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Central Queensland University *

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Management

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Feb 20, 2024

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Describe any two models of critical and creative thinking (one for each). 100- 150 words. Critical Thinking: Hanlon's Razor promotes critical thinking and teaches that we shouldn't assume that everyone is against people's beliefs without doing our due diligence. It enhances communication and decision-making while assisting us in controlling our emotions. Offering others, the benefit of the doubt and refusing to assume bad intent in the absence of concrete evidence also aids in the development of compassion and understanding. Creative Thinking: The talent areas identified by the Calvin Taylor creative thinking model include productive thinking, communication, planning, decision-making, and forecasting. The National Diffusion Network programme Talents Unlimited, run by the U.S. Department of Education, is best recognised for using this methodology. The critical and creative components of thinking are both included in the Taylor model. This thinking skills paradigm, which emphasises the fundamental components of thinking rather than using a taxonomy, starts with the academic talent before including the other talent areas. List out at least five characteristics of critical thinker. 1. Being Curious: You need to be curious about the world and your surrounds if you want to be a good critical thinker. People that are interested start knowing by posing a query and then searching for an explanation. However, the fact is that they do this across a variety of themes rather than just in one. Therefore, it's equally accurate to claim that they have a healthy interest about the outside world and other people. They are fascinated by and appreciative of the various cultures, faiths, and political ideologies that contrast with but also support their own. 2. Being sympathetic: Not all critical thinking requires a high level of intelligence. Although having those talents is crucial, it's also critical to keep in mind that we are still only human and that we still have emotional and instinctual parts. 3. Planning: Problems that necessitate critical thought frequently necessitate speedy decisions as well. Weighing our options and visualising the possible implications of our actions, as well as how quickly they might come to pass, are key components of critical thinking. Put aside your own worries when making choices to achieve this. You sometimes must realise that you won't always have all the information you require. It's crucial to acknowledge that not every choice is the best one.

4. Honesty in all respects: Truthfulness is the best policy, as they say, but it's also essential for critical thinking. The hallmarks of critical thinkers are moral integrity, ethical consideration, and the actions we take. And it all started with them being truthful. Being honest also means accepting and admiring who we are as individuals. It involves controlling our emotions, our desires, and our ability to recognise when we are lying to ourselves. We cannot get rid of these characteristics because they are part of what makes us human. 5. Should be Unique: Contrary to popular belief, critical thinkers are also creative. A critical thinker must be creative because so many jobs require innovative and original ideas. Consider marketing and establishing business partnerships as examples of creative endeavours. Think about the concept of innovation, which is nothing more than the reorganizing of industrial conventions towards something new. Discuss the following features of critical and creative thinking concepts in about 30-40 words each. Also identify the tools/techniques used for effective critical thinking. Analysing : The capacity to thoroughly study something, be it an issue, a collection of data, or a text, is a component of critical thinking. Analytical thinkers can evaluate information, decipher its consequences, and effectively communicate those conclusions to others. Interpretation: The process of learning, determining, or assigning meaning is referred to as interpretation. Everything can be interpreted, including textual messages, graphs, maps, charts, infographics, memes, and spoken and non-verbal exchanges. When determining what they believe something to signify in a particular context, people use their interpretative abilities to analyse behaviours, events, and social interactions. Reasoning: A motive or cause is what something has as a reason justification for ideas, deeds, or beliefs. In other words, it's the reasoning behind what you say, do, or think. your motivations, though, aren't necessarily the same. Reasoning you must base your arguments on common sense when using skills. instead of relying on theories, evidence, or logical conclusion solely on your feelings. In other words, when you choose the most effective course of action in a situation or the ideal response to a problem must be logical motives for coming to that judgement. Synthesis: In that it entails digesting knowledge to generate ideas, perspectives, or concepts inspired by data, examples, and emotion, synthesis is both affective and cognitive. It is synthesis that motivates students to participate in the affective behaviours included in Bloom's Revised Taxonomy's Affective Domain. The illustration below demonstrates how synthesising helps pupils understand how we translate what we learn into personal understanding.

Evaluation: Deciding regarding something important, such a sum or assessment, is the process of evaluating it. It aids in the planning, development, and assessment of any other intervention by organisations. Achievable concepts or proposals for a decision-making process are also the goal. It gives you a quick overview of a particular issue and the changes that must be made moving forwards. What are the five tips to develop critical thinking skills? 1. Make investigations : Raising simple questions might help you make sense of a situation or process new knowledge. 2. Know yourself : To start with, be upfront with yourself about your prejudices. You could be tempted to be sceptical of the information if it comes from a source that frequently disagrees with your point of view. By acknowledging this bias, you can judge the information's accuracy without considering the source. 3. Consider opposing viewpoints : Some people adopt a diverse, even antagonistic, perspective on a variety of thoughts and concepts. You may improve your abilities to think critically by seeking out those opposing viewpoints and putting them to the test. You have a greater view and can make higher-calibre decisions because of doing this. 4. Consider the effects : Consider the effects of a certain line of thinking or decision, to the best of your ability given the information at hand. Consider how those effects might alter if you choose a different course of action or revise your justification. Think on the problem from all possible viewpoints, considering not only your own but also the perspectives of anyone else who will be impacted by your choice. According to what you anticipate happening if your strategy is carried out, list the advantages and disadvantages. You'll be able to make a wider selection because of this. 5. Reverse the way you think : Reversing your thinking can help you see things in a different light. Think about what would happen if B came from A instead of A originating from B. Or think about how B affects A instead of how A influences B. This might not offer you a quick fix, but it encourages you to adjust your thinking and might offer an alternative strategy. Discuss how workplace objectives and processes promotes a culture of creative thinking. 200-250 words. 1. When leaders discourage experimentation and failure, they undermine the creativity of their teams. Leaders can spark discussion of team goals and let their teamwork towards those jointly developed objectives to foster creativity. Tests are always successful. With the correct mentality, teams may gain invaluable lessons from failed attempts and use them to flourish in the future. 2. Say "but" no more. When you directly object to someone else's concept by using the word "but" — whether it be "but we can't," "but it's too expensive," or "but we don't

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have the money" you are merely preventing the development of new ideas rather than fostering creativity. Say "and" instead; you don't have to concur, just confirm. See what happens when you use "yes, and" during ideation to encourage failure-free thinking. 3. Micromanaging has never been effective, even though observation and follow-up are crucial to some areas of leadership. Teams get inhibited when they are micromanaged. They stop wanting to be creative, innovative, and unrestricted in their domains of competence. Leaders should enable their staff to work at a high level and be allowed the autonomy to do so efficiently rather than continuously keeping an eye on them. 4. I'm shocked at how many CEOs spend a lot of time and money starting new initiatives, but then inform every one of the constraints they have in completing them. The following time, surround the team with all they require and withdraw. Creativity comes naturally. What resources are required to promote creative and critical thinking in an organisation? Describe in about 150-200 words. 1. There Are No Boundaries to Creativity: The ability of employees to use their creativity at work may significantly lower their stress levels. The knowledge that they can freely explore their ideas in a setting that values original thought and creativity may open fresh possibilities for development. Make sure everyone on your staff understands that all viewpoints, whether favourable or unfavourable, should be expressed. The ability to be creative is stifled at work, which hinders any urge to add to the conversation or project at hand. For HR-related purposes, it is acceptable to establish a set of rules, but when it comes to creative problem-solving, let your staff to have fun with their approach. Don't turn away an employee who comes to you with a suggestion the next time you need to push pencils or copy a report. Instead, pay attention to what they say and offer honest criticism. 2. Create a Pleasant Workplace Environment: In terms of giving its employees a fun, hip, and interesting work atmosphere, Google set the standard. Many companies and organisations follow suit by providing their staff with motivating workspaces. We employ a similar strategy by giving our workers an open area to complete their task. Most employees report to work expecting to spend their 9 to 5 hours in a grey room doing nothing creative. An open area for creative thinking can be created by painting the walls or removing the cubicle divider. 3. Businesses Succeed by Being Creative: Although most workers in leadership positions are expected to be problem solvers, being a leader entail more than that. It involves ensuring that workers are provided

with a setting that encourages original thought and is receptive to the diversity of the workplace. Be consistent in your support of and patience with your staff as they work through their creative processes. Your workers will be more productive, devoted, and produce work of a higher calibre as a result. Explain the characteristics of organisational learning environments. 1.Systems analysis Usually, as the saying goes, we fail to see the "forest for the trees." You may see trends and regularities, or the broad picture, using the framework that systems thinking gives. For instance, corporations frequently have their attention on the coming fiscal quarter. Most of their decisions are made with the upcoming quarter in mind, with little to no consideration given to the decision's long-term effects. By asking you to consider an issue as a component of a larger system, systems thinking encourages you to go beyond your immediate worries and problems. 2. Individual mastery You must have three things to achieve personal mastery. Creating a personal vision, or a complete idea of the destiny you want, is the first step. The second step is to embrace and harness creative tension. You must try to bring your vision to life. Third, whatever how reassuring or useful self-deception may be, you must be committed to the truth and refuse to lie to yourself. 3. I maginative thoughts Our mind maps conceptualizations of the world that influence our behaviour need to be altered. For instance, supervisors frequently have the idea that low-level manufacturing workers are slothful. We can bring about this transformation by identifying the models, evaluating their applicability, and working to enhance them. Briefly describe the following formal learning environments and systems in 20-40 words each. Provide an example for each opportunity. Formal Learning : Formal learning is the term used to describe instruction that is structured and occurs in a prearranged environment, such as a classroom or online. It contains specific aims and objectives that have been established by a teacher or trainer. Example: Face to Face is the one of the most formal learning. Face-to-face training is the initial and most common method of staff education. Face-to-face instruction, usually referred to as classroom instruction, was once common and is still practised today because it is occasionally essential. Face to Face Learning: In a face-to-face learning environment, a group of students receive in-person teaching on course material and other learning materials. This enables real-time communication between a learner and a teacher. It is the oldest style of educational instruction. A higher level of interaction amongst individuals is advantageous to learners. In face-to-face instruction, students are responsible for their development during the scheduled meetings for the group.

Online training courses: Online training, sometimes referred to as computer-based training (CBT), distant learning, or e-learning, is a type of instruction that is entirely conducted online. It has a wide range of critically important to understand that can all be accessible by an internet browser, such as graphics, audio, video, and online links. These components are utilized in place of customary educational features. Example: Udacity, Udemy, Cloud Guru are the examples of online training websites. Team meetings: A proactive meeting scheduled by a manager, who has the role and responsibility of managing a team of individuals, in consultation with all team members who, with the manager, decide collectively on the frequency of meetings and have the option to input on the agenda, format, time, and location of the meeting. Example: Microsoft Teams, Zoom are the platforms for conducting team meetings. Summary Emails requiring response: Weekly reports that illustrate how many submissions each of your forms has received are called email summaries. There are many ways in which these reports can be beneficial. For instance, if there aren't as many entries as you'd like, you might want to think about changing the form to increase form conversions. Example: Professional development: This is the process of learning and training to better yourself and enhance your profession. Although businesses may provide training programmes to help employees learn more, most employees pursue their professional growth on their own. An employee can pursue their professional development in a variety of ways, including by enrolling in classes, attending workshops, or developing new abilities on their own. Example: Seminars, Webinars, Conferences, Workshops.

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Describe any three informal learning environments and systems that are most commonly used in organisations. (30 – 40 words each). 1. Self-motivated learning: Without the assistance of a teacher, this informal method of learning occasionally has a resource person as a helper. Making a meal from scratch while using a recipe and your mother as a resource helper is an illustration of self-directed learning. 2. Casual education: This kind of learning happens when the learner does not intend to acquire anything from a particular situation but learning nonetheless occurs. The act of a youngster touching a hot iron is an illustration of incidental learning. 3. socialisation and education: Because of human behaviour, attitude, values, and abilities, this kind of learning occurs every day. A youngster acquiring a language on their own while hearing their parents speak it in front of them without any instruction or classes is an example of socialisation learning. List any five legislative requirements that guide the development of critical thinking in others. 1. Be a lifelong student: Stay always educated. The natural interest of learners for the outside world and their field of study is contagious. They converse with others while reading. In essence, they educate themselves without being instructed to. This can be learned by reading, speaking with subject-matter experts, listening to lectures online, or going to conferences. When making a choice, employees must weigh more data the more they are aware of. 2. Decide what is best for the majority: Even if it is not the best option for the individual, critical thinkers set their egos aside and consider what is best for the company. Their objective is to understand before coming to a choice that is beneficial for the majority and is rational and clear. 3. Take time to hear unorthodox viewpoints: People who are critical thinkers frequently look for novel approaches to complex issues. The statement "that is how we have always done it" is unpopular with them. They also understand that working together with their team, their industry, and occasionally their rivals will lead to the best solutions, and they are fine with it. 4. Avoid becoming stuck in analysis: By examining both the big picture and the details, critical thinkers can avoid the pitfalls of having too much knowledge and becoming stuck in the decision-making process. They are aware that they will never have all the available information, but they also realise they can act now and change their minds later if required. 5. Consider yourself. The ability to articulate their reasoning to others is a skill that critical thinkers acquire. Others can follow their logic and comprehend their ideas.

When given more information that allows for better understanding, individuals are willing to revise their opinions. List what does a safe critical thinking environment include. (at least two) Making educated decisions requires the capacity to objectively assess a variety of information sources. Because of this, critical thinkers also have a wide range of other crucial abilities, such as analysis, creativity, problem-solving, and empathy. 1. Problem Solving: Many people may believe they have problem-solving abilities, but if you don't take the time to use the preceding processes, you aren't thinking critically. As a result, you might not come up with the ideal answer to your issue. When solving a problem, using critical thinking skills is vitally necessary because your choice could have an impact on hundreds of individuals or possibly the viability of the company financially. You can never fully comprehend the effects of a decision if you aren't considering it from a variety of angles. 2. Risk Assessment: Risks abound in the modern workforce due to economic uncertainty, climate change, and political upheaval. A company's ability to identify these risks and take appropriate action depends on its employees' critical thinking abilities. There are numerous instances in which risk assessment takes place. For instance, to ensure that its workers are working as safely as possible, a construction business must identify all potential dangers on a building site. Without this study, there may be accidents or even fatalities, which would be extremely upsetting to the employees and would harm the company's reputation (not to mention any of the legal consequences). List out any four sources from which organisations can get reliable information on workplace procedures? 1. Work Safe 2. Industrial relation, New South Wales Government. 3. Business.gov.au, Australian Government 4. HR Connects. Discuss any two best practices that fosters creative and critical thinking in industry. (In about 130 – 150 words). 1. Learn to Ask Questions: Since the beginning of time, the human intellect has created profound queries about nearly everything (not to mention things beyond the sun). We still encourage our kids to ask questions and consider different options as part of modern education. Essential inquiries are preferable to general ones. Critical thinking and lifelong learning are based on the capacity to ask insightful questions that result in insightful and practical responses. Driving questions in

instruction make sure that neither we nor our students just take information in a passive manner. 2. Just fix one issue The curse of the working citizen is having so many issues and not enough time to address them. They don't go away on their own, whether they are issues that arise without our involvement or issues that we create for ourselves via choice and action. The key is to deal with them one at a time, a day at a time, and figure out how to prevent them in the future. That is ultimately all we can hope for. List at least three best practice approaches for instructing teams and individuals in critical thinking. 1. Scrutinize one another: Get your team to interrogate one another because doing so helps you think critically. For instance, if someone assumes anything about you or says something you disagree with, politely enquire as to why they feel that way. Ask someone to elaborate if you don't understand what they're saying or if you're unclear. Thinking critically can be sparked by asking questions. 2. Try to overcome each other's mental tricks: Heuristics, or mental shortcuts, are methods your brain instinctively employs to assist you make decisions and solve issues based on incomplete knowledge. But this might result in cognitive biases and individual prejudices. A critical thinker is conscious of their prejudices and biases and how they affect what may appear to be objective decisions and answers. You should be aware of each other's mental shortcuts and challenge each other to stop using them if you want your team to be capable of critical thinking. 3. Actively listen: Your team should actively listen to the ideas, defences, and criticisms of others to develop critical thinking skills. This implies that you should not be considering your response or reaction when someone else speaks. You can develop empathy by listening, and you can analyse someone else's perspective after hearing it. Because the conversation continues until you can repeat what the other person is attempting to say, employing active listening techniques will help you fully get what they are trying to express. What are the practices that helps the organisation to lead team and individuals in developing critical and creative thinking skills? 80-100 words.

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1. Make sure your team is aware of what success entails. The largest problem is frequently that they simply don't have enough information to be strategic when managers complain to us that their teams lack critical thinking abilities or aren't very strategic. 2. Early and often, respond to "Why". Naturally, you anticipate swift action when you give your staff instructions. The question "Why" may seem like a barrier at the time to an employee. However, in the big picture, you want workers who are curious. 3. Take advantage of the staff meetings with a "Plus One." Ask each direct report on a regular basis to bring a high-potential employee to the next staff meeting. Naturally, there shouldn't be any extremely delicate subjects discussed in a "plus one" meeting. The advantage of exposing your less experienced staff to higher levels of planning and decision-making is substantial, though. 4. Attending meetings that they wouldn't normally attend can give your staff entirely fresh insights. By changing things up, you may find and develop new leaders who will keep your company going for years to come. Provide at least five examples of how critical thinking can be applied in the workplace. 1. Data Analysing: Automation can sift, sort, and report data in a more-or-less digestible form in today's world of data overload. Data analysis, interpretation, and decision-making are all distinctively human abilities. 2. Encouraging a group effort and collaborative problem-solving: Applying the idea that, in contrast to the proverbial saying, having too many cooks doesn't always "spoil the broth" is one of the most prevalent creative and critical thinking examples in professional contexts. 3. Evaluating hazards:  Critical thinking and reasoning Identifying possible hazards at a construction site and aligning those hazards with the health and safety regulations of OSHA are instances of successfully managing risks.  Designing a business continuity risk assessment and an emergency response plan  Evaluating the potential effects of new financial privacy and compliance regulations and developing a plan of action that successfully manages risks. 4. Engaging fresh talent: As we covered in our previous article, one crucial step in critical thinking is getting past bias. You must read, evaluate, and take in numerous job application packets

before making a new hire. We should start by eliminating bias and personal preferences from the application selection procedure. This entails ignoring the candidates' age, gender, country of origin, and other characteristics. 5. Recognising their genuine contribution to the company: To improve professional performance, self-reflection entails a sincere assessment of individual value to the organisation and how particular skills and expertise contribute. List any five examples of processes that are often adopted to develop critical thinking in others for a supportive environment. (In 60-70 words). 1. R ationality of thought: The most crucial component of critical thinking is the capacity for accurate information analysis. This calls for acquiring data, understanding it, and critically assessing it. 2. Adequate communication: Effective communication is essential to the critical thinking process, whether you use it to collect information or persuade others that your conclusions are true. 3. Sensible thinking: Our critical thinking will advance if you can identify specific patterns in data and draw abstract connections between seemingly unrelated pieces of information. 4. Open-mindedness: A person's capacity to unbiasedly assess various situations is influenced by their prior education and experiences in life. You can enhance your critical thinking and general decision-making process by being aware of these biases. 5. Possibility of problem-solving: Another important talent is the capacity to accurately analyse an issue and work towards developing a solution. For instance, if the waitstaff at your restaurant needs to increase service rates, you might think about giving some of their responsibilities to bussers or other kitchen staff so the servers can bring food more rapidly.

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