BaileyReaganESED2100Chapter5Exercises

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Bailey Reagan Exercises: 3a-g; 4; 5; 6; 9; 10; 11; 13 3. Write the following words in phonetic transcription, according to your pronunciation. a. Physics: [Fiziks] b. Merry: [M ɛ ri] c. Marry: [M æ ri] d. Mary: [M æ ri] e. Yellow: [j ɛ lo] f. Sticky: [stIki] g. Transcription: [transkripshin] 4. Following is a narrow phonetic transcription of a verse in the poem “The Walrus and the Carpenter” by Lewis Carroll. One major error in each line is a mispronunciation or incorrect phonetic symbol. Write the word in which the error occurs in the correct phonetic transcription. b. ð ə w ɔ lr ə s sed= [s d] ɛ c. t ʰ u t ʰɔ lk ə v m ɛ ̃ni θ ɪ ̃ŋz= [tak]

Bailey Reagan d. ə v ʃ uz ãnd ʃɪ ps= [ ænd] e. ӕ̃nd sil ɪ ̃ŋ wӕx= [w æks] f. ə v k ʰ ӕb ə g ə z ӕ̃nd k ʰɪ ̃ŋz= [ kæb d z] ə ʒə g. ӕ̃nd wa ɪ ð ə si ɪ s b ɔɪ l ɪ ̃ŋ hat= [ z] ɪ h. ӕ̃nd wԑθ ə r p ʰɪ gz hæv w ɪ ̃ŋz= [ w ð r] ɛ ə 5. The following are all English words written in a broad phonetic transcription (omitting details such as nasalization and aspiration). Write the words using ordinary spelling. a. [hit]= Hit b. [strok]= Stroke c. [fez]= Fez d. [ton]= Tone e. [boni]= Bony f. [skrim]= Scream g. [frut]= Fruit h. [pri r]= ʧə Preacher i.[krak]= Crack j. [baks]= Box k. [θæŋks] = Thanks

Bailey Reagan l. [w nzde]= ɛ Wednesday m. [kr ld]= ɔ Crawled n. [kan i n s]= ʧ ɛ ʧə Continuos o. [parl m ntæri n]= ə ɛ ə Parliamentarian p. [kw b k]= ə ɛ Quebec q. [pits ]= ə Pizza r. [b rak obam ]= ə ə Barack Obama s. [m t ramni]= ɪ Mitt Romney t. [tu θa z nd ænd tw lv]= ʊ ə ɛ Two Thousand and Twelve 6. Write the symbol corresponding to each of the following phonetic descriptions, then give an English word containing this sound. a. Voiceless bilabial stop & Unaspirated Stop= [p] “pizza” b. Low front Vowel = [ æ ] “apple” c. Lateral liquid = [l] “leg” d. Velar Nalar= [ ŋ ] “sing” e. voiced interdental fricative= [ ð] “feather” f. Voiceless affricate = [ ] “Shark” ʃ g. Palatal glide = [j] “yam” h. Mid lax front vowel = [ ] “element” ɛ i. High back tense vowel = [f] “flung” j. Voiceless aspirated alveolar stop = [t] “train” 9. For each group of sounds listed, state the phonetic feature(s) they all share.

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Bailey Reagan a. [g] [p] [t] [d] [k] [b] = all stops b. [u] [ ] [o] [ ] = ʊ ɔ back, mid, rounded c. [i] [ ] [e] [ ] [æ] = ɪ ɛ front, rounded d. [t] [s] [ ] [p] [k] [ ] [f] [h] = ʃ ʧ voiceless, stops, and fricatives e. [v] [z] [ ] [ ] [n] [g] [d] [b] [l] [r] [w] [j] = ʒ ʤ voiced f. [t] [d] [s] [ ] [n] [ ] [ ] = ʃ ʧ ʤ coronal consonants 10. Write the following broad phonetic transcriptions in regular English spelling. a. nom amski z e l ngw st hu ti z æt m a ti ʧ ɪ ɪ ɪ ʧə ɛ ɪ - Noam Chomsky is a linguist who teaches at MIT b. f n t ks z ð st di v spi sa ndz ə ɛ ɪ ɪ ə ʌ ə ʧ ʊ - Phonetics is the study of speech sounds c. l spok n læŋgw z juz sa ndz pr dust ba ð p r r sp r t ri s st m ɔ ə ɪʤə ʊ ə ɪ ə ʌ ə ɛ ə ə ɔ ɪ ə - All spoken languages use sounds produced by the upper respiratory system d. n w n da l kt v ngl kat ð na n ænd k t ð v rb ar pr na nst ð sem ɪ ʌ ɪə ɛ ə ɪ ɪʃ ə ʊ ɔ ə ə ə ʊ ə - In one dialect of English cot the noun and caught the verb are pronounced the same e. s m pip l θ ŋk f n t ks z v ri nt r st ŋ ʌ ə ɪ ə ɛ ɪ ɪ ɛ ɪ ə ɛ ɪ - Some people think phonics is very interesting f. v kt rij framk n rab rt radm n ænd nin ha mz ar ð θ rz v ð s b k ɪ ɔ ə ə ə ə ə ɪə ə ɔ ə ə ɪ ʊ - Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, and Nina Hyams are the authors of this book. 11. What phonetic property or feature distinguishes the sets of sounds in column A from those in column B?

Bailey Reagan a. [i] [ ] vs. [u] [ ]= ɪ ʊ Front vowel, unrounded (Column A) vs. Back vowel, rounded (Column B) b. [p] [t] [k] [s] [f] vs. [b] [d] [g] [z] [v]= voiceless, aspirated (Column A) vs. Voiced, unaspirated (Column B) c. [p] [b] [m] vs. [t] [d] [n] [k] [g] [ŋ]= Bilabial (Column A) vs. Alveolar and velar (Column B) d. [e] [ ] [o] [ ] [æ] [a] vs.[e] [ ] [o] [ ] [æ] [a]= ɛ ɔ ɛ ɔ High (Column A) vs. Mid and Low (Column B) e. [f] [v] [s] [z] [ ] [ ] vs. [ ] [ ]= ʃ ʒ ʧ ʤ Fricative (Column A) vs. Affricative (Column B) f. [i] [ ] [e] [ ] [ ] [æ] vs. ɪ ə ɛ [u] [ ] [o] [ ]= ʊ ɔ unrounded, front (Column A) vs. Rounded, back (Column B) 13. Part 1: Which of the following vowels are lax and which are tense? (Part 1 in Red) Part 2: Think of ordinary, non-exclamatory one-syllable English words that end in [ ] preceded ʃ directly by each of the vowels in Part One. Which are possible (or actual) words? Are any such words impossible in English? (Part 2 in Green) a. [i]= tense = “sheesh” b. [ɪ]= lax = “bish” c. [u]= tense = “toosh” d. [ʌ]= lax = “hush” e. [ʊ]= lax = “swoosh” f. [e]= tense = “aish” No possible words in English g. [ɛ]= lax = “mesh” h. [o]= tense = “oash” No possible words in English

Bailey Reagan i. [ɔ]= lax = “porshe” j. [æ]= lax = “ash” k. [a]= lax = “trash” l. [ə]= lax = “crash” m. [aɪ]= lax = “dish” n. [aʊ]= lax = “oush” No possible words in English o. [ɔɪ]= lax = “oysh” No possible words in English Part 3: In terms of tense/lax, which vowel type is found in most such words? - The vowel type that is found most in words is lax vowels.

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