Lesson+19_GRQs_Populations
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Mathematics
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Feb 20, 2024
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GRQs for Populations
GRQs for Chapter 36; please read Chapter 36.1-36.5 and 36.9
Reading Objectives
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How do we estimate population size?
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Compare and contrast the logistic and exponential population growth models
Q1. Population demographics
Define population density – the number of individuals of a species per unit of area or volume Define population distribution and describe 3 types of distribution patterns- describes how individuals/numbers of a species are spread across a specific area Clumped dispersion pattern – individuals are grouped in patches (unequal distribution)
Uniform dispersion pattern – individuals of a population are evenly distributed across an area Random dispersion pattern – individuals of a population are spaced in an area without a pattern Q2. Population size and growth Why would a population gain or lose individuals?
A population may lose individuals due to death, or an increase in death rates due to a specific reason. They may gain individuals due to birth or an increase in birth rates. Immigration can also account for the decrease and increase in a population. How is the per capita rate of increase for a population represented (symbol)? r
How is it calculated? Divide the net increase by the total amount of the population Work through the example population of 100 rabbits:
100 rabbits in a field. 50 are born in one month to these 100 rabbits.
The net increase of rabbits per month is 50/
100 = .5
= r
Exponential growth:
Q3. What is the equation for exponential population growth (G) = G = rN
So, if a rabbit population, in which r = 0.3 starts with 96 rabbits, what will the growth be in
one month? 8
Check your answer in Table 36.4A
1
Q4. Exponential growth model: how would you describe it in words?
An exponential growth model is a statistical model that shows a constant increase of population size over time in months. Q5.
How would you describe the exponential model as a curve plot? (Draw it). Logistic growth model
Q6. What is a limiting factor? What does it do to growth? A limiting factor is an environmental factor that restricts population growth. Q7. What does a typical curve for logistic growth look like? Describe in words and draw it.
A typical logistic curve shows a steady increase for a certain amount of time, before the data begins to level out again. 2
Q8. Define carrying capacity – Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that a particular environment can continue to sustain. Q9. What is the equation for logistic growth?
G = rN (K-N)/K
Q10. As the resources get used up, what happens to the equation? That is, what happens to population growth as the population size approaches carrying capacity?
As resources are used up, the equation will begin to simplify enough to simply mean K/K. Q11. What is the difference between a density dependent and a density independent limiting factor?
A density dependent limiting factor’s intensity is linked to population density. For instance, an increase in population will therefore lead to an increase in death rates. Density independent limiting factor’s intensity is not related to population density. Q12. Human population What kind of growth (exponential or logistic) is demonstrated by the human population?
Currently, it may seem as if the population growth of the human population is exponential, but the rate of population growth is beginning to decline, which means it is actually logistic. 3
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What year will the human population possibly “peak”?
2050
What is the demographic transition?
The demographic transition is a shift from birth rates and death rates that are low but equal What is the relationship between developed vs non-developed countries to this transition?
More developed nations have a much lower rate of increase, and mainly even birth and death rates. Less developed nations have a very high rate of increase and their birth rate is much higher than their death rate. 4