Copy of D08 Torque Lab Master Report-1

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Kennesaw State University *

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3310

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Mechanical Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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D08 Torque Lab Report Student’s Name, Teacher’s Name, Class Name, Date
P URPOSE (8 PTS ) You will create a pivot system to investigate how torque and equilibrium changes depending on changing mass. The purpose is to: a. Explore the relationship between pivots, distance, and force. b. Calculate torque using a measuring device and coins. c. Demonstrate how objects are balanced. Do some research and answer the following questions. Make sure to list your sources at the end of the report. Yes, any video you watch should be cited and lecture material needs to be cited. 1. In the D07 module, you learn about the “moment of force”. What is it? Do some research about the word torque. How is torque related to “moment of force”? Moment of Force is the measure of a force’s tendency to cause a body to rotate about a specific point or axis.Both Torque and Moment of Force are calculated with the same formula. But they are used to measure different things. Torque is used to measure the turning point in tires. Moment of Force is used for measuring static objects 2. An adult and a child are sitting on a teeter totter. Where must the adult sit in relation to the child in order for them to reach a balance? Why? The adult would have to sit closer to the center and the pivot point. This is because the center of the pivot is stronger than the sides. 3. From here on out, we will refer to “moment of force” as torque. What are the units of torque? What would be the correct torque if I have a 5 gram object placed 3 inches from the pivot? The units of torque are Newtons for Force and Meters for length/ distance. And you final unit of measurement for torque is newton- meters. For the example problem the formula for calculator Torque is force x distance = torque The force is 5 x the distance is 3 so you final answer is 15 n-m 4. Look at the above set up. What mass does P2 need to have if it is at 12 cm and P1 has a mass of 5 grams placed at 3 cm The units of torque are Newtons for Force and Meters for length/ distance. And you final unit of
measurement for torque is newton- meters. For the example problem the formula for calculator Torque is force x distance = torque The force is 5 x the distance is 3 so you final answer is 15 n-m V ARIABLES (4 PTS ) List which is the Independent and which is the Dependent variable in this lab. List control variables. Remember that controls are anything we want to keep consistent throughout trials. Read this short article , for a quick recap of the difference between independent and dependent variables. Independent Variable(s): people Dependent Variable(s): Torque equilibrium Control Variable(s): seasaw H YPOTHESIS (4 PTS ) What hypothesis (prediction) do you have regarding how mass affects torque and equilibrium of a system? Why (reference purpose questions)? (Hint: You can use the “If…Then..because” format.) If the mass of an object increases then its torque and equilibrium will as well. M ATERIALS (2 PTS ) List the materials that would be used in this experiment. Two people and a seesaw P ROCEDURE (6 PTS ) Read through the generic procedure and answer the procedure questions. Then, perform the procedure and collect your data.
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1. Create a pivot system out of materials from around your home (check out the course resource website for pivot system examples ). You can be creative with this. What materials would be needed for a hanging pivot system vs a more traditional one? Make sure you have a way to measure distances on the long, flat object. Put this into balance. 2. Take different sized coins (nickel, dime, quarter, penny, etc.) and place them on the left and right of your pivot system. Record the mass, weight, and distance from pivot that the coins must be in order to reach an equilibrium again. You can find the mass of the US coins here . You must complete at least 5 trials but can do more if you wish. Procedure questions: D ATA O BSERVATIONS (20 PTS ) Record the data or information gathered while doing the experiment in the following table. Include the images outlined below. Table 1: Left Side Equilibrium Values Coins Used Mass (kg) Weight (N) Distance Distance in meters Left Side Torque (Nm) 1 3 20 2 3 4 2 4 24 5 6 7 3 6 30 8 9 10 4 8 34 10 12 13 5 10 38 13 15 16 Table 2: Right Side Equilibrium Values Coins Used Total Mass (kg) Total Weight (N) Distance Distance in meters Right Side Torque (Nm) 1 3 20 2 3 4 2 4 24 5 6 7 3 6 30 8 9 10 4 8 34 10 12 13
5 10 38 13 15 16 Your image of pivot system balanced without coins: Your image of the pivot system balanced from one trial above. State which trial below the image: R ESULTS (25 PTS ) 1. a) Show how you calculated the mass, weight, and torque for one of your trials. Make sure to show any conversions as well.
2. Create a graph with “Number of Trials” on the x-axis and “Torque” on the y-axis. Graph the left-side and right-side torques and separate lines. Use a line graph, not a scatter plot. Use this graph to analyze your accuracy and precision in the conclusion. NOTE: “Number of Trials” is not the independent variable. CONCLUSION (20 PTS ) 1. Was your hypothesis supported or refuted? Use your data to justify your answer. 2. What does the term equilibrium mean, and how does it apply to this lab? 3. How do the left-side torques relate to the right-side torques? Does this make sense with what you know about equilibrium? Why or why not? 4. Torque is sometimes called “rotational force.” Explain why you agree or disagree with this secondary name. WORKS CITED (3 PTS ) Place your citations below for any research done for this experiment. Make sure to put them in APA format. Check out this resource for APA citations as well as a works cited creator.
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