Results for lab 3 (belt drive)

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University of Alabama, Birmingham *

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461

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Mechanical Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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Results The main purpose of a belt drive is its ability to transport power between rotating shafts. They are used in many cases to simplify a machine design that calls for longer distances. For this lab, only the flat belt type was taken into consideration. Measurements were made to observe the differences in tensions between both sides of the pulley. Once the forces were solved, further calculations were conducted solving for the driving torque and friction coefficient. The figure below shows the complete raw data determined. Figure (#) - Calculations The forces were calculated by using the weight on both sides of the belt drive and by incorporating gravity into the equation. Driving torque was determined by subtracting the difference between force 1 and force 2 and then multiplying it by the radius of the belt groove. The belt groove radius was a pre-determined value given by the lab manual. The last thing needed to be solved for was the friction coefficient. To do this, the angle of lap must first be put into radians by a simple conversion. After this, a log function was multiplied to the dividing factors of force 1 and force 2.
Plots were then put together to compare the difference between force 1, force 2, and fiction coefficient against the driving torque. Force 2 was seen to have lower values than force 1 at every recorded plot. The range of the driving torque remained the same for both of the values. This is shown to be accurate by looking at both figures below. Figure (#) - Force 1 by Driving Torque Figure (#) Force 2 by Driving Torque
The friction coefficient against the driving torque graph portrayed a repetitive triangle pattern. The highest friction coefficient was found to be at .156 with a driving torque of .871 which is at the middle of the pack. The lowest friction coefficient was at .123 and its driving torque was at 1.16 which was the highest recorded. Figure (#) - Driving Torque by the Friction Coefficient 3 more plots were created so people would be able to see the effect angle of lap had on the lab. It was set against the same 3 values as shown before. Forces were compared once again and another clear picture of force 1 having higher values than force 2 was seen. Figure (#) - Force 1 by the Angle of Lap
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Figure (#) - Force 2 by the Angle of Lap The last plot that was created called for the friction of coefficient by the angle of lap. The friction coefficient is known as a ratio of frictional force resisting the motion of two or more surfaces in contact to a normal force pressing it’s the two surfaces together. The angle of lap is described as the angle of contact between the pulley and the belt. These values can be shown below comparing the two together. Figure (#) - Friction Coefficient by the Angle of Lap Uncertainty
In this lab, there was only one true factor that led to uncertainty. Attempting to balance both sides of the pulley to even out at the angle of lap led to off putting numbers. The human eye was our source of accuracy as it came down to measuring the equilibrium. On one side of the spectrum was a constant number for each trial and weight was added or subtracted to the side of the belt each run to reach equilibrium. The constant values given were 200 grams, 300 grams, and 400 grams for every angle of lap (increasing by tens) until 50. By the slight gap that may or may not have been present between equilibrium, it was assessed that every run be given a small margin of 10 both ways. The figure below shows the most accurate numbers that could have been used. Figure (#) - Uncertainty