Advanced Food Engineering FOOD6004 Machine set - Assignment

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Curtin University *

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Mechanical Engineering

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Oct 30, 2023

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Advanced Food Engineering FOOD6004 Student name: Shubham Chauhan Student number: 21262713 Student email: shubham.chauhan@postgrad.curtin.edu.au Unit: Advanced Food Engineering Unit Coordinator: Dr. Rewati Raman Bhattarai Due Date: 30 th March 2023 Declaration: 1. I declare that this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another unit, degree or diploma at any university or other tertiary education institution. 2. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and assignment, and a list of references is given. 3. To the best of my knowledge, I have upheld the principles of academic integrity and have submitted work for assessment in accordance with the Student Charter of Curtin University. Student signature: Shubham Date signed: 28 th March 2023 1

1. Sieving machine Principle: - Sieving machine consists of different sections with a thin layer of mesh or net to filter thin particles. Generally, stainless steel is used to make sieves in food processing, by the general rules of design and easy cleaning. Cleaning can be performed by brushing, scraping, or tapping depending on screen thickness and application. The sieving process is facilitated by a type of motion (vibration or vibration) of the sieve surface that prevents particles from clogging (clogging) the sieve openings, reducing the flow rate of the product and the separation efficiency of the sieve. (Saravacos & Kostaropoulos, 2002) Advantages: -  Simple  Inexpensive (Levin, 2005) Disadvantages: -  Measuring agglomerated materials such as clays is practically impossible.  Fundamentally sieving is a low-resolution method.  Blockage by the particles larger than the sieve size. (Levin, 2005) Application in the Food Industry: -  The Sieving process for wheat and other cereal grains results in the separation of the various components that make up flour.(Saravacos & Kostaropoulos, 2002) 2. Peristaltic pump Principle: - The peristaltic pump helps in the movement of many liquids. The equipment causes this movement by the systematic pressing of a tube segment to the pump housing (the manifold), on the other hand, the fluid will move ahead with the help of increased pressure in the tube which also prohibits the backflow of the liquid. (Klespitz & Kovacs) Advantages: -  The ability to self-prime, seal-less pumping, nonslip pumping and easy reversible flow.  Due to the fact that the transported medium only comes into contact with the interchangeable tube, peristaltic pumps have a major cleaning advantage over conventional pumping systems. This is excellent for the sterile transportation of important and risky media. (Esser et al., 2019) Disadvantages: -  The tube material has a relatively short life cycle and low rotating speed and pulses so in the case of tube failure the medium conveyed can be lost.  Gear and piston pumps generate more differential pressure when compared to peristaltic pump which impacts the Flow rate. (Esser et al., 2019) Application in the Food Industry: - Peristaltic pumps work perfectly for dosing and metering different liquid ingredients, flavors, and chemicals. Peristaltic pumps can be used is moving extremely viscous substances from one area to another. These kind of pumps are ideal for use in food slurries that comprise solid ingredients, trash, or vegetable or fruit skins. (Loudin, 2011) 2

3. Centrifugal Pump Principle: - The operation of centrifugal pumps involves altering the velocity of the liquid as it passes through the pump's impellers and other fixed passageways. As a result, centrifugal pumps transfer usable energy to the liquid as the pump ages. The movement of the fluid to the desired place is accomplished through the transformation of mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, which is accomplished by rotating the blades of the impeller.(Thin et al., 2008) Advantages: -  Simple design, they are reliable, and their capability to pump large capacities of liquid at high pressures.  Because they do not have any valves or a large number of moving parts, they are able to operate at high speeds while requiring only a small amount of maintenance.  Produces a constant and steady output.(Hurlbatt, 2016) Disadvantages: -  Centrifugal pump has no suction power as they use rotation to move water instead of suction. This means for moving water centrifugal pumps must be placed under water or primed.(Hurlbatt, 2016) Applications in the Food Industry: -  Moving liquids from one tank to another. For example- Transporting liquids from one storage tanks to another.  Recirculating liquids and Pumping cooling liquids during processing  These pumps are customizable and can be altered to meet the exact needs of any food processing process.(jeepumps, 2022) 4. Bearing Principle: - The main purpose of a ball bearing is to join two mechanical parts that move in relation to each other in such a way that frictional resistance to movement is minimized. In many cases, one component is the rotating shaft and the other is the stationary housing. (Britannica, (2018, February 2)) Advantages: -  High load capacity  Easily replaceable parts and less costly  Handle high loads (Walter Harrer, 2014) Disadvantages: -  It creates high noise while working.  It may break due to shocks (Walter Harrer, 2014) Application in the food Industry: - Ball bearings are mainly used in mixers which are used in food or chemical industry in which possibly aggressive fluids comes in contact. (Walter Harrer, 2014) 3

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References Britannica, T. E. o. E. ((2018, February 2)). ball bearing. Encyclopedia Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/technology/ball-bearing Esser, F., Masselter, T., & Speck, T. (2019). Silent Pumpers: A Comparative Topical Overview of the Peristaltic Pumping Principle in Living Nature, Engineering, and Biomimetics. Advanced Intelligent Systems , 1 (2), 1900009. https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.201900009 Hurlbatt, M. (2016, April 13). How Centrifugal Pumps Work: Advantages and Disadvantages of Centrifugal Pumps. https://pumpsolutions.com.au/how-centrifugal-pumps-work-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-centrifugal- pumps/#:~:text=Their%20output%20is%20very%20steady,have%20almost%20no%20suction%20power . jeepumps. (2022). 10 COMMON INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS. Jee pumps . https://www.jeepumps.com/10-common-industrial-applications-of-centrifugal-pumps/#:~:text=Centrifugal %20pumps%20are%20widely%20used%20in%20food%20processing%20plants%20for,Recirculating %20liquids%20during%20processing Klespitz, J., & Kovacs, L. (2014). Peristaltic pumps &#x2014; A review on working and control possibilities. Levin, M. (2005). Sizing Particles. American Laboratory . https://www.americanlaboratory.com/913-Technical- Articles/36156-Sizing-Particles/#:~:text=Sieving%20method&text=Advantages.,agglomerated%20materials %20such%20as%20clays . Loudin, T. (2011). Peristaltic Pumps in the Food and Beverage Industry. Pumps & Systems (12/17/2011). https://www.pumpsandsystems.com/peristaltic-pumps-food-and-beverage-industry-0 Saravacos, G. D., & Kostaropoulos, A. E. (2002). Handbook of food processing equipment (Vol. 2012). Springer. Thin, K. C., Khaing, M. M., & Aye, K. M. (2008). Design and performance analysis of centrifugal pump. World academy of science, engineering and technology , 46 (1), 422-429. Walter Harrer, M. D., Roger Morrell. (2014). Failure analysis of a ceramic ball race bearing made of Y-TZP zirconia. Engineering Failure Analysis , Volume 36 (Pages 262-268). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.10.011 . 4