renovating domestic kitchens. Kitchen Bulkheads Bulkheads in kitchens are used generally to close the gap between the top of the cabinets and the ceiling and to hide exhaust ducts. Depending on the panels being used to line the bulkheads, battens are fixed to ceiling joists (or bottom chords) when the run of cabinets is at 90° to the joists, trimmers are inserted between the joists or trusses and then a batten is fixed across the trimmers. Remember, when setting out the battens, to allow for the thickness of wall and bulkhead lining materials. In some cases, the bulkhead lining materials may not be plasterboard but a material matching the kitchen front. Check the specifications and drawings for details. Retro Fitting Bulkheads If the bulkhead is to be retro fitted as part of renovation, you will need to remove some sort of the existing wall and ceiling linings to expose the framework beneath in order to locate the direction of the ceiling joists and position of the wall studs. The opening created by removing wall and ceiling linings will allow you to insert trimmers between the ceiling joists or truss frames and insert noggins in wall frames or attach ledgers. This makes it easier to fix other framing members and to prepare the walls for correct lining fixing later. Note: Roof trusses are generally designed to carry the imposed loads of roof materials such as metal or tiles. If installing bulkheads to roof trusses, ensure they have been designed to carry the additional load. To ensure the minimum weight is added, use metal stud and track as the framing material. To remove the lining material, you will need to remove sufficient material to expose enough joists, trusses and studwork to insert trimmers and noggins. Some exploratory holes may need to be made to determine their position and fixing methods. Trim the ceiling lining back to the closest ceiling joists, batten or furring channel using a utility knife and straight edge to score the face of the plasterboard before removing the lining materials. For other lining materials – for example, timber lining boards – a portable power saw may be used. In all circumstances, locate the position of any electrical cables and ensure they are relocated and/or power is isolated or shut off to ensure safe removal. If a roof space is accessible, it is wise to enter the space and raise the cabling out of the way to ensure the cables won’t be cut. You may need to have a licensed electrician isolate the various electrical elements that may be affected. Removing wall and ceiling lining material will be messy, and the dust may contain hazardous particles. Ensure you wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including dust masks and safety glasses to protect yourself from falling materials. Use drop sheets or ply cover sheets to cover and protect finished floors and to catch falling debris. If cabinets are already in place, use a spirit level to plumb the face of the cabinets up to the ceiling. Then use a chalk line to mark the position before removing lining materials.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 42 of 62 Shadow Line Bulkheads In modern kitchens, shadow lines are often used at ceiling level to give the neat, clean lines that are so popular today. In many cases, pre-finished panels face the bulkhead. These require use of the secret fixing method, such as a split battens, and proprietary brand hardware to fix the panels. If shadow lines are required at the top or bottom of the bulkhead, different fixing methods may be used. Batten material should be dressed on exposed edges and painted before other materials are installed. Frameless Bulkheads In modern construction it is not uncommon for bulkheads to be constructed without framing. In domestic construction, where bulkheads are fixed to ceiling framing or roof trusses, framing timbers measuring 70mm x 35mm are fixed directly to the underside of the ceiling joist or trusses. \Where bulkheads run parallel to joists and trusses, trimmers need to be installed. Trimmers can be installed by nailing or using patented joists hangers, sometimes called ‘boots’. Watch the following You Tube video: ‘What is a bulkhead?’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVmsECQl2sE
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 43 of 62 Materials are selected in accordance with plans and specifications Bulkheads – including framed box-like, curved or geometrical structures – are used for decorative purposes, and to contain and conceal a range of structures and services. They are used to hide building components such as reinforced concrete beams, and to cover air-conditioning ducts, fire services, and other plumbing and electrical services, and other plumbing and electrical services. In residential constructions they are commonly found in kitchens to fill in the gap between wall cabinets and the ceiling, and to hide exhaust ducts. They can be decorated with cornices or mouldings, and may incorporate lighting and vents for the air-conditioning duct. They are usually constructed on-site, often using prefabricated components. Bulkheads are often used in buildings to define ceiling level changes, and to provide points for security systems and door mechanisms such as roller doors, bi-fold door tracks, pivot hinge fittings and automatic door mechanisms. Where these types of bulkheads are fitted, they must be well braced to reduce the amount of movement associated with moving parts. Access hatches are built in to allow for mechanism maintenance. Various materials can be used in the construction of bulkheads, including: • Metal stud and track – commonly used in modern construction. • Timber for framing – common sizes are 70mm x 35mm, and 45mm x 45mm. • Plasterboard – most commonly, standard, but fire-rated and acoustic boards are used. • Laminate over particle board or similar sheet material – commonly used in shopfronts. Sometimes all these materials are used in combination. The function of a bulkhead can be to carry signage or lighting, or to cover a roller grille to secure a shop. When used to hide roller shutters, the bulkhead is sometimes referred to as a hamper . Bulkhead trimmers and plates are cut in accordance with set out and job requirements Lightweight metal framing can be constructed using metal stud and track. In preparation for the bulkhead frames, trimmers are inserted between ceiling joists where the ceiling joists run parallel to the bulkhead frames. Frame can be fixed directly to the bottom of the joists. ( Note: If fixing bulkhead frames to roof truss frames, check they have been designed to handle the additional loads imposed.) Nail the bulkhead frames temporarily into position, with Hoop Iron (Galvanised or coated thin metal strapping) fashioned to tie to the ceiling joist. Instead of twisting up your own strapping, you can use a joist hanger (a metal bracket that holds joist ends to other building components’ beams), or ‘triple grip’ that is a lready fashioned for similar tasks. Watch the following You Tube video: ‘How to install a joist hanger’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hv27hrOz0g
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 44 of 62 Fasteners are selected ensuring that the method employed is capable of carrying the load of the finished product. Bulkhead is assembled and fixed in position to application and requirements for line, level and plumb in construction projects in accordance with job specifications Choosing the Right Fasteners The choice of the correct fasteners to fix or suspend bulkheads and hampers will depend on the type of groundwork to which it is being fixed and, critically, the weights to be suspended. The groundwork may be concrete slab, timber or metal frame components. Generally, if fixing to timber ceiling joists, battens or trusses, screws, nails and metal hoop iron strapping will be used. Alternatively, cleats can be used to support timber bulkhead frames and hampers with screws, bolts or coach screws. Never use nailing as the primary, or only, fixing method for any suspended building components. Fixing to concrete slabs can be done using a range of masonry anchors. Some of the more common ones include: • Dynabolt® is available with a range of head types to suit different types of suspension systems. Tie wire head, used in conjunction with suspension rods and brackets, is a commonly used anchor for suspended ceilings and framing • For heavier bulkhead frames and hampers, you may need to use heavy-duty masonry anchors with a threaded rod (also called a ‘booker rod’ • While nails are commonly used to assemble timber frames, screws of the appropriate length can also be used • Button or wafer head screws are commonly used in metal stud and track construction. Alternatively, a special crimping tool is used to fold or bend the metal to lock the frame components together. A google search will show a range of different types of stud and track crimping tools. Pop rivets are an alternative to screws and crimping but are more time consuming Watch the following You Tube video: ‘Concrete anchors: Which ones are better?’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9mKrj42sq4
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 45 of 62 In many cases, the type of fixing system will be specified. If you are unsure about the type of fixings to use to support a hanging load from a concrete rood, you should calculate the combined weight of all the materials used to construct and line the bulkhead. If the frames are going from wall to wall, you can’t just lift them straight up into position. First mark the walls and ceiling using a chalk line and spirit level, allowing for the lining materials. Raise the frames to the height required on an angle to the finished position, the pivot them into position. Use packing if necessary to ensure plumb and level before fixing the frames into position with screws, nails or other fasteners. Use clamps to secure frames to the ceiling joists, trusses or trimmers, and to hold them in place while they are being fixed. Alternatively, use temporary blocks and props to support the bulkhead frames during fixing operations. Making Bulkhead Frames Bulkhead frames are built similarly to wall frames. They have top and bottom plates and studs. Because they ’re generally non-load bearing, studs are spaced 600mm apart to work in with lining materials. If the bulkhead is being used to hide air-conditioning ducts, a roller shutter or other components, these items should be supported separately on the appropriate brackets or fastened to load-bearing building elements such as roof framing members (purlin, rafters) or specially designed or additional inserted elements. Stud clusters are required at corners for finishing off lining materials. Frames should be braced to keep them square. You can use timber bracing or metal speed bracing as an alternative. The frames are built on the ground. Mark the plates out for the studs as you would for a wall frame. Use the correct length nail to fasten the frames together, remembering to penetrate the end grain to at least the thickness of the material being nailed through. If the bulkhead doesn’t go from wall to wall, an end frame needs to be added. Your calculations need to take account of the end-frame components. Generally, in domestic construction, where ceiling heights are commonly 2400mm, the frames will be light enough for two people to move them into position from the ground. A stepladder or set of trestles and two planks can be used to provide access to heights. Ensure you practise safe working at heights and abide by the safe working at heights code of practice. Remember that three points of contact should be maintained with the ladder at all times (i.e. two feet and one hand). If this is not possible, use trestles with handrails and take fall prevention measures. Watch the following You Tube video: ‘How to frame a bulkhead’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XqPOOcvsm4Y
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 46 of 62 Angled Corners When building bulkheads above kitchen wall cabinets, it is often easier to make the bulkhead a square corner. However, sometimes corners are angled and framed need to be built. The angled frame is constructed with over-length top and bottom plates and the ends are trimmed to fit. Metal stud and track is excellent for making these types of angled corners, as the track can be cut and folded to the desired angle. Metal frames are most commonly made using this method. Fixing to Concrete Slabs When fixing to concrete slabs, sections of metal tracks can be fixed to the concrete slab using explosive power tool and appropriate fasteners. You will need to refer to the metal frame material manufacturer tables of specifications for spans and loads to identify the correct metal sections to use. Lining board sheets can be cut to the correct width, depending on the drop required, and screw fixed to the channel can be dropped from the track where joints occur and sheet lining screw-fixed ready for setting. To make the returns with the sheets hung from the drops, a section of furring channel is screw- fixed directly to the rear of the sheet. Screws are inserted through the face of the lining to prevent stripping. Any excess lining material can be trimmed away later using a utility knife against the edge of the track or channel, the metal corner angles fixed, and corners set with plastering materials. Fixing to a Truss Roof If fixing to a truss roof, you will likely find that the ceiling is supported on battens directly fixed to the bottom chord of the roof trusses. Alternatively, and commonly today, the ceiling is fastened off to a metal Furring Channel (a metal batten used to attach plasterboard lining) suspended from the bottom chord by patented brackets. In new construction the battening or furring channel should be positioned to take account of any bulkheads that are to be constructed. In retro fitted bulkheads (i.e. kitchen or bathroom renovations, or air-conditioning installation), sections of ceiling may need to be dropped and battening repositioned to allow for fixing of bulkhead frames. On the bottom chord of the trusses, set out the location of the bulkhead frames to be fitted so that the clips can be positioned accurately. Generally, in kitchens the top cabinets are around 300mm deep, so the positioning of the furring channel has to align with the centre of the bulkhead frame. When ceilings are installed it is best to align any furring channel or battens with the position of any parallel bulkhead frames that may be required for easy fixing. Simple steps for fixing the battens are: • Set the channel brackets at 600mm centres, using a loose fix to allow for height adjustments • Clip in the furring channel and use a string line to align the heights/level • Fix the brackets in position before fixing sheet material
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 47 of 62 Learning Activities Section 2 2.1 List 5 types of bulkheads. 1 2 3 4 5 2.2 List 4 materials that can be used in the construction of bulkheads. 1 2 3 4
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 48 of 62 2.3 How are the right type of fasteners selected? 2.4 In preparation for the bulkhead frames, ______________ are inserted between ceiling joists where the ceiling joists run parallel to the bulkhead frames. Hoop irons Trimmers Fibre cement sheets Jack studs None of the above 2.5 Bulkheads are to be fixed in position to application and requirements for: Plumb Level Line All of the above Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 49 of 62 Section 3 – Clean up Work area is cleared and materials disposed of, reused or recycled in accordance with legislation, regulations, codes of practice and job specification. Plant, tools and equipment are cleaned, checked, maintained and stored in accordance with manufacturer recommendations and standard work practices. Cleaning up The task of constructing bulkheads is finished only when the tools involved in construction have been maintained, repaired and put away for the next job. Nail guns, in particular, have a lot of moving parts and should be cleaned and serviced regularly. The manufacturer’s instructions will contain advice on what to do. Metal blades should be sharpened (and oiled if needed, to prevent rust), the site should be cleared of rubbish and scraps of timber, and time should be taken to make sure there is room for the next stage of construction and for other trades who may be using the bulkheads to run service lines through. Ensure that the area is clear of trip hazards and safe for other workers to use. Keep your tools in a dry place. It seems obvious, but garages and basements and other enclosed spaces can have humidity issues, especially if they are not heated or air- conditioned. If you keep your tools in a location like this, especially if you keep them out on shelves or pegboards, consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the dampness level down. They're not terribly expensive, especially compared to your investment in your tools, and most let you set a humidity level so the dehumidifier turns on only when it needs to. Store power tools in their original cases Unless you have a climate-controlled workshop, your best bet for storing power tools is the hard-plastic cases they come with. Not only are they kept safe from humidity, they're better-protected in general. Use silica gel packs or rust collector The silica gel packs that come in lots of packaging are great at keeping moisture at bay. Toss them in drawers or toolboxes and they can help keep rust away. You can also buy rust inhibitors for the same purpose, and even anti-rust liners for drawers and shelves.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 50 of 62 Tools and plant Plant is “any machinery, equipment (including scaffolding), appliance, implement or tool and any component or fitting thereof or accessory thereto”. Plant is machinery that processes material by way of a mechanical action which • Cuts, drills, punches or grinds • Presses forms, hammers, joins, or moulds material • Combines, mixes, sort, packages, assembles, knits or weaves material. Plant also includes lifts, cranes, tractors, earth moving equipment, pressure equipment, hoists, powered mobile plant, plant that lifts or moves people or materials, amusement structures, high powered lasers, turbines, explosive powered tools, scaffolds, chisels, saws, photocopiers, desks, filing cabinets and temporary access equipment. Plant should be maintained, cleaned and inspected in accordance with the recommendations of the designer, manufacturer and supplier including all safety features and warning devices maintained and tested regularly. Where practicable the systems of work (SOP) should involve the stopping plant before maintenance, cleaning or repairs are commenced and the use of lockout or isolation devices and permit to work systems. Where plant is currently in use, supervisors are required to carry out regular inspections to monitor risks to safety and health. Tools, plant and equipment Tools can be expensive and they need to be looked after when a job is completed to ensure that they remain in good working condition and are safe to use and ready for the next project. Inspection Before you start a job you must first check tools and equipment for damage or faults. For example: • With leads and cables – check for fraying or exposed wires, bent or loose plugs • With cutting edges and blades – check whether they are blunt or damaged • With metal components – look for corrosion or rust. If you find any faults, attach a repair tag and remove the equipment from use immediately. Report all faults on a worksite or in a workshop to a store person or supervisor. Damaged tools must be repaired but this should be done only by trained personnel. Some faults can be fixed only by a specialist or licensed electrician. Check the dates on inspection tags to make sure that power tools and extension leads are still safe to use and in accordance with Regulations. Make a note of upcomi ng inspection dates if they’re likely to occur before the next time the tool is used.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 51 of 62 Maintenance Regular maintenance helps to preserve the quality of tools, keep them safe and extend their lives. Doing a little maintenance each time you complete a job or project can prevent costly and time - consuming repairs or replacement. Maintenance, which should always be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and guidelines, includes: • Sharpening chisels, planes and saw blades • Replacing damaged or worn components e.g. blades, belts • Cleaning or replacing air filters, etc. Storage of tools, plant and equipment Theft is a big problem in the construction industry – particularly the theft of tools and construction equipment. Good quality construction equipment is normally really expensive, and pretty easy to conceal once it’s stolen. Likewise, building materials left out in the open on construction sites also have the potential to be removed late at night by opportunistic thieves. Many professionals have heavy-duty lockable compartments on their Utes or vans for storing tools, but huge equipment is sometimes more practical to leave on site. Builders will frequently use a special lock-up container on the job site to keep goods secure and prevent them from being harmed by rain or severe weather. Shipping containers and lock up storage boxes Perhaps the most practical and common way to keep tools and materials safe on a building site is to lock them safely away inside a shipping container. These containers come in all shapes and sizes to suit just about any site, and can be hired or bought and delivered directly to the site as they’re needed Special racks are installed in certain shipping containers to store piping and other long goods. Smaller lockable storage boxes are also available, which can be customised for a variety of uses and requirements.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 52 of 62 Learning Activities Section 3 3.1 When is the task of constructing bulkhead officially finished? 3.2 Explain the cleaning process of power tools. 3.3 Taking the time to inspect your tools every time you use them is one of the most important things you can do to ensure not only your safety while using them, but the longevity of your tools as well. ☐ True ☐ False Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 53 of 62 Further Reading Code_of_practice_-_construction_work (Supplementary document) NCC 2019 Volume Two (Supplementary document) Environment Protection Act 2017 (Supplementary document) https://www.legislation.vic.gov.au/in-force/acts/environment-protection-act- 2017/004 Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 (Supplementary document) Model-cop-managing-the-risk-of-falls-at-workplaces (Supplementary document) Model-cop-preventing-falls-in-housing-construction (Supplementary document)
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 54 of 62 Learning Activities Record Unit of competency CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads Instructions for the Learner By signing the below, I hereby certify that the activities are my own work, based on my personal study and/or research. I have acknowledged that all materials and resources used have not been copied in part or whole, or otherwise plagiarised the work of other learning and/or other person. Instructions for the Trainer The Trainer is required to complete this Learning Task Record Sheet once the Learner has completed all requirements for the Learning Activities for this unit of competency, the Learner's work has been reviewed by the Trainer, and relevant feedback has been provided. Site: Learning Activity Satisfactory Date More evidence Date Learning Activities ☐ ☐ Context detail (Assessor to record) Attempt 1 ____/____/____ Attempt 2 ____/____/____ Attempt 3 ____/____/____ Appeals: If you receive a Not Satisfactory result you have the right to appeal. You have three assessment attempts. Assessor feedback to learner: The Assessor must write full feedback to the learner that is constructive and not generic. Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____ Assessor Name: Assessor Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 55 of 62 Simulated Learning Activities 1.1 Construct a bulkhead As a group you are required to construct a bulkhead, taking in turns to complete the following steps: 1. Measure the length of the bulkhead that will be installed in the hallway. It will be the distance from one side wall to the other. This measurement will give you the length of the board that will be nailed across the ceiling, which is referred to as the top plate. 2. Cut one of the boards to the length measured in Step 1 to create the top plate of the bulkhead. Put a mark on the board with the pencil to identify the specified length. Draw a straight line on it at this mark using the framing square as a straightedge. Cut along the line using the skill saw. 3. Repeat Step 2 to create the bottom plate, the board that runs horizontally across the bottom portion of the bulkhead. Measure the wall where the bottom board will go to make sure that it is indeed the same size as the top plate, before measuring and cutting. Ensure the walls are square. 4. Attach the top plate of the bulkhead to the ceiling with framing screws and a hammer. Make sure that there is a solid nailing surface above before you start driving in nails. Start at one end of the top plate about 1 inch from the vertical wall and put in two evenly spaced nails. Continue with two nails every 16 inches along the top plate to completely attach it to the ceiling, making sure that the nails are secured in the floor joists above the bulkhead. 5. Lay out the top plate for where the vertical studs will be located. Stretch the tape measure across the top plate and make a mark every 2 feet. With the framing square as a straightedge, make a line at each mark perpendicular to the top plate.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 56 of 62 6. Measure and cut studs for the top plate. Keep in mind that the top and bottom plates are each 1.5 inches wide. If you want a 12-inch bulkhead, the studs should be measured and cut to 9 inches long. Also, make two studs that will sit flush against the walls at either end of the bulkhead. 7. Attach the studs to the bulkhead using the construction adhesive and framing nails. Make sure that the studs are in the middle of the lines made during layout and that they remain flush with the edges of the top plate. Apply construction adhesive to the faces of the two end studs so that they are securely glued to each wall. Before nailing, put a bead of glue on the tops of the studs that are to be nailed to the top plate. Secure each one with three nails, two on one side of the stud and one on the opposite side, by nailing them at 45-degree angles. Ensure that the nails go through the stud and directly into the top plate. 8. Screw the bottom plate onto the bulkhead. Start with one of the far ends of the bulkhead along the wall. Put two screws through the bottom of the bottom plate directly into the stud above. Make sure that the ends of the stud are flush with the bottom plate. Repeat this process for the remainder of the studs, making sure to level each one with the torpedo level in the process. Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 57 of 62 Simulated Learning Activities Record Unit of competency CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads Instructions for the Learner By signing the below, I hereby certify that the activities are my own work, based on my personal study and/or research. I have acknowledged that all materials and resources used have not been copied in part or whole, or otherwise plagiarised the work of other learning and/or other person. Instructions for the Trainer The Trainer is required to complete this Simulated Learning Task Record Sheet once the Learner has completed all requirements for the Simulated Learning Activities for this unit of competency, the Learner's work has been reviewed by the Trainer, and relevant feedback has been provided. Site: Learning Activity Satisfactory Date More evidence Date Simulated Learning Activities ☐ ☐ Context detail (Assessor to record) Attempt 1 ____/____/____ Attempt 2 ____/____/____ Attempt 3 ____/____/____ Appeals: If you receive a Not Satisfactory result you have the right to appeal. You have three assessment attempts. Assessor feedback to learner: The Assessor must write full feedback to the learner that is constructive and not generic. Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____ Assessor Name: Assessor Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 58 of 62 Self-Assessment Questionnaire – Construct and install bulkheads 1. Site inductions are not required on construction sites and details of plans and actions should not be recorded ☐ True ☐ False 2. The most commonly used framing timber in Australia is radiate pine ☐ True ☐ False 3. From the following list select the appropriate measuring tools for constructing a bulkhead ☐ Tape measure ☐ Feet ☐ Spirit level ☐ Ruler ☐ Hands ☐ Dumpy level ☐ Chalk line 4. Lightweight metal framing can be constructed using metal stud and track. ☐ True ☐ False 5. Fixing to concrete slabs can be done using a range of masonry anchors. Some of the more common ones include: ☐ Dynabolt® ☐ Heavy-duty masonry anchors with a threaded rod (also called a ‘booker rod’) ☐ While nails ☐ Button or wafer head screws ☐ All of the above 6. Bulkhead frames are built similarly to wall frames. They have top and bottom plates and studs. ☐ True ☐ False 7. Metal blades should be sharpened (and oiled if needed, to prevent rust) ☐ True ☐ False 8. Specialist power tools include: ☐ Compound mitre saws ☐ Compressors ☐ Explosive power tools – a user licence may be required ☐ Power drills – masonry drills and bits.
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 59 of 62 9. Environmental requirements include: ☐ Clean-up protection ☐ Noise and dust ☐ Vibration ☐ Waste management. 10. In modern construction it is not uncommon for bulkheads to be constructed without framing. ☐ True ☐ False 11. When fixing to concrete slabs, sections of metal tracks can be fixed to the concrete slab using explosive power tool and appropriate fasteners. ☐ True ☐ False
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 60 of 62 Self-Assessment Record Unit of competency CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads Instructions for the Learner By signing the below, I hereby certify that the activities are my own work, based on my personal study and/or research. I have acknowledged that all materials and resources used have not been copied in part or whole, or otherwise plagiarised the work of other learning and/or other person. Instructions for the Trainer The Trainer is required to complete this Simulated Learning Task Record Sheet once the Learner has completed all requirements for the Simulated Learning Activities for this unit of competency, the Learner's work has been reviewed by the Trainer, and relevant feedback has been provided. Site: Learning Activity Satisfactory Date More evidence Date Self-Assessment Questionnaire ☐ ☐ Context detail (Assessor to record) Attempt 1 ____/____/____ Attempt 2 ____/____/____ Attempt 3 ____/____/____ Appeals: If you receive a Not Satisfactory result you have the right to appeal. You have three assessment attempts. Assessor feedback to learner: The Assessor must write full feedback to the learner that is constructive and not generic. Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____ Assessor Name: Assessor Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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Learner Activity Workbook CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads V1 CPC Construction, Plumbing and Services Training Package © ATAR Design. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be produced, published, communicated to the public or adapted without permission. Page 61 of 62 Final Learning Participation Outcome Record Unit of competency CPCCCA3014 Construct and install bulkheads The following record must be used to determine readiness for assessment after a Learner has completed all Learning Activities, Simulated Learning Activities, and the Self-Assessment Questionnaire, relating to this unit of competency. The overall outcome decision for this Learner Activity Workbook is to be recorded as either Satisfactory or Not Satisfactory. Learning Outcome S – Satisfactory NS – Not Satisfactory Learning Task CPCCCA3014 1. Learning Activities S NS 2. Simulated Learning Activities S NS 3. Self-Assessment Questionnaire S NS The overall outcome for this Learner Activity Workbook is: SATISFACTORY NOT SATISFACTORY Assessor comments: I hereby certify that the Learning Activities, the Self-Assessment Questionnaire, and Simulated Learning Activities, are my own work based on my personal study. I declare that I have spent ______ hours undertaking learning related to this unit of competency. Learner Name: Learner Signature: Date: ____/____/____ Assessor Name: Assessor Signature: Date: ____/____/____
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