417-FINAL-EXAM-ANWERS

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Concordia University *

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417

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Mechanical Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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#1 A WestJet (Canadian airline) commuter flight crashes while flying from Ottawa to Toronto. It is a Boeing 737, carrying passengers from Canada, the USA and Indonesia. In this case, the United States is Select one: a. The State of Registry and the State of Occurrence b. The State of Manufacturer and the State of the Operator c. The State of Design and the State of Manufacturer d. The State of the Operator and the State of Design #2 Fatigue is a complicated issue linked to reduced physical and mental performance and alertness. Fatigue is associated with a variety of factors, including sleep requirements, continuous hours awake, and circadian rhythms. Which one is CORRECT about fatigue? Select one: a. Pilots become accustomed to fatigue over time, and it has less of an impact b. There are no regulations regarding Crew Duty Time limits c. Jet lag doesn’t result in fatigue d. Fatigue can lead to long term stress #3Which of the following is FALSE? Select one: a. ICAO can issue new standards following new and novel security threats b. ICAO is a branch of the United Nations c. States do not have exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above their own territory d. Aligning with the need for economical Air Transport is one mandate of ICAO #4According to Annex 19, which must be in place for each State? Select one: a. A list of all aviation incidents that resulted in the loss of an aircraft b. A state suggestion that each operator might choose to implement SMS c. A mandatory anonymous incident reporting system d. A cash reward offered by the state to report pilots who violate procedures #5Which is NOT true of a Contracting State Select one: a. Can allow foreign aircraft to enter their sovereign airspace b. A Contracting State has signed the Chicago Convention c. May provide Safety Recommendations to ICAO following an Accident Investigation d. Always has their own National Aviation Authority #6 Which of the following is FALSE Select one: a. AMOC is an acronym for Alternate Means of Compliance b. The Canadian Aeronautics Act is the legal basis for formation of Canadian Aviation Regulations c. ELOS is an acronym for Equivalent Level of Service d. Special Conditions address unusual or novel design feature

#7Choose the FALSE answer Select one: a. Visual flight rules (VFR) are a set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going b. Turbulence, gusts and wind shear cause disturbances to the aircraft in flight c. Microbursts do not pose a hazard during takeoff or landing since all aircraft are equipped with a Windshear Detection system and can therefore either avoid or navigate through them d. The Pilot in Command (PIC) has full authority of the aircraft following dispatch #8What term refers to a type of a treaty that is sponsored by an international organization – typically signed by many States? Select one: a. Regulation b. ICAO Annex c. Standard d. Convention #9Icing is a potentially hazardous environmental factor Select one: a. Only for propeller aircraft b. Because aircraft are not designed to fly in icing c. Because of the adverse effect on flight characteristics and performance d. Since there are no regulations addressing this phenomenon #10Which of the following scenarios would be classified as an accident? Select one: a. A plane narrowly avoids hitting a mountain b. Turbulence causes a passenger to drop and damage their laptop computer c. A firefighting plane goes missing and is never found d. A pilot declares an emergency due to a lack of fuel and lands safely #11Choose the CORRECT answer There are three basic factors that affect safety in aviation: Man, Environment and Machine. These can be viewed as three links ensuring safety. Select one: a. Only if the weakest link fails will there be an accident b. At least two links must fail to cause an accident c. The failure of a single link may be enough to cause an accident d. The Dirty Dozen represents 12 Environmental types that adversely affect aircraft #12Which of the following is NOT required to maintain Airworthiness? Select one: a. Compliance with an Airworthiness Directive b. ICAO approval in accordance with Annex 8 c. Certified Maintenance Program d. Mandatory inspections specified by Manufacturer

#13If a new aircraft design contains an unusual or novel system that is not adequately addressed by current airworthiness regulations, what is the means to handle this from a certification perspective? Select one: a. Exemption b. Special Condition c. Equivalent Level of Safety (ELOS) d. Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) #14Which of the following is TRUE Select one: a. A Delegate may issue a Finding of Compliance (FOC) for any regulation under FAR 25 b. A Delegate may further transfer some of their duties to an independent Subject Matter Expert (S.M.E.) c. C.A.R. means Canadian Administrative Requirements d. Foreign validations are usually facilitated by the use of Bilateral Airworthiness Agreements (BSA’s) #15. Choose the FALSE answer #16 What are the three main High-Risk Accident Occurrence Categories (HRC) that ICAO is currently focusing on as a Global Safety priority? #17. Which is NOT true regarding Delegation of Authority #18 Which of the following statements is TRUE #19. Which of these is NOT an issue investigated in the science of human factors? #20. Choose the FALSE answer #21. Which statement is correct? #22. Which of the following is NOT required to be part of a Certification Plan #23. The Minister of Transport may #24. Which of the following is not contained in a TCDS? Select one: a. List of Approved Documentation b. Description of Certification Basis c. Operating Limitations d. Approved Manufacturing Basis

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#25. A Required Inspection means an inspection on an aeronautical product that is required by Select one: a. All of the other answers are correct b. Airworthiness Limitation c. Airworthiness Directive d. Maintenance schedule #26. Flight tests and simulator tests: Select one: a. Typically have a significant Authority Test Pilot Level of Involvement (LOI) b. Can be used to demonstrate safe flight & landing following a flight control failure c. May be used to support accident investigations d. All of the other answers are correct *#27. An LSTC has been issued for a Cessna 152 aircraft. This will authorize: Select one: a. Only the serial number of the aircraft designated in the LSTC to incorporate the modification b. All similar aircraft to incorporate the modifications listed under the LSTC c. The operator to transfer the LSTC to their sub-tier Supplier d. None of the answers is correct LSTC (for mods) = one aircraft STC (for mods) = one model RDC (repair design certificate) = one aircraft for repair #28. Which item must be designed to comply with Flammability standards? Select one: a. All of the other answers are correct b. Seat cushions c. Baggage Bay d. Wiring and electrical components #29. Occupant Safety regulations are intended to: Select one: a. Provide the occupant the best chance of survival from an accident b. Protect an airline from passenger lawsuits caused by late departures or arrivals c. Define who is allowed onboard an aircraft d. Provide guidance on how to recover personal belongings from an aircraft #30. Choose the FALSE answer Select one: a. FFS provides force feedback through a motion platform. b. Full Flight Simulator (FFS) can provide Zero Flight Time (ZFT) training of civil pilots when converting from one airliner type to another. c. FFS simulates over 99% of all aircraft systems accessible from the flight deck. d. There is currently only one level of standard for FFS, called level A.

#31. A Full Flight Simulator: Select one: a. All of the other answers are TRUE b. Is a critical element of Pilot training c. Can be used to simulate conditions not practically achievable during flight test d. Can be used to assess Crew Workload #32. A Type Certificate: Select one: a. Ensures that Transport Canada gains knowledge of maintenance characteristics of the product so that in- service surveillance can be carried out more effectively. b. Allows the product to receive a Certificate of Registration. c. Can only be issued for one particular variant of an aeronautical product d. Ensures that the design of aeronautical products comply with the applicable standards of airworthiness. #33. Continuing Airworthiness is: Select one: a. A process that does not involve the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) b. Not considered during the initial design phase of an aeronautical product c. Intended to pass on airworthiness obligations solely to the operator d. Defined by ICAO as “The process that ensures, at any time in its’ life, an aircraft complies with the technical conditions fixed to the issue of the C. of A., and is in a condition for safe flight” #34. Which statement is TRUE? Select one: a. Baggage compartments need not be certified for Flammability, since passenger bags are screened b. An airline mechanic can install a household microwave (to replace a faulty factory installed one) with no regulatory consequence, since they are accountable for the safety of the aircraft c. For an aircraft with a passenger seating capacity greater than 44, the Emergency Evacuation requirement dictates that all passengers and crew must exit the aircraft within 60 seconds following a simulated emergency condition d. None of the other statements is true #35. An aircraft is Airworthy if: Select one: a. It has been granted a currently valid Certificate of Airworthiness b. It has a Type Certificate c. It has been approved by ICAO d. All of the other answers are met

#36. Which document is required to be approved by Transport Canada as a condition of Type Certification? Select one: a. The Cabin Grooming Guide b. MMEL c. The Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) d. Technical Log Book 37. Required Inspection on a specific aircraft: Select one: a. Can be mandated by ICAO b. Is required for Airworthiness but can be deferred if deemed to be safe by an Authorized person c. Can be ignored if deemed unnecessary by the operators’ Director of Maintenance d. Usually does not have a time limit for compliance Notes 38 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Which of the following factors can potentially lead to an Emergency Decompression? Select one: a. All of the other answers are correct b. Cockpit windshield failure due to impact with a flock of birds c. Failure of the aircraft Environmental Control System (ECS) d. Structural failure due to fuselage crack on an aging airplane Notes 39 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Which statement is TRUE regarding the classification of Failure Conditions? Select one: a. Catastrophic Failures must be shown to be Extremely Improbable b. The Operator is responsible to make the assessment of failure classification c. A hazardous condition can be associated with a Hull Loss d. Quantitative assessments need not be correlated with failure classifications Notes 40 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Dynamic Seat Testing is intended to: Select one: a. Improve Occupant safety in a survivable crash b. Ensure that seats are designed to be as light as possible

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c. Identify design changes to ensure that occupants cannot be subject to any forward motion during rapid deceleration such as in a dynamic landing situation d. Provide additional data for a Full Flight Simulator 41 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Flight Testing for Minimum Control Speed on the Ground (Vmcg) is: Select one: a. Is used to determined Landing Speeds b. Is not considered to be hazardous since multiple safety precautions are taken during testing c. Applies only for two engine airplanes d. A basic regulation applicable to all Transport Category airplanes Notes 42 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Choose the FALSE statement Select one: a. Flight tests may be conducted to validate the effect of complex flow-fields on performance b. Flight test data can be used to improve the accuracy of simulation models c. Flight tests must be conducted for all MMEL and CDL candidates d. Flight tests may be used to assess aircraft level effect of interactions between various systems Notes 43 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Which of the following, from the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) is CORRECT? Select one: a. Serviceable, in respect of an aircraft part, means it is fit and safe for flight b. TCH means the holder of a Type Certificate c. Owner means the person having legal custody and control of the aircraft d. All of the other answers are true Notes 44 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark In an aircraft certification program, means of compliance (MOC) to airworthiness standards are documented by the manufacturer through: Select one:

a. Special Conditions b. Certification Plan c. Applicant’s Engineering Procedures Manual d. Issue Papers Notes 45 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Passenger Briefing Cards: Select one: a. Are customized to the operator’s specific aircraft configuration b. Are not required by airworthiness regulations, ie. they are for ‘information only’ c. Can be used with no consideration to a Crew Members’ instructions d. Have a standard format, regardless of the aircraft Floor-plan and installed equipment Notes 46 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark A Boeing 747 is missing aerodynamic sealant on one wing leading edge. Which statement is TRUE? Select one: a. A licensed Maintenance Engineer can authorize dispatch without further reference to Manufacturer’s documents. b. The MMEL should address this case c. Dispatch cannot be allowed unless allowed by the CDL d. There is no airworthiness implication since this is a minor deviation on a large aircraft CDL = Aircraft structure MMEL = Aircraft systems and components 47 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Choose the CORRECT answer Select one: a. A MEL can be less restrictive than an MMEL b. A CDL can authorize dispatch with one or more systems inoperative c. An Experimental Flight Permit is one example of a valid “Flight Authority” d. An aircraft at FL410 is flying at 41,000 ft above ground level Notes * MEL is broader, MMEL is more restrictive

48 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Which of the following need NOT be considered when classifying a Modification as being Major? Select one: a. Structural strength b. Effect on Flight Performance c. Cost of the modification d. Potential impact on center of gravity Notes 49 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Which Authority specifies the allowable Center of Gravity (C.G.) range? Select one: a. Manufacturer b. Pilot in Command c. State of Operator d. ICAO Notes 50 of 50Unsure Question text 1Mark Aircraft Unsafe Occurrence reports can be a result of findings during: Select one: a. All of the other answers are correct b. New testing or updated analysis c. Audit of Maintenance records d. In service incident Notes

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