Bis2CFall21 Plants Study Quiz 4
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Study Quiz 4: Plants
BIS 2C Fall 2021
Instructions
: Below are practice questions that are representative of what you will see on your midterm exam. Please note that these are representative only; your actual exam questions are likely to be different.
Your responses will be graded for completion and effort, not accuracy. Answers that do not show effort will not receive credit. A key will be posted on October 8, but we encourage you to attend office hours if you have questions. Please work together!
This study quiz is due on Monday, November 8 by 5:00p
.
1. What are the specific defining features of Plantae (list them below)? How do plants contrast with organisms more familiar to you such as animals? Be sure to think in terms of cell structure,
metabolism, growth, reproduction, and movement.
2. Is photosynthesis an evolutionary innovation of Plantae? Provide at least two
pieces of evidence that support your argument.
3. Land plants are descendants of aquatic ancestors. In order to successfully transition to life on
land, they had to overcome several challenges
. Identify two different
challenges below and identify the specific characteristic
that evolved in land plants to address each challenge.
4. A key trend in the evolution of land plants is the reduction of the gametophyte and enhancement of the sporophyte generations. Using moss, ferns, and angiosperms as examples make a small sketch below that illustrates this trend. Explain why the enhancement of the sporophyte generation is an advantage in terms of dispersal and photosynthesis.
5. First, fill out the chart below indicating the ploidy and cellularity of spores, gametes, and pollen. What is the difference between spores and gametes? How did the role of spores change
in the evolution of seed plants? In an alternation of generations life cycle, what is pollen?
Ploidy
Unicellular or Multicellular
Spores
Gametes
Pollen
6. What are the main tissues and organs that make
up the plant body? On the figure at right, label the
dermal, ground, and vascular tissues AND explain
their function.
7. Label the steps of the light reactions of photosynthesis on the diagram above as discussed in lecture. Identify the products that are the precursors to the Calvin cycle.
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8. Label the steps of the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis on the diagram above as discussed in lecture. Make sure to account for the number of carbons and the use of ATP and NADPH.
9. Using the model of sugar and water transport above, label xylem, sieve tube, companion cell,
source, and sink. Show the direction of water flow and contrast this with the flow of sugars. Indicate which process uses ATP and how pressure is involved in the flow of sugars in the phloem.
10. How are photosynthesis and water/ sugar transport connected? How does this relate to the problem of photorespiration? What are the two strategies that plants have evolved to manage photorespiration?
11. Contrast the differences between primary and secondary growth. Where do each of these processes occur? Why have monocots “lost” the ability to perform secondary growth?
12. In lecture, we discussed the significance of three gymnosperms in California. List them below, provide their distributional ranges, and explain their significance.
13. Gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed plants. How is the nutritive tissue that supports the developing embryo different between these two groups? Make a simple sketch that compares their seeds, being sure to label the embryo, seed coat, nutritive tissue, and fruit. Include both the ploidy AND origin of each nutritive tissue as part of your answer.
14. Label the parts of the flower above using the associated terms
below. Where will pollen land
to affect pollination? Label the structure on the diagram (please use the letter ‘P’). Label the part on structure A
that will develop into fruit (please use the letter ‘F’). Based on the type of flower shown here, what kind
of fruit will develop and how
do you know this?
(1) filament
(2) central cell
(3) stamen
(4) ovary
(5) egg
(6) integuments
(7) anther
(8) style
(9) petal
(10) stigma
15. Contrast the differences between monocots and eudicots by making a simple chart below. Be sure to show differences in leaves, roots, stems, seed germination, flower parts, and pollen. You may draw simple sketches to support your answer.
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