AURLTE005 (Repaired)

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St. John's University *

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2001

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Mechanical Engineering

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Nov 24, 2024

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Knowledge Test QUESTI ON NUMBE R QUESTIONS Students response (to be complet ed by the assessor ) Questio n 1: Describe at least two OHS requirements relating to diagnosing complex faults in light vehicle diesel engines? 1. When working on the steering or suspension of a vehicle, it is imperative that the correct safety equipment be used at all times. 2. Before removing or installing the torsion bar, compress the spring using the spring compression tool. 3. Always compress and release the spring in a horizontal plane on the workbench, as this is the safest position for doing so. Jack up the arms that attach to the torsion bar and set them on the stands. When installing a support, never undo the bolt holding the torsion bar in place. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 2: List safety precautions while working with following: ● hot engine components- Don't touch anything that could move. Keep a safe distance from engine fans because they can injure you, throw things at you, turn on unexpectedly, or snare dangling wires or strings. Never put your hands near a running engine. Never operate an engine indoors or in a closed space. ● rotating engine components- To avoid injury, keep an eye out for any rotating gears or parts. Carry out your duties at a safe distance. Whenever possible, wirelessly connect your tools . ● engine oil and coolants- Stop using the vehicle until the engine has cooled. To release pressure before opening the radiator cap completely, turn it counter clockwise using protective gloves and a rag. Never reach in without using protective gloves to remove the radiator cap. The hot coolant and steam released by a radiator can be extremely dangerous. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 3: List three PPE that you would consider while working on vehicle diesel system. When working with fuel, it is important to wear protective equipment. For instance, you should wear gloves made of nitrile or PVC that have a coating that prevents liquid absorption. If you don't have proper eye protection on, you shouldn't run the risk of getting fuel in your eyes. ☐ S ☐NS What are the environmental requirements that needs to be followed while working with vehicle diesel system? ☐ S

Questio n 4: As employees of a company that focuses on auto repairs, we have a responsibility to keep environmental protection in the forefront of our minds at all times. Therefore, we should be cognizant of the significance of collecting, storing, and properly disposing of any fluids that are spilled during the course of a service. ☐NS Questio n 5: List a complex fault in light vehicle diesel engines related with the following: Intermittent fault Multi system fault Faults due to other system repair Indirect faults caused by the influence of external system ● Fault in fuel pressure regulator, a fuel leak, a clogged fuel filter, or clogged injectors Bad or corroded spark plugs ● If the ther most at is not com muni catin g with the fan, perha ps a faulty relay switc h is to blam e. It's usually something wrong with the air filter or the fuel system. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 6: Explaining how diesel engine works? As soon as they are started, diesel engines instantly begin the process of compressing the air that they will be utilising, which results in an instantaneous and significant increase in both pressure and temperature. After that, we mix in a trace amount of fuel with the air that has been heated and compressed. Because of the high temperature, the extremely minute quantity of highly atomized fuel that was put into the system was quickly consumed by evaporation. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 7: How diesel engine differs from gasoline engine? The spark plug in a gasoline-powered internal combustion engine controls the ignition and combustion processes. After the piston reaches the top of its stroke and the compression reaches the amount the manufacturer desired, a spark ignites the fuel and air combination, allowing the engine to function. To put it simply, this is what makes the car run. The compression is caused by the ☐ S ☐NS

combination of fuel and fresh air being compressed. There is no spark plug in a diesel engine. Questio n 8: What is an air fuel ratio? The air-fuel ratio is the proportion by mass of air to the fuel (whether solid, liquid, or gas) in a combustion reaction. It's possible that this proportion would change depending on the fuel source. An explosion can occur if the combustion is not contained, as in an internal combustion engine or an industrial furnace. These two scenarios are equally plausible. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 9: What is meant by the term atomization? Atomization, sometimes spelled atomisation, is the process of breaking something up into smaller and smaller pieces. In order to atomize something, you must first break it down into smaller and smaller pieces. In the same way that a molecule can be thought of as a small piece of something else, a speck, a granule, or a grain can all be thought of as very minute particles. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 10: What is turbo charger and why do we need them in diesel engines? A turbocharger is able to assist in making your engine produce a higher compression ratio. Because of the higher air density, it is possible that more of the injected fuel will be consumed. This alteration will result in an increase in air mass as well as an improvement in the efficiency of the engine. Therefore, there is an increase in the torque output. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 11: Name some of the special equipment can be required to diagnose complex fault in diesel engine? Micrometres Multimeters Oscilloscopes Pressure gauges ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 12: Give an example of a quality procedure specific to diesel system. The efficiency and speed with which diesel fuel burns are both determined by its certain rating. The octane rating is the equivalent for regular gasoline. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 13: Where and what required information would you source to diagnose a complex fault in diesel engine of a vehicle? Mild automobile The majority of gasoline-powered vehicles are family sedans or light trucks. They are not the same as large vehicles such as trucks or buses. Spark plugs and engine valves should be inspected first. If they appear to be burned out or if starting the vehicle proves impossible, it is necessary to get new ☐ S ☐NS

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ones. Problems with cylinders and pistons are far more difficult to diagnose. If they are the root of the problem, carefully disassemble them, taking count of the screws as you go. Replace the broken ones by putting them in the dishwasher. Questio n 14: Explain how you would do compression test on a diesel engine. In order to carry out the necessary compression test, the mechanic will insert a gauge into each of the engine's cylinders. The level of pressure that is being produced will be evaluated while the engine is being revved. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 15: Discuss the importance of monitoring the exhaust system in a modern day vehicle by the engine management system? The exhaust system in your vehicle removes combustion by products and releases them into the atmosphere. Doing so keeps the trash from contaminating the indoor air. The exhaust system benefits the engine in other ways as well. The engine is less efficient, more fuel is used, and the vehicle's power may decrease when the exhaust is dirty. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 16: What safety procedures should be followed when running engines indoors? Under no circumstances should a motor be used indoors unless there is enough ventilation and a clear path for the exhaust to leave the premises. It is vital to regularly launder and replace oily clothing in order to prevent skin irritation and dermatitis. Use safe lifting techniques when moving heavy components. Keep the workplace strictly off-limits to customers, relatives, and anybody else who isn't authorised to be there. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 17: Briefly explain the following terms that is involved in using a scan tool in relation with diesel engine system. Conditions that can set a DTC in diesel engine Live data Freeze frame data Wave form data First, you should try the Vehicle Diagnostic System Check. You can get a feel for the diagnostic method as a whole by reading through Strategy Based Diagnosis. Overviews of each diagnostic type are provided in the Diagnostic Procedure Instructions. A vehicle's control modules can be diagnosed and reprogrammed with the help of an electronic equipment called a scan tool. In order to completely reprogram modules, however, a standard scan tool needs a pass-through device and dedicated software. When an error occurs that could trigger the Check Engine light, the OBD II system takes a snapshot of the engine's state at the time the error occurred; this snapshot is referred to as the "freeze frame." ☐ S ☐NS

Like channels, waveforms allow a user-defined device to communicate with the rest of the NI Stand infrastructure. You can either create and share your own waveform data in the Stand Engine, or import waveform data from other sources when using waveforms in custom devices. Values in a waveform can be represented as either double- or complex-precision floating-point numbers. Questio n 18: Identify and list the function or basic operation of the following diesel system components: Component name Function / Operation Glow plug In a diesel engine, the glow plug serves to preheat the fuel and air before they are burned. Your car's engine starts up thanks to the combustion of fuel. Garrett turbo The turbine wheel can reach speeds of up to 350,000 revolutions per minute thanks to the exhaust gas from an engine. Afterwards, a shaft connects the turbine wheel to the compressor wheel. Compressed air from the compressor wheel enhances the combustion process, producing more power with less fuel consumption. Fuel filter A fuel filter, also known as a fuel line filter or fuel system filter, is a device installed in a fuel line to remove contaminants like dirt and rust from the fuel. They're standard equipment in most I.C. engines ☐ S ☐NS

Injection nozzle Pistons in Combustion Chambers engage with Injector Nozzles. With the piston pulled away from the spark plug, fuel and air are sprayed into the combustion chamber via the injector nozzle. Questio n 19: What are some of the limitations of diagnostic testing equipment required to diagnose complex faults in light vehicle diesel engines? Relative limits are the foundation of the CARB OBD (OBD II) concept. This means that the legal threshold for pollutant levels in exhaust gases varies from vehicle to vehicle based on the emissions category to which it has been assigned. ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 20: List the requirements to complete the work process and processes for documenting and reporting diagnostic findings and recommendations  Gathering relevant information and establishing a detailed history of symptoms  The examination of a person's physical condition.  Generating a preliminary, possibly unclear diagnostic  Testing (ordering, reviewing, and acting on test results)  Finishing the diagnostic process ☐ S ☐NS Questio n 21: Determine the problems for the following symptoms and how would you test the following problems? Symptoms Proble m Testing methods Vehicle emitting white/blue smoke car engine is burning oil Broken or worn piston rings, valve guide seals, or other engine parts can all lead to oil leaking into the combustion chamber and being burned along with the fuel. ☐ S ☐NS

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Engine knocks when the air-fuel mixture ignites itself due to high temperat ures before the spark plug does. Possible causes include an air-fuel ratio that is too rich or too low, or improperly timed ignition. Engine misses under load spark plugs, ignition coils, or other problem s fuel-related issues, like a faulty injector or pump, could be the root of the problem. It could be the result of low engine compression under extremely unusual circumstances. Engine overheats coolant warning The radiator fluid warning light will appear as a thermometer with a wavy line above it on the dashboard (also known as a coolant warning). When your vehicle's engine temperature rises above a certain threshold, the radiator light will

illuminate. Engine oil pressure light coming up on dash low oil pressure Insufficient oil, filthy oil, or an oil leak could all contribute to a decrease in oil pressure. Abnormal noise from the engine Loud Idling By raising the fuel's octane, decreasing the manifold pressure, enriching the air/fuel combination, or interfering with the ignition timing, detonation can be avoided. Forced induction applications can frequently cause detonation. Engine running rough defective fuel pump To clean and possibly unclog the injectors, try changing the fuel filter and adding fuel injector cleaning treatment to the fuel tank. Questio n 22: List down the testing procedure for the following in a petrol engine. Problems Testing procedures Abnormal noise Roll down your window if you hear tapping or clicking while driving. ☐ S ☐NS

Two deep knocks. Deep knocking sounds from your engine may indicate a worn component. Third is whining and rattling. Squealing. Fifth, grind. Cylinder leak down test Spark plugs must be removed and the engine rotated to bring the cylinder being tested to top dead centre. Find the right adapter for your spark plugs and insert the gauge into the resulting hole. Keep track of the cylinder's leak rate. Oil pressure in the system The pump, oil filter, lubrication lines and hardware make up the bulk of an engine's lubrication system. The force exerted on the lubricant by the system is a result of the resistance it encounters on its journey through the system's piping to the lubricated parts. Lubricant is pumped through the system at high pressure. Failure analysis Cause and effect analysis, failure evaluation methods, and corrective and preventative measures are the three main components of a failure analysis. Questio n 23: Name the parts of the diesel engine ☐ S ☐NS

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