Guerrero_Unit 3

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Colorado State University, Global Campus *

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515

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Law

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Feb 20, 2024

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Uploaded by LieutenantHeron3985

Infectious Disease Catherine Guerrero Colorado State University Global HCM515 Health Law and Ethics Dr. Ray Borges 3 December 2023

Infectious Disease Thesis. Advancement in the science and medical field has been occurring at an accelerated rate during our lifetime. While models that can track disease infection and spread rates exist, there are growing concerns about rapidly spreading diseases. Current modelling may not be able to predict infections at a pace that can make a positive impact on a future epidemic. Addressing new infectious diseases involves navigating various ethical and legal complexities. Balancing public health interests with individual rights while allocating resources requires careful consideration and may delay the lawmaking process. Conclusion. The ever-quickening pace of disease transmission challenges our current disease- tracking models, casting doubts on their ability to predict outbreaks swiftly enough to stem future epidemics. Navigating the complex ethical and legal landscape becomes paramount. Achieving balance between safeguarding public health and respecting individual liberties, while efficiently allocating resources, presents a daunting challenge. Striking this balance necessitates careful consideration while implementing new laws and policies. Addressing these challenges demands not just scientific innovation, but integration of ethical, legal, and medical insights to forge an effective and sensible response to future pandemics cause by infectious disease. References Cassario, A. (2023). Perceived vulnerability to infectious disease and perceived harmfulness are as predictive of citizen response to COVID-19 as partisanship. Politics and the Life Sciences : The Journal of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences , 42 (2), 277–290. https://doi.org/10.1017/pls.2023.14 Something that proved problematic during the COVID-19 pandemic was the politicalization of a real disease. The public was divided on their perception of how dangerous the disease was and

who they prescribed blame on the handling of the response as too little to be effective and keep them safe or government overreach that infringes upon individual rights. This source looks to analyze whether a person's response to their perceived vulnerability of COVID-19 can predict what political party they belong to. This information will be useful for healthcare companies for future pandemics similar to COVID-19. Green, B. (2023). Should infectious disease modelling research be subject to ethics review? Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine : PEHM , 18 (1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13010-023- 00138-4 In this source the author raises the question of why there was no ethical or peer review of the UK’s Report 9, which directly fed the UK Government’s response to the COVID-19 Pandemic, and if there should be in the future. Report 9 was an article published in March of 2020 reporting the findings of the Imperial College’s model of how many people could potentially be infected and killed by COVID-19. This could be important to bring to the attention company leadership when they are researching new diseases. Advisement of only using peer reviewed sources to enact serious policy that effects employees or patients should be crucial in the healthcare field. Lee, J. M., Jansen, R., Sanderson, K. E., Guerra, F., Keller-Olaman, S., Murti, M., O’Sullivan, T. L., Law, M. P., Schwartz, B., Bourns, L. E., & Khan, Y. (2023). Public health emergency preparedness for infectious disease emergencies: a scoping review of recent evidence. BMC Public Health , 23 (1), 420. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15313-7 This source aimed to review the emergency preparedness of local public health systems in Canada for infectious disease response specifically. This source is useful since the study specifically excluded records that discussed federal, national, or international frameworks for preparedness. Many of the other sources discuss national, international, or global impact of infectious diseases and specifically revolve around the COVID-19 pandemic. Not all future

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pandemics will be similar to COVID-19 and while learning from mistakes made in that response is useful, not all focus on infectious disease outbreaks should be in response to COVID-19 and similar diseases. Luo, M., Gong, F., Wang, J., & Gong, Z. (2023). The priority for prevention and control of infectious diseases: Reform of the Centers for Disease Prevention and Control - Occasioned by “the WHO chief declares end to COVID-19 as a global health emergency.” Bioscience Trends , 17 (3), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.5582/bst.2023.01124 Pandemic level infectious diseases will be a problem in the future. This Chinese based study concluded that the CDCs in the 21 st century were unprepared for COVID-19. The prevention and control of infectious disease capability of CDCs has been declining in the 21 st century. The authors believe that CDCs should be given more authority in policy making to deal with future outbreaks. Pokutnaya, D., Van Panhuis, W. G., Childers, B., Hawkins, M. S., Arcury-Quandt, A. E., Matlack, M., Carpio, K., & Hochheiser, H. (2023). Inter-rater reliability of the infectious disease modeling reproducibility checklist (IDMRC) as applied to COVID-19 computational modeling research. BMC Infectious Diseases , 23 (1), 733. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08729-4 The authors of this paper created the Infectious Disease Modeling Reproducibility Checklist (IDMRC). Based on their study they concluded that many of the models used for prediction during the COVID-19 pandemic had limited reproducibility. This poses a great concern to the future of infectious disease computer modeling. If models cannot be reproduced then their legitimacy and accuracy will come into question and become ineffective, leading to a waste of time, effort, resources, and importantly, valuable information. Wang, M., Yang, B., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., Ji, H., & Yang, C. (2023). Emerging infectious disease surveillance using a hierarchical diagnosis model and the Knox algorithm. Scientific Reports , 13 (1), 19836. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47010-1

The model that was created by these authors uses a comparison of existing medical records to help analyze and track infectious disease spread in real time. This source details how the comparison of medical records at the speed of which the model operates can assist hospitals in dealing with new outbreaks of disease.

Guerrero_Unit 3

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