Problem Set #1 2022
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San Jose State University *
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Course
21
Subject
Linguistics
Date
Feb 20, 2024
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docx
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Uploaded by SargentMandrillMaster963
LING 21 Problem Set #1
Name:
Complete this assignment on your own. Please type
your answers to turn in.
I.
Determine whether, in typical context, the following sentences are
or are not
statements. If a sentence is not a statement, tell what kind of non-statement it is.
1.
___________________ If Gina calls, tell her I’m at the library.
2.
___________________ Wow!
3.
___________________ Black cats are more beautiful than orange cats.
4.
___________________ Don’t you realize how silly that hat looks?
II.
Determine whether the following passages do or do not contain ought imperatives. If it does
contain an ought imperative, state the advice it gives
. If it is not
an ought imperative, tell what it is and explain
.
1.
___________________ Don’t bother buying premium gas if your car specifies regular. It
won’t make your car go faster or operate more efficiently -- and it’s about 14 percent more expensive. (
Consumer Reports advertising brochure)
2.
___________________ Toby, never throw a pen at your sister! You could put an eye out! (said by Toby’s mother)
III.
Identify the premises and conclusions in the following passages.
1.
Do not play your sound system loudly, as you may not be able to hear warning sirens from emergency vehicles. In addition, hearing damage from loud noise is almost undetectable until it’s too late. (car owner’s manual)
Premise(s)
:
Conclusion
:
2.The revocation of the 55 mph speed limit has resulted in an increased number of auto fatalities. We must alleviate this problem with stricter speed limit enforcement. Premise(s)
:
Conclusion:
3. Our pajamas have little lapels, little cuffs, simulated breast pockets. Do you need a breast pocket on your pajamas? You put a pen in there, you roll over in the middle of the night, you kill
yourself. (Jerry Seinfeld, SeinLanguage
)
Premise(s)
:
Conclusion
:
IV.
Determine which of the following passages contain arguments and which do not. If it is not an argument, tell what it is.
1.
___________________ I’m trading in my Ford Explorer for a Toyota Corolla because they’re more reliable and get better gas mileage.
2.
___________________ Dogs make better pets than do cats. Dogs provide companionship and protection, whereas cats are more aloof and do not guard against intruders.
3.
___________________ The rich and famous tend not to be happy, well-adjusted personalities. Look at Kanye West.
4.
___________________ If there were no maldistribution, if everyone shared equally, and if no grain were fed to animals, all of humanity could be adequately nourished today. (Paul Ehrlich and Anne Ehrlich, Betrayal of Science and Reason
)
V.
Determine whether the following passages are best understood as arguments or explanations. 1.
___________________ The Great Lakes area has a concentration of industry because of the availability of water for manufacturing processes, and because water transportation is an efficient way to move raw materials and products. (Eldon E. Enger and Bradley F. Smith, Environmental Science
, 6th ed.)
2.
___________________ Smoke appears because of fire: a combination of flammable material, oxygen, and sufficient heat.
3.
___________________ Identical twins often have different IQ test scores. Yet such twins inherit the same genes. So environment must play some part in determining IQ.
(Alan Hausman, Howard Kahane, and Paul Tidman
, Logic and Philosophy: A Modern Introduction
)
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